muungano

Tanzania (, Swahili: [tanzaˈni.a]), officially the United Republic of Tanzania (Swahili: Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania), is a country in East Africa within the African Great Lakes region. It borders Uganda to the north; Kenya to the northeast; Comoro Islands and the Indian Ocean to the east; Mozambique and Malawi to the south; Zambia to the southwest; and Rwanda, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west. Mount Kilimanjaro, Africa's highest mountain, is in northeastern Tanzania.
Many important hominid fossils have been found in Tanzania, such as 6-million-year-old Pliocene hominid fossils. The genus Australopithecus ranged all over Africa 4 to 2 million years ago; and the oldest remains of the genus Homo are found near Lake Olduvai. Following the rise of Homo erectus 1.8 million years ago, humanity spread all over the Old World, and later in the New World and Australia under the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens also overtook Africa and absorbed the older archaic species and subspecies of humanity. One of the oldest known ethnic groups still existing, the Hadzabe, appears to have originated in Tanzania, and their oral history recalls ancestors who were tall and were the first to use fire, medicine, and lived in caves, much like Homo erectus or Homo heidelbergensis who lived in the same region before them.
Later in the Stone and Bronze Age, prehistoric migrations into Tanzania included Southern Cushitic speakers who moved south from present-day Ethiopia; Eastern Cushitic people who moved into Tanzania from north of Lake Turkana about 2,000 and 4,000 years ago; and the Southern Nilotes, including the Datoog, who originated from the present-day South Sudan–Ethiopia border region between 2,900 and 2,400 years ago. These movements took place at about the same time as the settlement of the Mashariki Bantu from West Africa in the Lake Victoria and Lake Tanganyika areas. They subsequently migrated across the rest of Tanzania between 2,300 and 1,700 years ago.German rule began in mainland Tanzania during the late 19th century when Germany formed German East Africa. This was followed by British rule after World War I. The mainland was governed as Tanganyika, with the Zanzibar Archipelago remaining a separate colonial jurisdiction. Following their respective independence in 1961 and 1963, the two entities merged in 1964 to form the United Republic of Tanzania.The United Nations estimated Tanzania's 2018 population at 56.31 million, which is slightly smaller than South Africa, making it the second most populous country located entirely south of the Equator. The population is composed of about 120 ethnic, linguistic, and religious groups. The sovereign state of Tanzania is a presidential constitutional republic and since 1996 its official capital city has been Dodoma where the president's office, the National Assembly, and some government ministries are located. Dar es Salaam, the former capital, retains most government offices and is the country's largest city, principal port, and leading commercial centre. Tanzania is a de facto one-party state with the democratic socialist Chama Cha Mapinduzi party in power.
Tanzania is mountainous and densely forested in the north-east, where Mount Kilimanjaro is located. Three of Africa's Great Lakes are partly within Tanzania. To the north and west lie Lake Victoria, Africa's largest lake, and Lake Tanganyika, the continent's deepest lake, known for its unique species of fish. To the south lies Lake Malawi. The eastern shore is hot and humid, with the Zanzibar Archipelago just offshore. The Menai Bay Conservation Area is Zanzibar's largest marine protected area. The Kalambo Falls, located on the Kalambo River at the Zambian border, is the second highest uninterrupted waterfall in Africa.Over 100 different languages are spoken in Tanzania, making it the most linguistically diverse country in East Africa. The country does not have a de jure official language, although the national language is Swahili. Swahili is used in parliamentary debate, in the lower courts, and as a medium of instruction in primary school. English is used in foreign trade, in diplomacy, in higher courts, and as a medium of instruction in secondary and higher education, although the Tanzanian government is planning to discontinue English as the primary language of instruction but it will be available as an optional course. Approximately 10 percent of Tanzanians speak Swahili as a first language, and up to 90 percent speak it as a second language.

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  1. benzemah

    Fatma Karume: Muungano Haujaathiri Wazanzibari

    MJANE wa Rais wa kwanza wa Zanzibar, Abeid Karume, Fatma Karume amesema Muungano wa Tanganyika na Zanzibar haujawaathiri Wazanzibari. - Alisema hayo nyumbani kwake Maisara visiwani Zanzibar wakati anazungumza na waandishi wa Kampuni ya Magazeti ya Serikali (TSN). - Fatma akasema tangu Tanganyika...
  2. Chawa wa lumumbashi

    Fatma Karume: Muungano haujawaathiri Wazanzibar

    Kazi kwenu, Zanzibar; mjane wa Rais wa kwanza wa Zanzibar, Abeid Karume, Fatma Karume amesema Muungano wa Tanganyika na Zanzibar haujawaathiri Wazanzibari. Alisema hayo nyumbani kwake Maisara visiwani Zanzibar wakati anazungumza na waandishi wa Kampuni ya Magazeti ya Serikali (TSN). Fatma...
  3. Chachu Ombara

    KWELI Mtanzania Bara huruhusiwi kuendesha gari Zanzibar bila kuwa na kibali maalum

    Huu Muungano ni chenga kabisa una kero nyingi mno, naona kwa Zanzibar wao ni raha kwenda mbele. Sisi wote ni Watanzania lakini ajabu Mtanganyika akienda Zanzibar endapo atahitaji kuendesha gari basi atatakiwa kuomba kibali maalum kinachotolewa na mamlaka za huko, vinginevyo utakuwa unavunja...
  4. Kyambamasimbi

    Mwaisa nimerejea sasa, baada ya kuwa uhamishoni kwa muda. Nawasalimu kwa jina la jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania

    Habari ndugu wanaJF Poleni kwa majukumu, niliwamisi Sana ndugu zangu nilikuwa uhamishoni kwa muda ila nimerejea salama. Natuma salamu kwa wafiatao sky eclat faiza fox kichwa kichafu mpwayungu mshana Jr To yeye wa stendi na wote wanaosoma Uzi huuu......... UJUMBE TUKUMBUKANE KUPITIA JAMIIFOFUM
  5. Meneja Wa Makampuni

    Barua ya wazi kwa Bunge la Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania

    Bunge la Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania, Dodoma, Tanzania. Kwa heshima kubwa, ninaleta pendekezo langu kuhusu njia mpya ya kushughulikia changamoto ya uhaba wa mafuta na uhaba wa dola nchini. Tatizo hili litaathiri uchumi wetu na maisha ya wananchi wetu kwa muda mrefu, na naamini pendekezo...
  6. Msanii

    Maamuzi ya Nyerere kutuingiza AU, SADC, EAC na hatimaye Muungano yatatutesa hadi kiama. Nini kifanyike?

    Ukweli usemwe Mwalimu Julias Kambarage Nyerere aliwahi kusema kuwa katika uongozi wake yapo mambo mazuri alifanya na pia yapo ya kipuuzi ambayo alifanya. Akaendelea kusema anashangaa wanaomfuatia wanayaacha yenye tija na kuendeleza yale mabaya yake. Katika mambo ya kipuuzi aliyoyafanya...
  7. Stephano Mgendanyi

    Bunge la Tanzania laridhia Itifaki ya Biashara ya Huduma ya Jumuiya ya Maendeleo Kusini Mwa Afrika (SADC) ya Mwaka 2012

    Bunge la Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania limeridhia Itifaki ya Biashara ya Huduma ya Jumuiya ya Maendeleo Kusini Mwa Afrika (SADC) ya Mwaka 2012. Itifaki hiyo imeridhiwa Agosti 31, 2023 Bungeni jijini Dodoma na Wabunge wa Bunge hilo ambao walitoa maoni na mapendekezo mbalimbali yaliyolenga...
  8. Suley2019

    UMOJA wa Afrika (AU) umeifungia nchi ya Niger kushiriki shughuli zote za muungano

    UMOJA wa Afrika (AU) umeifungia nchi ya Niger kushiriki katika shughuli zote zinazohusiana na muungano huo kutokana na mapinduzi ya kijeshi yaliyofanywa mwezi uliopita. Kitengo cha amani na usamala katika umoja huo kimetoa wito kwa nchi wanachama wa AU kujiepusha na masuala yoyote yanayoweza...
  9. JanguKamaJangu

    93.6% ya Watanzania wote walizaliwa baada ya Muungano

    Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania ni Muungano wa Nchi mbili huru za Tanganyika na Zanzibar. Muungano huu ulioasisiwa na viongozi wakuu wa nchi hizo ambao ni Mwalimu Julius Kambarage Nyerere aliyekuwa Rais wa kwanza Tanganyika na Sheikh Abeid Aman Karume aliyekuwa Rais wa kwanza wa Zanzibar na...
  10. M

    Wanufaika wa muungano wa Tanganyika na Zanzibar tukutane hapa na kuutetea

    Ufike wakati mtushawishi Kwa hoja hasa Kwa watu wa kawaida kabisa kwamba huu muungano umewanufaisha vipi au umekupa hasara Gani wewe binafsi. Binafsi Mimi muungano huu umenisaidia sana kutimiza ndoto yangu. Wakati Tanganyika singeweza kusajiliwa kuendesha biashara yangu nikaenda Zanzibar ambako...
  11. K

    Hebu tukitafakari kiapo cha Rais wa Jamhuri ya Muungano Tanzania

    Mimi .............. naapa kwamba nitakuwa mwaminifu kwa Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania na nitalinda na kuitetea Katiba ya Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania ilivyowekwa kisheria. Ewe Mwenyezi Mungu nisaidie. Mimi ................ naapa nitatenda kazi zangu za Urais wa Jamhuri ya Tanzania kwa...
  12. Nguruvi3

    Duru: ' Utata wa Utatu', Katiba, Muungano na Kura ya Maoni

    Sehemu ya I Bandiko Duru: Hatima ya Muungano na dalili za kuvunjika mapema tulisema bila kura ya maoni na Katiba ,tuna ahirisha tatizo la Muungano kwa muda. Kuna 'utatu' wa ''Katiba, Muungano na Kura ya maoni'' . Madai ya katiba ni katika eneo la madaraka ya Rais, kuimarisha taasisi na...
  13. J

    Nani ni mlinzi wa katiba ya Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania?

    Habari wanajamvi? Niende Moja Kwa Moja kwenye hoja ya msingi. Kwa muda sasa KATIBA YA JMT imekuwa ikivunjwa na wana Siasa kadiri wanavyo penda bila kujali viapo vyao. Swali ninalo jiuliza ni kwamba ni nani hasa ni mlizi wa KATIBA yetu? Binafsi nimeshuhudia Rais Magufuli akivunja KATIBA mara...
  14. JanguKamaJangu

    FCC yasema suala la Muungano wa Mwekezaji na Simba wameshalifunga

    Akifafanua hali ya sintofahamu inayoendelea kuhusu mchakato wa uwekezaji unaendelea kati ya Klabu ya Simba na mwekezaji Mohamed Dewji ‘Mo’, Mkurugenzi Mkuu Tume ya Ushindani (FCC), William Erio amesema kinachoangaliwa na watu wengi ni upande wa Mwekezaji na kusahau kuhusu kile kinachotakiwa...
  15. Pascal Mayalla

    Je, umefika wakati kutimiza Uzalendo wa kweli wa kwenda kwenye Serikali moja?

    Wanabodi, Kama kawa, kila nipatapo fursa, huja na makala zangu za kwa maslahi ya taifa. Leo niko Mbeya, hiki kibaridi cha Mbeya, kwa sisi tulio zoea mablangeti yale, hata ujifunike vipi, na blangeti zito kiasi gani, kibaridi bado kiko pale pale, kinapenya, unakisikia!, mpaka saa hizi uzingizi...
  16. B

    TISS na CCM Party Comrades tumieni kesi ya Mbeya kuokoa Umoja wetu, na Muungano wetu, kuilinda CCM. FUTA IGA

    Asalam, Nimefuatilia mijadala ya huu mkataba wa kuuza Bandari. Mengi yamesemwa. Sitaki kuyarudia, Natoa ushauri tu sasa ili kulinda umoja wetu kama watanzania, muungano wetu na uimara wa CCM. 1. Vyombo na mifumo ya dola iwasaidie Majaji Mbeya KUFUTA HUU MKATABA bila kujali changamoto za dini...
  17. SALIZAH

    SoC03 Babu nimechoka kukariri nataka kuuelewa Muungano

    Shikamoo Babu. Babu nimesoma katiba ya Zanzibar ya mwaka 1984 ibara ya 2A inasema "Zanzibar ni miongoni mwa nchi mbili zinazounda jamhuri ya muungano wa Tanzania". Kweli naiona Zanzibar ipo kama nchi maana ina Rais wake, katiba na bendera yake. Nchi ya pili ambayo ni sehemu ya muungano hapa...
  18. J

    Natamani kujua, Mwenyekiti wa Jimbo la jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania anaitwa nani?

    Natamani kujua, Mwenyekiti wa Jimbo la jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania anaitwa nani? Jamani hili swali limenishinda. Nisaidieni.
  19. M

    Muungano ni kati ya nchi ya Tanganyika na Zanzibar, kama Zanzibar ipo Tanganyika ipo wapi?

    Mwaka 1964 nchi ya Tanganyika iliungana na nchi ya Zanzibar na kuzaa nchi ya Tanzania. Nilitarajia muungano ule ungezifuta nchi zote mbili yaani nchi ya Zanzibar na nchi ya Tanganyika ili kuwe na nchi moja tu ya Tanzania. Kinachoshangaza kwa muungano huu ni uwepo wa nchi ya Zanzibar na kutoweka...
  20. comte

    The Emirate of Dubai siyo nchi na uhusiano wa kimataifa ni jambo la Muungano ila ina uwezo wa kuingia makubaliano ya kimataifa kwa mujibu wa Katiba

    Mh. Madeleka ametumia ibara ya 120 ya katiba ya Umoja wa Falme za Kiarabu kujenga hoja kuwa The Emirate of Dubai siyo nchi na haina uwezo wa kuingia mikataba na nchi nyingine kwa sababu uhusiano wa kimataifa ni jambo la Muungano. Kwa bahati mbaya sana Mh. Madeleka anapotosha. Ni kweli The...
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