HIV ina stage tatu,,
1. acute stage
2.latency stage
3.AIDS
stage ya kwanza huanza week 2 au tatu baada ya kupata maambukizi ambapo dalili kubwa katika kipind hiki mtu hupata mafua, sore throat(madonda koo) , homa, kuvimba tezi(lymphadenopathy) nk. japo asilimia kubwa hua hawaonyeshi dalili zozote katika kipindi hiki na pia dalili hizi hupotea baada ya mda mfupi allmost 2weeks na mtu kupona kabisa na kuishi bila dalili zozote
stage ya pili ni latency stage ambapo kirusi cha HIV kinakua latent mwilini yani namaanisha kirusi kinakuepo na kinakua kina haribu kinga ya mwili kidogo kidogo (stage hii huchukua zaidi ya miaka kumi )na zaidi kulingana na kinga yako ya mwili..
stage ya tatu ni AIDS (acquired immuno deficiency syndrome) baada ya HIV kuharibu sana kinga ya mwili yani kua na CD4 counts chini ya 200 ndipo magonjwa nyemelezi huanza kumshambulia mtu (syndrome -meaning muunganiko wa Magonjwa) ambapo magonjwa kama TB, mkanda wa jeshi( herpes zoster) ,karposi sarcoma( cancer) ,oral candidiasis, n.k
ambapo dalili kubwa katika stage hii ni homa kali(39-42 degrees) , kutokwa na jasho kali usiku, kuharisha, kukonda sana ( unintentional weight loss- loosing more than 10-20percent weight) kutapika n.k
so kuchelewa kupima na kuanza kutumia dawa ndo husababisha watu wengi kupata TB na HIV kwa pamoja kwan TB mostly ni opportunistic infection kama kinga ya mwili imeharibiwa vibaya na virusi vya ukimwi
.
but ukipima mapema na kuanza kutumia antiretrovirals unaweza kuishi normal life with normal life expectancy kwasababu utapunguza viral loads na kufanya kirusi kisionekane kabisa na usiweze kuambukiza wengine ( being on ARVs for more than two years makes the viral load to be very low to undetected level and its more protecting than using condom )
current studies shows people who got HIV On there twenties they have lived to 65yrs which is mostly like normal normal life..
na kwa sasa ukianza kutumia anti retrovirals mapema unaweza kuishi to 70years ambayo ni almost like normal health life..
@dr Masesa. KCMC university