HARARE, Zimbabwe -- At meetings across the nation, officials of Zimbabwe's ruling ZANU-PF party have warned voters how they will know who casts ballots against longtime President Robert Mugabe in Friday's scheduled runoff election: serial numbers. The officials tell people that the ballot number will allow the ruling party to identify who has voted for the opposition so that they can be killed later, according to people who attended meetings in three different neighborhoods around the nation's capital.
Ndaziweye, a 60-year-old domestic worker who asked to be identified by her
first name only, said she was forced by a group of ZANU-PF youths to go to
such a meeting of about 400 people on the outskirts of Harare on her way
back from church Sunday. Opposition and human rights activists have also reported forced "pungwes" or re-education meetings across the nation to intimidate people into voting ZANU-PF through methods such as the serial numbers. The meetings began a few weeks after the March 29 election, but only recently have been used to issue threats about serial numbers on ballot papers.
A ZANU-PF official, who disagreed with the strategy, confirmed that ZANU-PF
war veterans and militia were spreading fear about the serial numbers to
intimidate voters. He said there were about 900 militia bases across the
country, one in every voting ward. The atmosphere at Sunday's meeting was loud and frenzied, almost festive, Ndaziweye said, making it even more worrisome. ZANU-PF youths sang and danced furiously.
"I was shocked because whenever anyone gave a speech, everyone would yell, 'We will kill! We will kill!' The youths were singing horrible songs and
shouting." The short, slight woman with ancient spectacles and frayed shoes said that despite the possible consequences, she will vote against Mugabe, if he defies international pressure and pushes ahead with the runoff vote Friday.
"I am voting for what I want, even if they kill me," she said. "I don't mind, as long as I vote for the person who's going to do something so that people don't starve. I'm voting for my grandchildren so that they can get an education." Opposition leader Morgan Tsvangirai, citing rising political violence by Mugabe supporters, formally withdrew from the election Tuesday, informing the Zimbabwe Electoral Commission in writing of his decision. International leaders and bodies including the U.N. Security Council have praised the Movement for Democratic Change leader's choice, saying that a free and fair election is impossible at this point given the level of intimidation by the Zimbabwe government.
Nonetheless, Mugabe, who has served as president since 1980, told a rally in
western Zimbabwe the election must go ahead "to fulfill a legal obligation." At Sunday's meeting, Ndaziweye knew that she stuck out like a sore thumb. She was one of the few not wearing a ZANU-PF scarf or T-shirt, she said. "The women and youth were accusing me of being MDC." But the most frightening moment came when the provincial chairman said that each voter would have to write the serial number of their ballot paper on their arm before entering the voting booth. "When you come out, you have to show the number to your party chairman and they will write it down with your name and ID number. So after voting, they will know how you voted. If you are going to vote for Morgan, that will be the end of your life," she said Tuesday.
"They said, 'Even if you run away, we'll chop the heads off whoever you leave behind at your house. We don't care if it's your children or your
grandchildren,' " the mother of four recounted. "Even the ladies, even the Women's League chairwoman, was talking about killing, saying, 'Don't vote for Tsvangirai or the youth will kill you. We have got strong youth and we are not joking. We are serious.' They said, 'This is not America.' "
Tobaiwa, 33, who also asked to be identified by his first name only, has been attending meetings in a suburb south of Harare every day for the last two weeks. He said he was severely beaten by ZANU-PF youth militias for failing to attend one meeting because he was at work. The message about serial numbers on the ballot papers was being repeated daily, he said. He said people at the meetings were warned those who voted for the opposition would face severe retribution. People were given the option of approaching the presiding officer at the polling booth, pretending to be illiterate and telling the official to record a vote for Mugabe, he said.
Tobaiwa voted for Tsvangirai in the first round of the presidential election
on March 29, but plans to stay away Friday. Despite Tsvangirai's withdrawal from the race because of the violence, Ndaziweye thinks it is still important for people to vote. "People must be brave, even though Mugabe has said he is not going to give up. It's better that we show Tsvangirai has won, even if we know he's not going to be president until after Mugabe dies."