Mgombea binafsi Tanzania: Tatizo ni nini?

Mkandara said:

Lole Gwasika,

Duh Mazee, hapa kidogo umenitisha..Kumbe sheria ni hivyo eeeh! au jamaa ni shoga anasherehekea kivyake!

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Mkuu Mkandara, Ass huyu ni yule punda!

Lole Gwakisa,

mkuu pamoja na sababu nzuri ulizotoa hapo, unadhani kweli a private candidate anaweza kugombea urais tanzania? Labda Zanzibar, lakini kwa bara, ni kubwa sana kwa mtu binafsi kuzunguka na kujitangaza. Kwanza tv coverage ni ndogo, na magazeti pia. Vyama bado ndo chombo cha kutoa utawala nchini. Unaweza kuniambia katika nchi zote zinazoruhusu wagombea binafsi, wameweza kufika wapi?

Mkandara said:

Huwezi kuondoa sheria (restriction) zinazomzuia mgombea binafsi ukasema ni interpret ya sheria ya mgombea yupi anayeruhusiwa wakati sheria inajieleza waziwazi kwamba haruhusiwi!.

Mimi nadhani tunachukulia swala hili kwa ushabiki na sii kufuata sheria.. hata mimi ningependa kuona wagombea binafsi lakini swali linarudi palepale..

Ikiwa leo tunashindwa kuvichagua vyama kama CUF na Chadema kwa sababu havina team tosha ya uongozi huyu mtu mmoja atakuwa amebadilisha kitu gani?

Je, akishinda ataweza vipi kuunda serikali!.. maanake inabidi tubadilishe pia sheria za bunge na Mawaziri..Hao mawaziri watatoka chama gani?.

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hii sheria inajielezaje waziwazi kwamba haruhusiwi? Katika statement hii wewe mwenyewe hujatoa interpretation yako tayari?

Kazi ya kutafsiri sheria ni ya mahakama. Na kama sheria iko ambigious huoni mahakama ina uwezo kutoa tafsiri yeyote?

Jamani Mimi nataka kugombea Ubunge katika Jimbo moja Kanda ya Ziwa kama Mgombea binafsi kutokana na kukerwa na misimamo ya kukengeuka ya vyama vya siasa na kuwa mtumwa wa M/kiti wa Chama.Sasa Serikali imekata rufaa kupinga kuruhusiwa.Tatizo ni nini hasa?Wana JF mnaofahamu mtuelimishe.

mmaroroi said:

Jamani Mimi nataka kugombea Ubunge katika Jimbo moja Kanda ya Ziwa kama Mgombea binafsi kutokana na kukerwa na misimamo ya kukengeuka ya vyama vya siasa na kuwa mtumwa wa M/kiti wa Chama.Sasa Serikali imekata rufaa kupinga kuruhusiwa.Tatizo ni nini hasa?Wana JF mnaofahamu mtuelimishe.

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wateule hawatapewa nafasi wateule wachague njia mbadala ya kusaidia matatizo ya wananchi. usihofu si lazima uwe mbunge kuokoa wananchi wako. sii lazima uende dodoma. hawa jamaa piga uwa hawawezi kukubali hilo.

Ogah said:

.......Je ni kweli Jaji ali-alter constitution badala ya Kuitafsiri....

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Ogah,
Kwamba Mahakama Kuu ilitengua katiba hilo hata hawabishani. Majaji walitegua kipengele vitatu:

KATIBA YA JAMHURI

39. (1) (c) Mtu hatastahili kuchaguliwa kushika kiti cha Rais wa Jamhuri ya Muungano isipokuwa tu kama: ni mwanachama, na mgombea aliyependekezwa na chama cha siasa;

67. ( 1) ( b) Mtu yeyote atakuwa na sifa za kustahili kuchaguliwa au kuteuliwa kuwa Mbunge endapo ni mwanachama na ni mgombea aliyependekezwa na chama cha siasa;

21. (1) Bila ya kuathiri masharti ya Ibara ya 39 ya 47 na ya 67 ya Katiba hii na ya sheria za nchi kuhusiana na masharti ya kuchagua na kuchaguliwa, au kuteua na kuteuliwa kushiriki katika shughuli za utawala wa nchi kila raia wa Jamhuri ya Muungano anayo haki ya kushiriki katika shughuli za utawala wa nchi, ama moja kwa moja au kwa kupitia wawakilishi waliochaguliwa na nanchi kwa hiari yao, kwa kuzingatia utaratibu uliowekwa na sheria au kwa mujibu wa sheria.

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Na, jaji Masati, akiandika kwa niaba ya jopo wala hakuficha kwamba, naam, sasa tunatengua katiba:

MAHAKAMA KUU, 2006

``The issue therefore is whether the amendments to Articles 21(1) and Articles 39 and 67 of the Constitution is ConstitutionalIt may of course sound odd to the ordinary mind to imagine that the provisions of a constitution may be challenged for being unconstitutional

So this Court may indeed declare some provisions of the Constitution, unconstitutional.

We thus proceed to declare that the said amendments to Articles 21(1), 39(1)(c) and 67(10)(b) are unconstitutional.``

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Vipengele vilivyotenguliwa na mahakama vilichomekwa kinazi kwenye Katiba katikati ya kesi ya kwanza, mwaka 1993, wiki moja kabla ya hukumu ya hayati jaji Lukakingira alipokubali pingamizi la Mtikila dhidi ya sheria inayotakataza ugombea binafsi. Hivyo, hukumu dhidi ya serikali, kwamba sheria ya uchaguzi ni kinyume cha Katiba, ikawa haina nguvu kwa vile serikali ilishajiwahi kuburuza muswada wa kubadili Katiba ili hiyo sheria ya uchaguzi ikubalike.

Mtikila aliporudi safari ya pili akadai kwamba marekebisho ya Katiba yaliyopitishwa kumzuia asigombee binafsi ni batili. Athari ya mabadiliko hayo, akasema, ni kumlazimisha kuingia kwenye chama wakati Katiba ilikuwa inapiga marufuku kulazimishana hivyo, isitoshe Katiba inaruhusu yeyote kushiriki utawala wa nchi ``moja kwa moja.``

KATIBA YA JAMHURI

20 (2)ni marufuku kwa mtu yeyote kulazimishwa kujiunga na chama chochote.

20(4) Itakuwa ni marufuku kwa mtu yeyote kulazimishwa kujiunga na chama chochote au shirika lolote au kwa chama chochote cha siasa kukataliwa kusajiliwa kwa sababu tu ya itikadi au falsafa ya chama hicho.

21(1) Kila raia wa Jamhuri wa Muungano anayo haki ya kushiriki katika shughuli za utawala wa nchi, ama moja kwa moja, au kwa kupitia wawakilishi waliochaguliwa na wanacnhi kwa hiari yao kwa kuzingatia utaratibu uliowekwa na sheria au kwa mujibu wa sheria.

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Mahakama Kuu ikakubaliana nae kwamba serikali haina nguvu kuchomeka mabadiliko ya Katiba yanayoondoa haki za msingi zilizokuwepo awali. Hivyo mwaka 2006 majaji wakafuta vipengele vipya vilivyochomekwa kwenye Katiba, kwamba ni unconstitutional. Mtikila akawa two for two, kashitaki mara mbili kashinda mara mbili.

Sasa serikali inakwenda Mahakama ya Rufaa kupinga kitendo cha Mahakama Kuu kubadili Katiba. Serikali inadai 1) walipochomeka kipengele cha katiba kuzuia mgombea binafsi walikuwa ndani ya mipaka yao kwa mujibu wa Katiba, 2 ) Bunge ndio lina nguvu ya kubadilisha Katiba, sio Mahakama.

KATIBA YA JAMHURI

98. (1) Bunge laweza kutunga Sheria kwa ajili ya kubadilisha masharti yoyote ya Katiba hii kwa kufuata kanuni [ifuatayo]: itaungwa mkono kwa kura za Wabunge ambao idadi yao haipungui theluthi mbili ya Wabunge wote;

(2) Kwa madhumuni ya ufafanuzi wa masharti ya ibara ndogo ya 98 (1) kubadilisha masharti ya Katiba hii au masharti ya sheria maana yake ifahamike kuwa ni pamoja na kurekebisha au kusahihisha masharti haya au kufuta na kuweka masharti mengine badala yake au kusisitiza au kubadilisha matumizi ya masharti hayo.

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Swali ni, jee, Mahakama ina nguvu kutengua katiba? Kama inayo, serikali inasema mwishowe majaji wanaweza kukadilisha Katiba nzima. (Kumbuka hawabishani kama ilitengua au haikutengua.)

Kawaida Katiba ni ya watu, inatoka kwa watu, kwa ajili ya watu. Kupitia wawakilishi. Inawezekana Mahakama ya Rufaa ikakubaliana na serikali kwamba wao, majaji, hawana nguvu kutangua Katiba.

Duh! there goes our "Philadelphia Lawyer"....

Nyani Ngabu said:

Duh! there goes our "Philadelphia Lawyer"....

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And he/she did a commandable job. The rest were just trying to give their lay opinions.

Lole Gwakisa,
Hata kama kutakuwa na sheria ya private candidate, it doesnt mean that every one will be free to contest for the post. Lazima kutakuwa na sheria nyingine, ikiwamo sheria ya uchaguzi ambayo itaweka sida za wagombea ziweje.

Lakini ukiamua kuangalia upande mwingine, si hao hao akina Roastam ndio wanaotajwa kuwa king makwers? Sasa kama wana uwezo wa kutengeneza watawala, si wanaweza na kuadhibti pia? Kuna tofauti gani ya kutawaliwa nao katika mfumo uliopo?

Dilunga,
Asante sana mkuu Dilunga. Hivi viraka vilivyochomekwa ni uzandiki, uhuni, ubabe na kila aina ya uchafu unaoweza kutaja. Sheria mama inasisitiza "uhuru" wa kuhusiana, kuchagua, kuchaguliwa na kushiriki katika mambo yote yanaoihusu jamii. Hili lakusema huwezi kufanya hiki ama kile linatoka wapi? Vinginevyo warudi kwenye meza ya kuchorea (drawing board) waondoe hicho kifungu kinachotoa huo uhuru ndipo wakazie hivyo vifungu vya kiendawazimu.

Mkandara, kuwepo kwa sheria hakumaanishi hata kama ni ya kijinga lazima tukubali tu. Hii sheria haikuwepo kama Dilunga alivyoonyesha na kwa uhakika haitakiwi kuwepo maana ni ya kibazazi kulinda maslahi binafsi.

Kwa ufupi mahakama kuu haikukosea ila jaji alipitiwa kusema anatengua kifungu hicho bali alitakiwa kusema anakifuta na kuwarejesha kwenye sheria mama kwenye katiba. "Uhuru wa ku...."

Cpt Hadock said:

And he/she did a commandable job. The rest were just trying to give their lay opinions.

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Oh no..he never dissapoints....he's very knowledgeable in the most minute aspects of the law. He/She rocks

Dilunga,
....in short from what i read in your post........majaji walifanya kazi yao ipasavyo i.e. kutafsiri.....kwamba yale marekebisho yaliyofanyika yalikuwa "unconstitutional"

Ogah said:

....in short from what i read in your post........majaji walifanya kazi yao ipasavyo i.e. kutafsiri.....kwamba yale marekebisho yaliyofanyika yalikuwa "unconstitutional"...........

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Exactaly not only short but also clear. Tatizo watu wanaifinyanga katiba lakini Leo Lwekama alipoisigina alifungwa jela mwaka mmoja. Hawa waliokiuka katiba wanasitahili kifungo cha maisha ama kwa sababu bado tuna adhabu ya kifo wanastahili kunyongwa. Ni wauwaji hawa wameua katiba kwa maslahi binafsi

cpt Hadock,

Cpt Hadock,

Lakini kumbuka ni sisi wenyewe kupitia Bunge letu ndio tulibadilisha Katiba ili kuzuia ugombea binafsi. Kama hatupendi wanachofanya, inabidi tuwabane hawa wabunge, waache kuwa rubber stamp wa serikali. Na tuanze kudai rekodi ziwekwe wazi za mbunge yupi ali vote nini.

Katiba yetu inasema Bunge linaweza kubadili chochote kile. Kesho tukiamua kuwa a Buddhist republic, au kuvunja Muungano, au kutawaliwa na Museveni katika Umoja wa Afrika Mashariki, as long as 2/3 ya Wabunge wanaafiki, tunaweza kubadili Katiba.

Kama ingekuwa ni marufuku kubadili Katiba basi leo hii bado tungekuwa kwenye usoshalisti wa chama kimoja.

Ila kazi hiyo ya kubadili Katiba ni ya Bunge, sio ya majaji.

Mtoto,

Mkandara,
hii sheria inajielezaje waziwazi kwamba haruhusiwi? Katika statement hii wewe mwenyewe hujatoa interpretation yako tayari? Kazi ya kutafsiri sheria ni ya mahakama. Na kama sheria iko ambigious huoni mahakama ina uwezo kutoa tafsiri yeyote?

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Mkuu wangu mimi sii mwanasheria isipokuwa natumia logic ktk tungo ya sheria tunazozungumzia..
hakuna interpretation yangu isipokuwa ni kufahamu kwamba Demokrasia inaanza na vyama sii wingi wa watu kugombea nafasi za uongozi. Chama kimoja kinachosimamisha wagombea mia kam wakati wa Nyerere haikuwa demokrasia ingawa kisheria nayo ingesema sawa na ibara inayoruhusu mtu kugombea na kupiga kura.

Kwa hiyo ukifahamu kwamba demokrasia yetu na inatokana na Vyama, ndio maana tukawa na sheria ya vyama vingi na sio sheria ya muundo wa wagombea wengi ilotangulia...Hivyo, sheria zote zinazoambatana na uchaguzi huzungumzia vyama na wagombea ni kati ya watu wanaogombea kupitia ticket za vyama na wananchi kuchagua viongozi wanaopita kwa ticket ya Chama..unapo cast Ur vote unapomchagua mtu unakichagua chama moja kwa moja..

Hivyo basi hata wagombea binafsi hutakiwa kuandaa chama (mrengo) fulani kiaina hata kama wajiite independent, Utakuta mtu huyo (kiti cha Urais) atasimamisha wabunge wakiwakilisha Independent na kadhalika na hata huyo mpiga kura huchahua mgombea wa Independent kwa sababu lengo kubwa la uchaguzi mkuu ni tofauti za itikadi zinazowakilishwa na kundi moja tofauti na jingine na sii mtu mmoja tofauti na mwingine.. Chama ndio alama ya mrengo chama ndicho kinachokupa sura ya imani utakayofuata na sii mtu au sura ya mtu.

Kifupi mkuu wangu wewe unaweza kuwa Mkristu au Muislaam hivyo tafsiri yake ni kwamba una dini.. unaruhusiwa kuamini, kuabudu na kusali lakini kama huna dini wewe ni Kafiri..Unapofungua kanisa lako tafisri yake itakuwa ngumu sana ikiwa bado unakataa kwamba huna dini..sasa kufungua kwako kanisa au msikiti na kujiita Sheikh una maana gani! unataka kuwaongoza watu wenye imani gani?

Hivyo sheria yetu kifungu 21 kinatafrisika vibaya na wanasheria wetu kwa sababu hawafahamu Demokrasia yetu imetokana na kitu gani......tumetoka wapi ndilo somo -Toka chama kimoja kuwa vyama vingi, ndio kichwa cha habari nzima ya uchaguzi na mfumo wa demokrasia yetu..Hao mahakimu wenyewe wamechukua shahada zao nchi za Kikomunist! Lol!

Bila shaka nimejieleza na umenielewa..

kama alivyosema John Tendwa (msajili wa vyama vingi), sheria yetu inatakiwa marekebisho.
Hapa hakuna tafisri inaonyesha wazi katiba ina mapungufu period hakuna kutafsiri vinginevyto.

Lakini hata haya marekebisho hayawezi kuja kirahisi kwani Wagombea binafsi nchini wanataka kuingia katika chaguzi hizi wakiwa mikono mitupu yaani hawana mrengo unaoeleweka, basi iwe hata swala moja tu..mfano, kupigania haki ya mazingira, au against Ufisadi ndio swala lao kubwa itaeleweka kwamba wanasimamia maslahi gani na wananchi watawachagua kwa sababu hiyo!

lakini sio sura mkuu wangu hizi habari za kuiuza sura watu wapige kura ni kufilisiana..

Tatizo: Mahakama Kuu ya Tanzania ili-declare baadhi ya Ibara za Katiba ya Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania, 1977 kuwa ni "unconstitutional" - i.e. "the provisions of the constitution are unconstitutional!". Ibara hizo zinahusu mgombea binafsi.

Msimamo wa Serikali ni kwamba kama hali hiyo ya Mahakama kuondoa Ibara za Katiba ikiachwa then mwishowe tunaweza tusiwe na Katiba kabisa.

buchanan;474532]Tatizo: Mahakama Kuu ya Tanzania ili-declare baadhi ya Ibara za Katiba ya Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania, 1977 kuwa ni "unconstitutional" - i.e. "the provisions of the constitution are unconstitutional!". Ibara hizo zinahusu mgombea binafsi. Msimamo wa Serikali ni kwamba kama hali hiyo ya Mahakama kuondoa Ibara za Katiba ikiachwa then mwishowe tunaweza tusiwe na Katiba kabisa.

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Kwa ulewa wangu mdogo si ni mahakama ndiyo inayoweza kutafsiri sheria na kuona kama kuna contradictions (Kukinzana) katika sheria?

Sasa kama kuna ubovu katika katiba nani aisemee? basi serikali ije na hoja ya mahakama ya katiba basi?

By Mkinga Mkinga
The Government is not opposed to having independent candidates run for public office in local government and national elections, Justice and Constitutional Affairs minister Mathias Chikawe says.

Mr Chikawe told The Citizen that reports to the contrary were a distortion of the Government�s real intentions in appealing against a High Court ruling in favour of the recognition of the right of independent candidates to contest civic, parliamentary and presidential elections.

In an exclusive interview in his Dar es Salaam office, Mr Chikawe said no one in the Government felt threatened about the possibility of allowing individuals without political party affiliation to stand as independent candidates for election either as councillors, Members of Parliament or President.

"The Government is not opposed to having private candidates as such. We have only gone to court to protect the Constitution," said Mr Chikawe. He was responding to growing public pressure for the Government to clear the way for individuals interested in running for office in forthcoming elections to stand as independents, if they do not wish to be sponsored by political parties.

The latest call was made over a week ago in form of a resolution passed during a well-attended workshop on politics and governance held in Dar es Salaam.

The delegates, who included representatives of opposition parties and academics, said the time had come for the country to embrace the idea of having private candidates in elections as a means to further enhance democracy.

Representatives of civil society also attended the conference organised by Research and Education for Democracy in Tanzania (REDET) of the University of Dar es Salaam. During the workshop, a member of the National Electoral Commission (NEC), Prof Amon Chaligha, also endorsed the call for the inclusion of independent candidates.

His argument that it was no longer feasible to keep out such candidates was well received. Prof Chaligha called for an amendment of the Constitution to formally endorse the participation of independent candidates.

But during the interview, Minister Chikawe said that by going to court, the Government was only challenging the legality of the High Court ruling that would force constitutional changes.

"We have only differed on a matter of constitutionality, where it's clearly stated that the President and Members of Parliament will come from among members of political parties," the Nachingwea MP said. "What I know is that the amending of the Constitution can only be done by Parliament," the Minister said.

He added: �If the High Court is allowed to force amendments in parts of the Constitution, who will stop it from calling for a repeal of the whole Constitution? That is why, we in government, have appealed the decision." He added: "We don't fear private candidates. Why would anyone fear those who don�t have the people behind them?� The minister said the matter should be left to the Court of Appeal to rule.

It's generally believed that the ruling Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) fears that endorsing independent candidates would lead to the loss of its disgruntled more independent-minded members, who would refuse to toe the party line and still get a chance to run against those favoured by it. This, it is said, would weaken its hold on power.

The Government has been accused of sneaking in an amendment on Section 21(1) of the Constitution by inserting the requirement for candidates to be sponsored by a political party, to circumvent the court�s ruling in 1993 that first granted independent candidates the right to run for office.

It is the same amendment that political reform campaigners and pressure groups now want removed, arguing that it contravenes the Bill of Rights.

Democratic Party chairman Christopher Mtikila, who was the first person to go to court to challenge the ban on private candidates, has twice floored the Government, and has bragged that its Court of Appeal bid will also fail.

The maverick cleric, who in February 2005, went to the High Court to seek the annulment of the law in question, a position that was upheld by a panel of three judges. They ruled in 2006 that the Constitution guarantees the right of citizens to stand as private candidates in an election.

Political observers have questioned why the Government, before "sneaking" in changes in Parliament, did not then mention that the court had no authority to change the Constitution. The ruling party has suffered most of the blame, accused of attempting to muzzle those that it fears among its own ranks by a law viewed as serving political expediency and its narrow interests.

The party has denied the claim even though many of its officials are fervently opposed to calls to introduce independent candidates.

SOURCE: THE CITIZEN

kama mnajiamini mnakubalika mnaogopa nini, nyinyi si nambari wani...kwanini mnataka iwe moja tuuu, isiwe mbili, tatu, nne mbona Benin,wameweza...hapa ishindikane?

Na Kulwa Mzee
Dar leo

SAKATA la mgombea binafsi wa nafasi ya Urais na Ubunge limechukua sura mpya baada ya Jaji Mkuu wa Tanzania, Augustino Ramadhani kupanga majaji saba kusikiliza rufaa iliyokatwa na Serikali kupinga kuwepo kwa mgombea huyo.

Kesi hiyo ni ya aina yake kwani rufaa nyingi husikilizwa na jopo la majaji watatu si saba kama ilivyo kwa rufaa hiyo namba 45 iliyokatwa na Mwanasheria Mkuu wa Serikali dhidi ya Mchungaji Christopher Mtikila.

Rufaa imepangwa kusikiliza Februari 8, mwaka huu mbele ya majaji hao saba wa Mahakama ya Rufaa.

Mchungaji Christopher Mtikila alifungua kesi ya kikatiba namba 10 ya mwaka 2005 katika Mahakama Kuu ya Tanzania akiomba baadhi ya vifungu vya katiba vifanyiwe marekebisho kwa sababu havitendi haki.

Vifungu hivyo ni namba 21(i) kinachosema kwamba bila kuathiri masharti ya Ibara ya 5, 39 na 67 ya katiba na sheria za nchi kuhusina na masharti hya kuchagua na kuchaguliwa au kuteua na kuteuliwa kushiriki katika shughuli za utawala wa nchi, kila raia wa Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanznaia anayo haki ya kushiriki katika shughuli za utawala wa nchi.

Mtu huyo anaweza kushiriki moja kwa moja au kwa kupitia wawakilishi waliochaguliwa na wananchi kwa hiari yao au kwa kuzingatia utaratibu uliowekwa kwa mujibu wa sheria.

Pia kifungu namba 39 (1) kinachosema kwamba mtu hastahili kuchaguliwa kushika kiti cha rais wa Jamhuri ua Muungano isipokuwa ni mwanachama na mgombea aliyependekezwa na chama cha siasa.

Kifungu namba 39 (2) bila kuingilia uhuru wa mtu kuwa na maoni yake, kuamini dini atakayo, kushirikiana na wengine pia kushiriki shughuli za umma kwa mujibu wa sheria za nchi, mtu yoyote hatakuwa na sifa za kuchaguliwa kushika kiti cha Rais kama si mwanachama na mgombea aliyependekezwa na chama cha siasa.

Aliomba kifungu namba 67 pia kifanyiwe marekebisho ambacho kinasema kwamba kwa mujibu wa sheria za nchi ikiwa mtu si mwanachama wa chama chochote cha siasa hatakuwa na sifa za kuchaguliwa na kuteuliwa kuwa mbunge.

Mchungaji Mtikila aliomba vifungu hivyo vifanyiwe marekebisho na Mahakama iruhusu kuwepo kwa mgombea binafsi wa nafasi ya urais na ubunge.

Baada ya kusikiliza maombi hayo Jopo la Majaji watatu akiwemo Jaji Amir Manento Salum Massati na Jaji Mihayo lilitoa hukumu Mei 5, mwaka 2006 na kukubaliana na hoja za Mchungaji Mtikila kwamba vifungu hivyo havitendi haki hivyo vinastahili kufanyiwa marekebisho


My take:
Baada ya kuona sakata la baadhi ya wanaCCM kutaka kumeguka na kuanzisha chama kipya serikali imekuja na mbinu nyingine ya kutuliza hali ya hewa ndani ya chama tawala

kama kuna uwezekano hao majaji wasiwe watanzania!!!