rastamonsta
Member
- Dec 22, 2014
- 70
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Zao hili hata Tanzania hustawi zaidi katika mikoa mingi kama Morogoro,mbeya,iringa, Arusha, Kilimanjaro, na Pia hufanya vizuri katika mikoa ya Pwani endapo utalima kisasa zaidi na kufuata maelekezo ya kitaalamu(Under controlled condition)
AINA YA STRAWBERRY
Aina kuu ni Fragaria genus
Na hapo kwenye Fragaria genus utakutana na;
1. Chandler,
2. Domanil
3. pajaro
4. Douglas
5.Tioga selva
6. Rabunda
7.Tri-Star
8.Tribute
Kila aima ina sifa zake nzuri na mbaya zake pia na ziko za ukanda wa joto sa a na ukanda wa Baridi sana.
KUPATA KUJUA KILA AINA NA SIFA ZAKE
MATUMIZI
Strawberry ina matumizi mengi sana nitataja machache.
1. Kutengenezea Icecream- Mahoteli makubwa huanunua kwa ajili hiyo ya Icecream.
2. Ftesh Juice- Wanunuzi ni Mahoteli na majumbani.
3. Processed Juice- Hii ni juice iliyo packiwa
4. Yogurt- Viwanda vya kusindika maziwa wanatumia sana na ndo wanunuzi wakuu wa haya matunda.
5. Watengeneza keki- Kudecorate keki
6.Decoration kama maua ya kupamboa ukumbini.
7. Manukato
8. Kuliwa kama Freshi fruit
9. Jam
10.Sauces
Kupanda
1.NJIA YA MABOMBA
Ili kuwa na mazao bora ambayo yatakuwezesha kupata soko la uhakika, inashauriwa kuzalisha kwenye nyumba maalumu ya kuzalishia mazao (green house).
1.Katika upandaji wa strawberry kwenye green house Utahitajika kuwa na Mabomba yenye matundu(Plastic Pipe)
Matundu katika bomba hilo yawe na umbali wa inchi 1.
2. Ni vyema matundu hayo yakawa zigzag, ili kuruhusu mimea utakayoipanda kukua vizuri bila kusongamana
3,Tandika karatasi la nylon sakafuni ili kuwezesha maji utakayotumia kunyeshea kurudi kwenye bwawa au
Sehemu ya kuhifadhia.
4.Ning’iniza mabomba hayo kwa kutumia waya.
5.Jaza kokote, yenye mapande makubwa kiasi.
6 .Panda miche kwenye kila tundu kwa uangalifu ili mizizi isikatwe na kokoto zinazoshikilia mmea
2.NJIA YA KITALU CHA NGAZI
3.NJIA YA KITALU CHA MATONE
Umwagiliaji
Mimea ya strawberry inahitaji maji kwa kiasi kikubwa sana. Hii inamaanisha kuwa unahitaji kuwa na mfumo mzuri
wa umwagiliaji kabla ya kuanza kilimo cha zao hili. Unapaswa kumwagilia mara nne kwa siku, kila baada ya saa nne unapaswa kumwagilia kwa robo saa. Hii itawezesha mimea yote kupata maji ya kutosha. Endapo stroberi haitapata maji ya kutosha, uzalishaji wake pia utakuwa ni hafifu sana, kwani maua hayatachanua ipasavyo na hata matunda kukomaa inakuwa ni shida.
Wadudu na magonjwa
WADUDU
Spider (two spotted) mite
- Cluster caterpillar
- Heliothis
- Looper
- Rutherglen bug
- Cutworm
- Aphids
- Queensland fruit fly
Lethal yellows
Mmea ulioathirika unaonyesha dalili zifuatazo;
Majani yaliyokomaa yanakuwa na rangi ya dhambarau na yanajinyonganyonga kwa upande wa juu na kusababisha kuangua chini.
Majani chipukizi yanakuwa na rangi ya njano katika kingo za jani na kupelekea kudumaa kwa kikonyo cha jani. Huu ugonjwa unapunguza nafasi ya jani kushindwa kujitengenezea chakula chake na hivyo mmea kudumaa na kupelekea kufa kwa mmea.
Mnyauko fusari (fusarium wilt)
Huu ugonjwa huunezwa na mbegu zenye huu ugonjwa na husambazwa na vimelea vya fangasi ambavyo vipo kwenye udongo.
Ugonjwa huu hujitokeza Zaidi kwenye kipindi cha kiangazi na hushambulia sehemu za mirija yam mea ya kupitishia chakula hivyo mmea hukosa chakula na maji na hatimaye unyauka na kufa. Na shina la mmea ukipasua ndani unakuta lina rangi ya kahawia.
Kudhibiti
- Tumia mbegu safi na bora.
- Tumia dawa ya kuua wadudu na magonjwa ili kupata mazao mengi na yenye ubora.
- Choma masalia ya mazao ili kudhibiti uenezaji wa ugonjwa
- Chagua mbegu ambayo ina uwezo wa kuhimili magonjwa.
Mdau anaetaka kujua kuhusu kilimo hiki
Hello Jf,
Mimi ni mpenzi wa matunda ya strawberry plain ndani ya yoghurt,jam yake na hata keki za strawberry.Kwasababu niliishi Kenya muda mrefu niliweza kuotesha na mimi miche kadhaa ndani ya beseni na ndoo.Nimefika Dar na nimeshazunguka ya kutosha nikitafuta miche bila mafanikio.Naamini kwamba kuna soko kubwa hapa Dar(Azam,Tangafresh na hata supermarkets) wa kuweza kukuza matunda haya kwa minajili ya kutafuta pesa.
Je kuna yeyote anayejishugulisha anifungue macho kwa kunielekeza sehemu nitakopata mbegu..aina ya Chandler.Thnx
----
Michango ya Wadau
----Strawberry ni moja ya matunda luxury sana ambao mara nyingi sana hulimwa kwa ajili ya ku export nje.
Ila siku za hivi karibun kwa sababu ua kuku wa Middle class na muingiliano na wageni basi utamaduni wa kuyala umekuwa ni mkubwa sana miongoni mwa jamii.
AINA YA STRAWBERRY
Aina kuu ni Fragaria genus.
Na hapo kwenye Fragaria genus utakutana na;
1. Chandler,
2. Domanil
3. pajaro
4. Douglas
5.Tioga selva
6. Rabunda
7.Tri-Star
8.Tribute
Kila aima ina sifa zake nzuri na mbaya zake pia na ziko za ukanda wa joto sa a na ukanda wa Baridi sana.
MATUMIZI
Strawberry ina matumizi mengi sana nitataja machache.
1. Kutengenezea Icecream- Mahoteli makubwa huanunua kwa ajili hiyo ya Icecream.
2. Ftesh Juice- Wanunuzi ni Mahoteli na majumbani.
3. Processed Juice- Hii ni juice iliyo packiwa
4. Yogurt- Viwanda vya kusindika maziwa wanatumia sana na ndo wanunuzi wakuu wa haya matunda.
5. Watengeneza keki- Kudecorate keki
6.Decoration kama maua ya kupamboa ukumbini.
7. Manukato
8. Kuliwa kama Freshi fruit
9. Jam
10.Sauces
13. Madawa na kadhalika.
Strawberry inapenda sana maji kiasi kwamba kama maji ni ya kutafuta kwa tochi basi usijaribu kulima hii kitu.
MBEGU
Strawberry huoteshwa miche yaani yenyewe hutoa miche ambayo huogwa runner na hizo runner huoteshwa tena.
KULIMA
Inakubali maeneo mengi sana isipokuwa maeneo yenye joto kari make haizwezi himili joto la zaidi ya 30c.
SOKO LAKE
Soko lake lipo ila mtu akiamua kutengeneza Jam mwenyewe au Ice cre basi anaweza pata pesa ziadi ya mara 4 ambayo angepata kama angeuza matunda.
MAGAZINES
[h=1]Rich pickings for farmer who turned to strawberry growing[/h]SHAREBOOKMARKPRINTRATING
Mr George Muturi carries strawberries from his farm at Iganjo village in Mathira, Nyeri. Photo/Joseph Kanyi
By BONIFACE MWANGI
Posted Monday, July 23 2012 at 17:33
After many years of incurring losses and taking loans to maintain his vegetable farming business, George Muturi is now earning handsome returns, thanks to a friend who introduced him to strawberry farming four years ago.
The big change in strategy has not only benefited Mr Muturi, but also several families in Iganjo village of Mathira East who are now growing the fruit commercially.
According to the 45-year-old farmer, growing cabbages never earned him as much as he is currently making with the strawberries that he grows on his one-and-a-half acre piece of land.
"I used to make a profit of Sh10,000 to Sh15,000 after every harvest of my cabbages. When you compare this to what I make from strawberries, there is a big difference," he says, even as he urges more farmers to take up the agribusiness.
The father of four says he started growing strawberries after his friend explained the benefits of the fruit over the cabbages. He decided to give the idea a try.
There are basically three types of strawberries; June bearing, Everbearing and Day Neutral.
After his first harvest, he planted more of the Everbearing variety and now he says that he will never go back to vegetable farming unless it is meant for consumption by his family.
Mr Muturi, with the help of four labourers that he hires every day at a cost of Sh200 per person, starts picking the red-ripe berries at noon and by 4pm, they start packing them in small pallets before again packing them in cartons ready to be transported to market.
"We normally harvest them everyday since they ripen very quickly and you can harvest them continuously for three years before uprooting them and planting new ones. But as for the cabbages, they are seasonal as one needs to wait for three months or so to harvest," he says.
On daily basis, Mr Muturi and his crew make sure that they harvest and pack 300-500 pallets of strawberries. He sells each pallet at Sh50 but during the dry spell, he adds Sh10 per pallet because he uses more water to irrigate them unlike the wet season when he relies on rain.
Every month, Mr Muturi says, he earns more than Sh30,000 as profit.
After harvesting and packing the fruit, Mr Muturi who relies on public transport starts his journey to Nairobi to sell the fruit. He gets to the city by 3am.
This, as he says, allows him to reach supermarkets where he sells his produce on time and when his goods are still fresh.
This also gives him enough time to return to his farm and plan for the next trip.
He sells a kilogramme of the berries at Sh150 and on good days, he can sell 200 kilos out of which 120 kilos are from his own farm. To bridge the gap, Mr Muturi buys more berries from about 20 farmers in his neighbourhood.
Peter Njogu is one of the farmers who sell his daily 30kg berries harvest to Mr Muturi and he says were it not that he has a small shamba that he acquired from his father, he will grow straw berries even in more than five acres.
