Mkuu toka lini mimi nikatisha watu! Soma hii hapa chini.
Just twenty years ago, Dr Julius Nyerere -- already the outstanding political figure in his country -- became president of what was then called Tanganyika. It was the first British-ruled territory in East Africa to achieve independence. Its development into the United Republic of Tanzania of today has been largely his creation.SYNOPSIS: Julius Nyerere's leadership has been described as "wise and dynamic". But his programme for economic development in Tanzania on socialist lines is now facing a serious crisis. Dr Nyerere said recently that Tanzanians were poorer now than they were a decade ago. The nations; economy has been stricken by the world recession and by falling production.On December 9, 1962, Tanganyika became a republic and Dr. Nyerere the first president. One year earlier -- after being elected Prime Minister -- he celebrated the birth of the new sate... In honour of "Uhuru", meaning Freedom, the lights blaze out over the capital, Dar-es-Salaam...Nyerere and his Tanganyika African National Union were firmly in power.Tanzania was formed in 1964 from the union of Tanganyika and Zanzibar. President Karume of Zanzibar became first vice-president of the united republic. Eight years later he was assassinated.Independence achieved, President Nyerere started to build socialism in Tanzania. Hard work, self-help and education were what Tanzania had to rely on. The focal point of his rural socialism is the "???jamaa" or cooperative village. These communities have spread fast throughout the country.But big projects like the Tanzania-Zambia railway needed foreign capital. The Chinese government built the railway, enabling Zambia to export its copper without sending it through the former British colony of Rhodesia, now independent Zimbabwe. The massive project was inaugurated in 1970. Three years later, the railway was through to Zambia's border.During a visit to China in 1974, President Nyerere told the late Chairman Mao Tse-tung that African states were forced to choose socialism as their goal. He said this was because "capitalism was incompatible with their commitment to national independence and individual equality." Another visit abroad took the Tanzanian president to London in 1975 to talk about the Rhodesian dispute and other problems. It was Nyerere's first visit to Britain since Tanzania's independence in 1961.In 1979 -- shortly after President Nyerere's troops fought in Uganda against the Idi Amin regime -- his country was visited by Britain's Queen Elizabeth. It was part of controversial tour of black African nations -- many of them opposed the breakaway British colony of Zimbabwe. But the Queen's visit was essentially non-political.Another colourful event, this time in Zanzibar. Tanzania's Vice-President Jumbe attended a ceremony in 1980 opening the island's new House of Representatives. After being ruled by Tanzania for nearly 16 years, Zanzibar now had its first elected parliament.And there was jubilation in Dar-es-Salaam that year when Julius Nyerere took the presidential oath to remain Tanzania's leader. But he said it would be his last five-year term. Since then he has continued to work for African unity.In 1981, three presidents: Milton Obote of Uganda,