gsm

The Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) is a standard developed by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) to describe the protocols for second-generation (2G) digital cellular networks used by mobile devices such as mobile phones and tablets. It was first deployed in Finland in December 1991. By the mid-2010s, it became a global standard for mobile communications achieving over 90% market share, and operating in over 193 countries and territories.2G networks developed as a replacement for first generation (1G) analog cellular networks. The GSM standard originally described a digital, circuit-switched network optimized for full duplex voice telephony. This expanded over time to include data communications, first by circuit-switched transport, then by packet data transport via General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), and Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE).
Subsequently, the 3GPP developed third-generation (3G) UMTS standards, followed by the fourth-generation (4G) LTE Advanced and the fifth-generation 5G standards, which do not form part of the ETSI GSM standard.
"GSM" is a trade mark owned by the GSM Association. It may also refer to the (initially) most common voice codec used, Full Rate.
As a result of the network's widespread use across Europe, the acronym "GSM" was briefly used a generic term for phones in France and in Wallonia, Belgium.

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  1. Dabil

    Hizi timu ni familia ya GSM na Yanga.

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  2. mdukuzi

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  3. Jamii Opportunities

    Electrical Engineer at GSM February 2025

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  4. Chizi Maarifa

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  5. M

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  6. mdukuzi

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  7. M

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  8. Manyanza

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  9. Labani og

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  10. The Burning Spear

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  11. UMUGHAKA

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  12. M

    Yanga inarudi kwa kasi ya Kimondo: Hivi punde zile kelele za GSM anaharibu Ligi zitarudi, wanautwanga si mchezo!

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  13. OMOYOGWANE

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  14. mdukuzi

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  15. E

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  16. J

    Kusherehekea Birthday yake GSM atoa tsh million 60 kujenga Kituo cha Afya cha Kibaigwa!

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  17. Kusini pride

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  18. chiembe

    Nani kati ya GSM na Hersi analitaka jimbo la Kongwa?

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  19. UMUGHAKA

    Kwasasa zile kelele za GSM anaharibu ligi kutoka Simba hazisikiki tena !

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  20. S

    Endeleeniu kuijadili Yanga badala ya kuboresha vikosi vyenu ila msije kusema GSM ananunua marefa

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