The Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) is a standard developed by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) to describe the protocols for second-generation (2G) digital cellular networks used by mobile devices such as mobile phones and tablets. It was first deployed in Finland in December 1991. By the mid-2010s, it became a global standard for mobile communications achieving over 90% market share, and operating in over 193 countries and territories.2G networks developed as a replacement for first generation (1G) analog cellular networks. The GSM standard originally described a digital, circuit-switched network optimized for full duplex voice telephony. This expanded over time to include data communications, first by circuit-switched transport, then by packet data transport via General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), and Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE).
Subsequently, the 3GPP developed third-generation (3G) UMTS standards, followed by the fourth-generation (4G) LTE Advanced and the fifth-generation 5G standards, which do not form part of the ETSI GSM standard.
"GSM" is a trade mark owned by the GSM Association. It may also refer to the (initially) most common voice codec used, Full Rate.
As a result of the network's widespread use across Europe, the acronym "GSM" was briefly used a generic term for phones in France and in Wallonia, Belgium.
Dkt. Mshindo Msolla kwakuwa huna tena Kauli mbele ya Yanga SC baada ya Kukubali 'Kumezwa' na GSM chini yake Injinia Hersi Said nashauri 'jiuzuru' kwani hakuna unachokifanya ( ulichokifanya ) pia.
"Hivi ni kwanini Waandishi wa Habari wa Michezo wa Tanzania mnapenda sana Kuzusha na Kutuchonganisha Yanga SC na Vilabu vyenye hao Wachezaji mnaotuhusisha nao kuwa tumeshawasajili? Ukweli ni kwamba mpaka hivi sasa naongea nawe hivi Yanga SC haijasajili Mchezaji yoyote yule kutoka nchi yoyote na...
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