Mzee Mwanakijiji
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- Mar 10, 2006
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Nimejaribu kutafuta kwa haraka sheria inayokataza pornography katika Tanzania. Najua ipo mahali fulani. Sijui kama ni ile ya utangazaji au ya magazeti au ya ndoa au SOSPA n.k Kama kuna mtu naomba anielekeze kwani kuna jambo muhimu sana nataka niliandikie makala..
THE PENAL CODE, 1980
Traffic in obscene publications
Section 175. ( 1 ),( 3 ),( 4 )
(1) Any person who:
(a) for the purpose of or by way of trade or for the purpose of distribution or public exhibition, makes, produces or has in his possession any one or more obscene writings, drawings, prints, paintings, printed matter, pictures» posters, emblems, photographs, cinematograph -films or any other objects or any other object tending to corrupt morals:
(b) for any of the purposes above mentioned imports, conveys or exports, or causes to be imported, conveyed or exported any such matters or things, or in any manner whatsoever puts any of them in circulation; or
(c) carries on or takes part in any business, whether public or private, concerned with any such matters or things, or deals in any such matters or things in any manner whatsoever, or distributes any of them, or exhibits any of them publicly, or makes a business of lending any of them; or
(d) advertises or makes known by any means whatsoever with a view to assisting the circulation of, or traffic in, any such matters or things, that a person is engaged in any of the acts referred to in this section, or advertises or makes known how, or from whom, any such matters or things can be procured either directly or indirectly; or
(e) publicly exhibits any indecent show or performance or any show or performance tending to corrupt morals,
is guilty of a misdemeanour, and is liable, to imprisonment for two years or to a fine of two thousand shillings.
______________________THE SEXUAL OFFENCES SPECIAL PROVISIONS ACT, 1998-4
Sexual Exploitation of Children
Sect. 12 Amendment of the Penal Code, adding Sect. 138 B ( 1 ),( 2 )
In this section "child" means a person of the age of less than eighteen years.
Any person who:
(a) knowingly permits any child to remain in any promises for the purposes of causing such child to participate in any form of obscene or indecent, exhibition or show;
(b) acts as procurer of a child for the, purposes of any form of indecent exhibition or show;
(c) induces a person to be a client of any indecent exhibition or show, by means of print or other media, oral advertisements or Other similar means;
(d) takes advantage of his influence over, or his relation ship to, a child, to procure the child for any form of sexual abuse or indecent exhibition or show-
(e) threatens, or uses violence towards, a child to procure the children for any form of sexual abuse or indecent exhibition or show,
(f) gives monetary consideration, goods or other benefits to a child or his parents with intent to procure the child for any form sexual abuse or indecent exhibition or show
committs the offence of sexual exploitation of children of not less than five years and not exceeding twenty years.
Tanzania does have several laws which govern that issue of pronography:
SOSPA deals mainly with prostitution perse
News Paper Act (1976) deals mainly with publication of pornagraphic materials(which is about to be repealed) and Broadcasting Act which deals mainly with censorship.
SOSPA is the main source, if you read it carefully it has got all answers for your.
Marriage Act does not cover this area of pornography.
I don't know exactly which area or the main focus of your research( as you can see the laws are scattered all over)
Shadow.
Shadow,
Nisaidie, kwenye hizo Newspaper Act of 1997 na Broadcasting Act of 1976, ni wapi wanaongelea pornography? (Nimeweka attachment ya hizo Acts unionyeshe hizo sections.)
Halafu, nadhani si sahihi kusema SOSP Act "deals mainly with prostitution." Kuna kila aina na namna ya sex-related offenses mle, including child pornography, isipokuwa pornography in general.
Kama nilivyosema hapo juu sheri ya ya magazeti(1976) inampatia waziri husika mamlaka ya kutunga kanuni ambazo zitasimamia ethics na conduct ya wanahabari. Katika kufanya hivyo mamlaka mojawapo ya waziri ni "kucensor" ( kwa tafsiri isiyo sahihi: kulifungia gazeti lolote litakaloenda kinyume na maadili ya uandishi) likiwemo suala la kuchapisha picha za ngono.
Hivyo hivyo bodi ya utangazaji tanzania( soma kuhusu wajibu wa bodi ya utangazaji) utaona moja ya kazi zake ni kufanya censorship ya habari.
Kuhani ukisoma regulations zilizotungwa kusimamia hizo sheria mama ndo utaweza kuona ni namna gani 'censorship' inavyofanyika Tanzania katika jitihada za dola kulinda 'maadili" ya kitanzania.
Kwa hiyo kuna sheria zilizogawanyika katika maeneo mawili katika hili suala la pornography:
Mosi, sheria zinazosimamia na kulinda usambazaji wa habari na kuhakikisha mbali na mambo mengine picha za uchi hazisambazwi Tanzania ( rudia kusoma habari ya vijkarida vya ngono -ubungo)
Pili kuna sheria ya makosa ya jinai (Penal Code) Chapter XV. Offences against morality - kama sheria hii ilivyofanyiwa marekebisho na sheria ya makosa ya kujamiina ya mwaka 1998 (SOSPA).
Hakuna set ya sheria Tanzania ambayo inasimamia kusambaza , kununua au kumiliki pornographic materails.
Sasa wakulu mkisha kubaliana ukweli uko wapi mmoja atoe summary ya makubaliano yenu wanasheria. Maana hoja zenu wote zinafanana na ukweli japo ukweli wenyewe ninyi ndio mnaoujua zaidi. Hapa mi ni mwanafunzi wenu.
Wapi hapo Mzee Shadow?
Sheria za magazeti hizo hapo juu, si utaje sehemu Mkuu! Wapi iliposemwa Waziri ana nguvu ya ku regulate ethics za waandishi wa habari (kitu ambacho wewe unaki equate na porno), wapi Mzee?
Pia kwenye Penal Law, under "Offenses Againts Morality," uliyoitaja, naomba mstari mmoja tu unaongelea porno! (Nime attach Penal Code hapo chini iwe rahisi kwako ku copy and paste mstari. Kama zimerekebishwa na SOSP Act, na hiyo nayo nimeiweka hapo chini tuweze kuona ni wapi SOSP Act ime amend chapter XV of Penal Code ikaongelea prohibition of Porno).
Mwisho, japo si mwisho wa yote, una maana gani "Hakuna set ya sheria Tanzania ambayo inasimamia kusambaza , kununua au kumiliki pornographic materails"? Ningependa kujua kama, na ni wapi, wamefuta sheria inayokataza "Traffic in Obscene Publication" iliyoandikwa Section 175 of the Penal Code.
Section 53, Newspaper Act, 1976
The Minister may make regulations for the better carrying into effect the purposes and provisions of this Act, and without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing, may make regulations:
(a) prescribing the forms of registers, returns, applications notices and bonds, and other forms to be used under this Act;
(b) prescribing the particulars and other matters to be entered in the registers:
(c) prescribing the place and manner of keeping copies of newspapers delivered to the Registrar under this Act, or the manner in which and the purposes for which any such copies shall, consistently with the purposes and provisions of this Act, be dealt with or disposed of;
(d) prescribing the information to be furnished to the Registrar by way of periodical return or otherwise;
(e) prescribing the particulars and matters to be published by the Registrar and the manner of such publication;
(f) prescribing the fees which may be levied under this Act,
(g) Prescribing anything which under this Act is to be or may be prescribed.
Traffic in Obscene Publication
Penal Code, Sect. 175 (1 )
Any person who:
(a) for the purpose of or by way of trade or for the purpose of distribution or public exhibition, makes, produces or has in his possession any one or more obscene writings, drawings, prints, paintings, printed matter, pictures» posters, emblems, photographs, cinematograph -films or any other objects or any other object tending to corrupt morals:
(b) for any of the purposes above mentioned... in any manner whatsoever puts any of them in circulation; or
(c) carries on or takes part in any business, whether public or private, concerned with any such matters or things... or distributes ...or exhibits...in public
(d) advertises or makes known by any means whatsoever with a view to assisting the circulation of, or traffic in, any such matters or things…
(e) publicly exhibits any indecent show or performance or any show or performance tending to corrupt morals,
is guilty of a misdemeanour, and is liable, to imprisonment for two years or to a fine of two thousand shillings.
Naomba ni modify swali nzima ili lilenge kitu ambacho natafutia jibu; Ni sheria gani ina regulate pornography? Msisitizo wangu hasa ni kujaribu kuangalia issue kama hii:
a. Mke na Mume wakipiga picha za utupu au za mambo yao ya ndoa na wao wakapeana picha hizo, mmoja wao akikutwa nayo itakuwa ni porn kwa misingi ya sheria mlizonukuu?
b. Binti wa kike zaidi ya miaka 18 ambaye hafanyi kitendo chochote cha kingono na akapiga picha ya kuonesha maumbile yake kumtumia rafiki yake wa kiume, mchumba n.k na mtu mwingine akainasa picha ile atakuwa amevunja sheria yoyote ile?
Naomba ni modify swali nzima ili lilenge kitu ambacho natafutia jibu; Ni sheria gani ina regulate pornography? Msisitizo wangu hasa ni kujaribu kuangalia issue kama hii:
a. Mke na Mume wakipiga picha za utupu au za mambo yao ya ndoa na wao wakapeana picha hizo, mmoja wao akikutwa nayo itakuwa ni porn kwa misingi ya sheria mlizonukuu?
b. Binti wa kike zaidi ya miaka 18 ambaye hafanyi kitendo chochote cha kingono na akapiga picha ya kuonesha maumbile yake kumtumia rafiki yake wa kiume, mchumba n.k na mtu mwingine akainasa picha ile atakuwa amevunja sheria yoyote ile?
Mwanakijiji, Heshima yako,
Kifungu cha 175(a)(d) cha sheria ya jinai Kinaweza kutumika kuwatia matatani watuhumiwa kwani ni kazi kuweka kwa mtuhumiwa kuonyesha kwamba hakuwa na nia ya kusambaza picha hizo kwa mujibu wa vifungu hivyo viwili.
175.(1) Any person who
(a) for the purpose of or by way of trade or for the purpose of
distribution or public exhibition, makes, produces or has in his
possession any one or more obscene writings, drawings, prints,
paintings, printed matter, pictures» posters, emblems, photographs,
cinematograph -films or any other objects or
any other object tending to corrupt morals: or
....
d) advertises or makes known by any means whatsoever with a
view to assisting the circulation of, or traffic in, any such
matters or things, that a person is engaged in any of the acts
referred to in this section, or advertises or makes known
how, or from whom, any such matters or things can be
procured either directly or indirectly;
Nadhani nawapata vizuri sana. Vipi kuhusu Privacy ya mtu chumbani/nyumbani kwake? kama mtu yuko katika chumba chake na mkewe au wapenzi wawili na mtu (a pervert) au vinginevyo anarekodi hayo na kuyachapa kwenye kwenye vyombo vya habari. Najua sheria itakayomshtaki msambazaji, lakini wale watu wenyewe (mke na mume, wapenzi) wana legal recourse gani ya kutetea privacy yao na hata ikibidi kulishtaki gazeti au chombo kilichotangaza mambo yao ya chumbani?
Kulitokea kesi dhidi ya uendeshaji madanguro, sikumbuki walitumia sheria gani. Kama mpaka Monday utakuwa hujapata, I'll be in a better position kukupatia references.