Sheikh Mwinyi Aboud Jumbe (born 1920) was a politician in Zanzibar. He held several positions, including the second president of Zanzibar, chairman of the Revolutionary Council, Vice-President of the Union, and the vice-chairman of the Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) party.[1]
Jumbe served as president of Zanzibar from 11 April 1972 until 30 January 1984. He succeeded Abeid Karume as president, following Karume's assassination on April 7, 1972. He was initially elected by the Revolutionary Council as a part of the Afro-Shirazi Party (ASP). While he was in office, in 1977, the two ruling parties of Tanzania merged. In particular, the ASP and the Tanganyika African National Union (TANU), merged to create Tanzania's ruling party, the CCM.[2]
In 1979, Jumbe introduced the first post-revolution constitution of Zanzibar. This separated the powers of the Revolutionary Council and the House of Representatives. Furthermore, the new constitution established elections by universal suffrage, instead of being elected by the Revolutionary Council.[2]
A list of Tanzanian leaders since gaining independence on 9 December 1961
Tanganyika/Tanzania
Tanganyika Territory became independent within the Commonwealth of Nations on 9 December 1961 (with Queen Elizabeth II of Britain as Head of State, with a Governor-General to representing her). Tanganyika was proclaimed a Republic on 9 December 1962. The United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar was declared on 26 April 1964, formed from the merger of the Republic of Tanganyika and The People's Republic of Zanzibar. The final transition occurred on 29 October 1964 when it became the Republic of Tanzania.
Governor-General of Tanganyika Territory
9 Dec 1961 - 9 Dec 1962 Richard Gordon Turnbull
President of Republic of Tanganyika
9 Dec 1962 - 26 Apr1964
Julius Kambarage Nyerere TANU
President of the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar**
26 Apr 1964 - 29 Oct 1964 Julius Kambarage Nyerere TANU***
President of Republic of Tanzania
29 Oct 1964 - 5 Nov 1985
Julius Kambarage Nyerere TANU/CCM
5 Nov 1985 - 23 Nov 1995 Ali Hassan Mwinyi CCM
23 Nov 1995 - 21 Dec 2005 Benjamin William Mkapa CCM
21 Dec 2005 - present Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete CCM
Zanzibar
Zanzibar gained its independence as a Sultanate on 10 December 1963, and was proclaimed the People's Republic of Zanzibar on 12 January 1964 following a coup. On 26 April 1964 it merged with the Republic of Tanganyika to become the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar. Although Zanzibar and Tanzania are united, Zanzibar continues to have its own president.
Sultan of Zanzibar
1 Jul 1963 - 12 Jan 1964 Jamshid ibn Abd Allah
President of People's Republic of Zanzibar
12 Jan 1964 - 26 Apr 1964 Abeid Amani Rashid Karume ASP
President of Zanzibar
26 Apr 1964 - 7 Apr 1972 Abeid Amani Rashid Karume ASP
11 Apr 1972 - 30 Jan 1984 Mwinyi Aboud Jumbe ASP/CCM
30 Jan 1984 - 24 Oct 1985 Ali Hassan Mwinyi CCM
24 Oct 1985 - 25 Oct 1990 Idris Abdul Wakil CCM
25 Oct 1990 - 8 Nov 2000 Salmin Amour CCM
8 Nov 2000 - Nov 2010 Amani Abeid Karume CCM