Kuwafanyia watoto DNA test

[TIMING]

Vipi kama unapima na kukuta kuna 50% chance ya kupata cancer mbaya, wengine wanasema inaweza kuku empower kuanza kuishi lifestyle itakayoikabili hiyo chance, wengine watasema bora nisijue niishi maisha yangu bila woga ambao unaweza hata usitimilishwe na ugonjwa.

This is exactly why we need DNA, watu hufikiria partenity test pekee lakini wataalam wanaangalia hata any risk factor around au certain potentials

This is what i told mamsap kwamba ni lazma tujue mtoto amelean upande upi ili tu-explore potentials na threats zake kwa faida yake

DNA is underrated in our societies

 

[TIMING]

Lakini Mkuu, ushuhuda wa nini? Wewe umelea mimba mpaka mtoto amezaliwa, ina maana siku zote ulikuwa na wasiwasi na mimba ya mtoto husika. Au unataka u-create fear situation kwa mkeo hasitoke nje ya ndoa?

Mimi ni tomaso na sihesabu mahindi kwa kuona migage yake... navuna halafu nafanya hesabu!!!

 

[Serendipity]

Hii kitu inafanywaga kwa siri bila mama kujua, na ukikuta wote sio wako taratibu unaondoka unamwachia mama nyumba.

Inategemea watoto wana umri gani na bondi yako (baba na watoto).
Mi nadhani kama ungekapima hako katoto tangu kakiwa kachanga ili kieleweke kabla hamjaanza kujenga bond (Parenting).
Kama watoto washakuwa wakubwa, na umepima ukakuta kwa bahatimbaya sio wako, nadhani ni bora uwe mjinga tu na ukubali yaishe. Au usipime kabisa.
PILI, Kama mmekuwa mkiishi wewe, mkeo na mdogo wako wa kiume mliozaliwa na baba mmoja, na kama alikumegea mkeo, basi kuna uwezekano hao watoto wakaonekana ni wa kwako, na kiukweli ni wa huyo mdogo wako.

 

[SMU]

mkiishi wewe, mkeo na mdogo wako wa kiume mliozaliwa na baba mmoja, na kama alikumegea mkeo, basi kuna uwezekano hao watoto wakaonekana ni wa kwako, na kiukweli ni wa huyo mdogo wako.

Ila kweli hapa panaweza kuwa na utata!? Kuna makabila mengine wanapenda kuacha wake zao kwa wazazi wao na wao wanakuja mjini kutafuta na matokea baba anamega mkamwana!

 

[TIMING]

All in all, mimi nadhani DNA ni muhimu hasa katika dunia ya leo

unaweza hata kujua mwelekeo wa mtoto kutokana na genes zake, waweza kujua kabisa ameegemea upande gani na hivyo kuibua talents na kujiandaa kuzuia baadhi ya magonjwa ya urithi

DNA sio kwa partenity pekee, hata records za watoto wetu zinaweza kutumika badae kwenye forensic nk. kumbukeni data za NDA zinahifadhiwa na huwa matching inafanyika kwenye identification ya watu au matukio

assume mwanao kapotea, au msukule, akirudi you just have to confirm with DNA, ya fingerprints yamepitwa na wakati

Sadly, wengi tulizama kwenye infidelity kwasababu ndio maisha yetu yalivyo, yamekaa ki-mikasimikasi tu!

 

[Gang Chomba]

Aliyelala na bibi harusi siku moja kabla ya harusi na tena si bwana bado mnanishauri harusi???

Mademu hawaaminiki.
Kama unaweza kuchat na kicheche chako kisha ukakifuata kwenye harusi kikiwa na jamaa yake kisha ukakinyofoa kikatoka nje bila jamaa yake kujua kilipokwenda, then ukakidumbukiza kwenye gari na kukimega...Basi ukae ukijua hata wewe unaweza fanyiwa hivyo hivyo, na ndo hapo sasa watu wanapiga goli la Maradona la mwaka 1986...

So kupima DNA ni lazima.

 

[TIMING]

mkuu hilo ndilolinalogomba kwa sababu hicho kipimo cha DNA hakikuwekwa eti ilikitumike kupima tu.....ni gharama na pili lazima kuwa na a justifiable case kwa nini ukafanye icho kipimo. Kisha counseling huwa inakuwepo kabla.

Sasa kwa nini nifanye DNA? tuanzie hapo,

Mkuu, DNA test ni ID test kama fingerprints etc

Tusiweke dhana ya partenity pekee jamani, DNA hutumika hata kusaidia kuzuia baadhi ya magonjwa

Mh, kweli elimu zaidi juu ya faida za DNA inahitajika

 

[Sipo]

Hivi DNA inaweza pia kusaidia kwenye mirathi na urithi? I mean pale penye utata

 

[Sajenti]

MTM kuna rafiki yangu wa karibu sana hata kama anasoma hapa atagonga thanks. Alimgusia mkewe wakafanye DNA kwa vile mtoto katoka very black na the head is too big, na masikio makubwa wakati jamaa ni mweupee na mke wake mweupe, alimnunia kama siku 2 analia tu na hata hakula mchungaji ndio aliyemaliza ugomvi kwa kumwaambia "AMINI TU NI WAKO"

Usifanye DNA kama yafuatayo yamewahi kutokea kwako.

1. Kusafiri hata kwa wiki 12. Kama una house boy
3. Kama mkeo yuko serikalini/bandarini na amewahi kusafiri/kufanya kazi za shifti.
4. kama ni mwanakwaya(hapa ndio kuna utata na kuna hitaji thread)
5.................
6..................

Mh!! Hapo kwenye safari mazee ni pazito sana. Nafikiri nitafanyia kazi ushauri wako!!!

 

[Dark City]

Mkuu, DNA test ni ID test kama fingerprints etc

Tusiweke dhana ya partenity pekee jamani, DNA hutumika hata kusaidia kuzuia baadhi ya magonjwa

Mh, kweli elimu zaidi juu ya faida za DNA inahitajika

MTM, naona sasa umejaribu kupanua wigo wa mada yako. Hadi naondoka jana tulikuwa tunajadili partenity testing. Kama unapanua ili kuongeza wigo siyo mbaya tutajadili.
Naomba nianze na partenity testing then huko mbeleni nitaongelea genetic screening (ambayo kwa maoni yangu ni topic tofauti).
Kuna sababu nyingi sana zinazoweza kuwafanya wanandoa au wapenzi kuomba au kuombewa kufanya paternity testing. Kubwa ni hizi hapa!
1. Kutafuta suluhu ya migogoro katika mahusiano. Hapa ina maana kuwa baba ana wasi wasi kwamba mtoto au watoto siyo wake au mama anaona anasakamwa na mume wake (wakati yeye ana uhakika kuwa mtoto ni wa huyo baba), basi wanaweza kuomba kifanyike kipimo kwa kutumia DNA. Sampuli ya mtoto, baba na mama huchukuliwa na kufanyiwa kipimo. Hapa kuna utata mkubwa wa jinsi ya kushughulikia suala hili. Nakumbuka yalitokea mabishano makubwa wakati wa mjadala wa suala hili pale kwa Mkemia Mkuu wa serikali kuhusu utaratibu wa kufuata ili kipimo kifanyike. Mwongozo ambao Mkemia Mkuu wa Serikali alitakiwa kutoa/kufuata ni kuwa lazima vipimo viombwe na ustawi wa jamii. Na pia Ustawi wa Jamii ndio wapewe majibu kwa ajili ya kuwapatia wahusika. Hili lililenga kupunguza nafasi ya wahusika kuingilia mchakato wa vipimo (kwa rushwa au inducements zingine) na pia kuangalia nini kifanyike (eg counseling) kabla ya kupewa majibu.
2. Kwa ajili ya kupata ushahidi mahakamani. Hapa ilishauriwa kuwa Mahakama itoe amri kwa Mwanasheria Mkuu wa serikali kufanya kipimo hicho na majibu yapelekwe mahakamani. Kesi ya Mahita ilitakiwa kufuata mkondo huu.
3. Kuomba vipimo kwa hiari. Hili linawezekana lakini ni gumu sana kutekeleza. Mkemia Mkuu wa serikali aliombwa kutoshughulikia maombi ya namna hii. Hii ni kwa sababu hatakuwa na uwezo wa kuthibiti yanayoweza kujitokeza endapo vipimo vikitoka kinyume na marajio ya wahusika.

Sasa ndugu yangu MTM inabidi utueleze, kama unataka kufanya hicho kipimo una sababu ipi kati ya hizo au zingine ambazo sikuzitaja? Na je, mmekubaliana na mkeo au mwenzio kufanya hicho kipimo. Kumbuka, kumpima mtoto bila hiari ya mama yake ni kosa na anaweza kukufungulia kesi mahakamani.

 

[Dark City]

Hivi DNA inaweza pia kusaidia kwenye mirathi na urithi? I mean pale penye utata

Una maana gani?

DNA is a genetic material kwa hiyo ndugu wanachangia hiyo kitu kwa kiwango tofauti (according to the degree of relatedness). Kila mazazi anachangia kiasi cha 50% kwa mtoto wake na watoto wa baba na mama mmoja wanashea 50%. Mapacha wanaofanana (identical twins) wanashea 100%. Sasa mirathi na urithi inakuwaje hapo?

 

[Sipo]

Una maana gani?

DNA is a genetic material kwa hiyo ndugu wanachangia hiyo kitu kwa kiwango tofauti (according to the degree of relatedness). Kila mazazi anachangia kiasi cha 50% kwa mtoto wake na watoto wa baba na mama mmoja wanashea 50%. Mapacha wanaofanana (identical twins) wanashea 100%. Sasa mirathi na urithi inakuwaje hapo?

What i meant ni kwamba pale inapotokea watoto fulani kuambiwa sio wa Baba fulani kwahiyo hawastahili urithi wa Baba huyo. Je DNA kama ilifanyika inaweza kusaidia au ndio itazua balaa zaidi kama ikigundulika kuwa sio watoto wa Baba yule?

 

[TIMING]

What i meant ni kwamba pale inapotokea watoto fulani kuambiwa sio wa Baba fulani kwahiyo hawastahili urithi wa Baba huyo. Je DNA kama ilifanyika inaweza kusaidia au ndio itazua balaa zaidi kama ikigundulika kuwa sio watoto wa Baba yule?

Yes inaweza kutumika

 

[Dark City]

What i meant ni kwamba pale inapotokea watoto fulani kuambiwa sio wa Baba fulani kwahiyo hawastahili urithi wa Baba huyo. Je DNA kama ilifanyika inaweza kusaidia au ndio itazua balaa zaidi kama ikigundulika kuwa sio watoto wa Baba yule?

Mkuu hilo ni suala la kimahakama na sheria zinazosimamia mambo ya ndoa ziko wazi. Ndiyo, DNA inaweza kutumika kwa amri ya mahakama. Lakini kuna vitu ambavyo sheria ya ndoa ya 1972 ilishaweka wazi tu. Kadri ya sheri hiyo, mtoto wa nje ya ndoa hawezi kurithi mali za marehemu baba yake. Na kama amezaliwa ndani ya ndoa ila hakuwa mtoto wa marehemu, lakini hadi marehemu anakufa alijua ni mwanae hiyo itakuwa kesi nzuri sana kuisikiliza kwani itategemea hoja za wanasheria. Ila kwa maoni yangu, huyo mtoto atarithi tu kwani anayetaka apimwe siyo marehemu (ambaye alikuwa na mamlaka ya mwisho kuhusu hizo mali) bali ni watu wengine ambao nao wanataka nafasi ya kuwa wasimamizi wa mirathi.

 

[Sipo]

Mkuu hilo ni suala la kimahakama na sheria zinazosimamia mambo ya ndoa ziko wazi. Ndiyo, DNA inaweza kutumika kwa amri ya mahakama. Lakini kuna vitu ambavyo sheria ya ndoa ya 1972 ilishaweka wazi tu. Kadri ya sheri hiyo, mtoto wa nje ya ndoa hawezi kurithi mali za marehemu baba yake. Na kama amezaliwa ndani ya ndoa ila hakuwa mtoto wa marehemu, lakini hadi marehemu anakufa alijua ni mwanae hiyo itakuwa kesi nzuri sana kuisikiliza kwani itategemea hoja za wanasheria. Ila kwa maoni yangu, huyo mtoto atarithi tu kwani anayetaka apimwe siyo marehemu (ambaye alikuwa na mamlaka ya mwisho kuhusu hizo mali) bali ni watu wengine ambao nao wanataka nafasi ya kuwa wasimamizi wa mirathi.

Nimekuelewa vizuri sana DC. Thanks

 

[TIMING]

Lakini kama sio kukosa uaminifu, kwanini akina mama hawaipendi DNA test?

 

[Dark City]

Lakini kama sio kukosa uaminifu, kwanini akina mama hawaipendi DNA test?

MTN, nadhani tatizo lako linatokana na kuangalia upande mmoja. Lazima ujenge hoja na ikubalike upande mwingine kwa nini kuna ulazima (au hata umuhimu) wa kufanya partenity test. Kama ni genetic screening hicho ni kitu kingine. Nijaribu kukiongelea baadaye kidogo, nikipata muda.

Sasa wewe unataka kufanya partenity test kwa sababu ipi? Kama ni kuhakikisha kama watoto wote ni wako au la, ina maana wewe na mkeo tayari mna ugomvi juu ya hilo. Kama hakuna basi hata sababu yenyewe ya kupima haipo. Hili ni suala la kisaikolojia na siyo dogo.

 

[Kituko]

unajua kwa mwenendo kama huu inabidi hata wakati wa kuoana DNA itumike kujua vinasaba vya wanadoa kwani kunaposibilities ya watu kuoana KAKA na DADA, nadhani ingekuwa kama wanavyosema watu wapime ngoma kabla ya kuoana bac na DNA iwepo pia

 

[Dark City]

Mkuu, DNA test ni ID test kama fingerprints etc

Tusiweke dhana ya partenity pekee jamani, DNA hutumika hata kusaidia kuzuia baadhi ya magonjwa

Mh, kweli elimu zaidi juu ya faida za DNA inahitajika

MTN, This is the other part of DNA testing, though broader than DNA testing.

Genetic screening
Screening involves assessing the couple's family history and, if needed, analysis of blood or tissue samples. Genetic screening is used to determine whether a couple is at increased risk of having a baby with a hereditary genetic disorder. Any couple can request genetic screening, but screening is particularly recommended when one or both partners know they have a genetic abnormality, when family members have a genetic abnormality, or when partners belong to a high-risk ethnic group. Genetic screening involves assessing the couple's family history and sometimes undergoing blood tests or genetic tests.
Family History Assessment
To determine whether a couple has an increased risk of having a baby with a genetic disorder, doctors ask the couple about the following:

• Disorders that family members have had
• The cause of death in family members
• The health of all living first-degree relatives (parents, siblings, and children) and second-degree relatives (aunts, uncles, and grandparents)
• Miscarriages, stillborn babies, or babies who have died soon after birth
• Babies with birth defects
• Intermarriages among relatives (which increases the risk of having the same abnormal gene)
• Ethnic background (certain groups are at higher risk of certain disorders)

Information about three generations is usually needed. If the family history is complicated, information about more distant relatives may be needed. Sometimes doctors review the medical records of relatives who may have had a genetic disorder.
Carrier Screening
Carriers are people who have an abnormal gene for a disorder but who do not have any symptoms or visible evidence of the disorder.
People can be carriers if the abnormal gene is recessive—that is, if two copies of the gene are needed to develop a disorder (see Genetics: Recessive Disorders).
Only women can carry an X-linked (sex-linked) recessive gene. Women have two X chromosomes. Thus, on the other X chromosome, the corresponding gene may be normal and protect women from developing the disorder. (Because men have only one X chromosome, all men who have an abnormal X-linked recessive gene have the resulting disorder, which is often fatal early in life.)
Carrier screening involves testing people who do not have symptoms but are at higher risk for carrying a recessive gene for a particular disorder. Risk is higher when one or both partners have a family history of certain disorders or have characteristics (such as ethnic background or racial or geographic group) that increase the risk of having certain disorders. However, screening is done only if the following criteria are also met:

• The disorder is very debilitating or lethal.
• A reliable screening test is available.
• The fetus can be treated, or reproductive options (such as abortion or elective sterilization) are available and acceptable to the parents.

In the United States, examples of disorders that meet these criteria include sickle cell anemia, the thalassemias, Tay-Sachs disease, and cystic fibrosis.
Carrier screening usually consists of analyzing the DNA from a blood sample. But sometimes a sample of cells from the inside of the cheek is analyzed. People provide the sample by swishing a special fluid in their mouth, then spitting it into a specimen container, or by rubbing a cotton swab inside their cheek.
If carrier screening indicates that both partners have a recessive gene for the same disorder, they may decide to have prenatal diagnostic testing. That is, the fetus may be tested for the disorder before birth. If the fetus has the disorder, treatment of the fetus may be possible, or termination of the pregnancy may be considered.


Source: http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec22/ch256/ch256b.html

Also, read more from: [ame]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_testing[/ame]


Since genetic testing may open up ethical or psychological problems, genetic testing is often accompanied by [ame="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_counseling"]genetic counseling[/ame].

 

[Ndahani]

msukumo wangu ni kupima kila mtoto kwa sababu ya kujiridhisha ila naona wamama wamekuwa wakali sana

Ni nzuri kujua ila nakushauri ufanye hivyo kabla mtoto hajakuwa mkubwa maana unaweza kuleta kimbunga cha kufa mtu, especially unapoona mama anapinga kwa nguvu zote kujua nani ni baba halisi wa mtoto.
Things happen, kwahiyo hata kina mama hapa na pale nao huwa wanatoka nje, na hasa siku hizi.Inakuwaje sasa mtu akimegwa halafu akajikuta amebeba na mimba ya jamaa?Kulea mtoto sio wako ilikuwa njema zamani.siku hizi njia bora ya kufanya hivyo ni ku adopt.Issue inakuja je kama utakuwa sio baba wa watoto are you going to adopt them so that life could go on?