Naomba unieleweshe utofauti wa Voltage na Current

[dronedrake]

Tuachane na bulb tuseme kwenye heater ya kuchemshia maji

'current' ndio inaleta effect sio 'voltage',

ndio maana zile topic form-4 nadhani zinasema, heating effect of electric current, lighting effect of electric current and chemical effect of electric current ( electrolysis ) hakuna waliposema heating effect of electric voltage

najua kwamba voltage ina push electrons 'tuli' , ziwe in motion ( moving electrons=current ) na kazi yake imeishia hapo, 'current' ina take over kuleta 'effect' kwenye load (bulb au heater) husika


jua kuna source za aina mbili, 'constant voltage source' na 'constant current source'

a. 'constant voltage source' iko common sana, jenereta za tanesco, kwenye izi battery, zote ni constant voltage generator/source , ambapo load ( bulb au heater) itavuta current na kuleta 'effect' mf: mwanga au joto

so voltage ikizidi, current itazidi ( provided load impedance ipo unchanged ) , mwanga utazidi kua bright au joto la heater litaongezeka,

lakini kumbuka , izo nyaya na parts zingine ziko rated na maximum current itakayo handle, ukizidisha voltage sana beyond the limit, current itapanda beyond the limit na kuunguza kama ni nyaya au parts zengine za heater/bulb

kinyume chake, ukipunguza voltage, current inapungua, mwanga utakua dim au kama ni joto la heater litapungua pia


b. 'constant current source' matumizi yake yapo limited, si rahisi kukutana nazo sana, ila zipo hasa wenye mfumo wa kuchaji battery ya simu ( baadhi ya simu ) ,

battery ikiwa na charge ndogo, voltage yake inapungua, so itavuta 'charging current' kubwa kuichaji , matokeo yake battery inakua ya moto , na ikiwa inajaa , voltage ya batt inapanda , 'charging current' inashuka, matokeo yake battery inachelewa kujaa

kukwepa ilo wanaweka izo 'constant current source', kwa maana battery iwe na chaji isiwe nayo itavuta 'charging current' ileile na ujaaji unakua 'uniform'

sasa ukitumia 'constant current source' kwenye bulb au heater lengo lako litakua ni nini hasa , maana izo 'current source' zinatumika kwenye zile 'loads' zenye kubadilika 'impedance' zikiwa zina operate mf: battery being charged

 

[Pastory Kimaryo]

Yeah, uliza tu ndugu

Ikitokea fluctuations voltage ikipanda(current nayo ikapanda) bulb itafanyaje? Au voltage ikipungua (current ikipungua) je bulb itafifia?

 

[Lupweko]

Ikitokea fluctuations voltage ikipanda(current nayo ikapanda) bulb itafanyaje? Au voltage ikipungua (current ikipungua) je bulb itafifia?

Kwa kuwa load (resistance) ni constant, fluctuation yoyote ya voltage itavary (almost) proportional na current

 

[Pastory Kimaryo]

Kwa kuwa load (resistance) ni constant, fluctuation yoyote ya voltage itavary (almost) proportional na current

Elezea effect ya bulb

 

[Pastory Kimaryo]

Kwa kuwa load (resistance) ni constant, fluctuation yoyote ya voltage itavary (almost) proportional na current

Elezea effect ya bulb

 

[God is Dead]

Voltage in terms of potential difference au emf
Current=Q/t

 

[God is Dead]

Kwa kuwa load (resistance) ni constant, fluctuation yoyote ya voltage itavary (almost) proportional na current

Ohms law

 

[Lupweko]

Elezea effect ya bulb

Bulb ita-dim kwa kupungua na kuongezeka mwanga kama kuna fluctuation ya voltage. Assumption yangu ni kwamba unazungumzia incandescent lamp. Kama ndivyo, ni kwamba voltage ikipungua na heat energy ambayo hubadilishwa kuwa light energy nayo itapungua, and hence light energy nayo itapungua kwa hiyo utaona bulb ime-dim. Vivyo hivyo voltage ikiongezeka. Hata hivyo kuna minimum na maximum values za voltage zinazoweza kuendelea kukufanya uone hata hiyo fluctuation, maana ikiwa below minimum haitawaka kabisa, na ikiwa above maximum itaunguza filament

 

[wakurochi]

Voltage ni chanzo cha umeme, ambapo ukubwa wake unapimwa kwa unit inayoitwa volts. Tunaposema chanzo maana yake ni kwamba kuna points mbili zinazolinganishwa (ambapo kwa lugha nyepesi tuziite live vs neutral, au positive vs negative), moja inakuwa katika potential kubwa na nyingine katika potential ndogo. Kadiri tofauti ya potential (potential difference) inavyokuwa kubwa kati ya hizo point mbili, ndivyo ukubwa wa voltage unavyoongezeka

Current ni mtiririko wa chaji za umeme. Ili umeme utiririke ni lazima kifaa kinachotumia umeme (load) kiunganishwe katika points mbili za voltage zilizoelezewa hapo juu. Bila kuunganishwa, hakuna current itakayotiririka. Current huwa inaamuliwa na uwepo wa load. Ukubwa wa current unapimwa na kasi ya utiririkaji wa chaji za umeme. Kasi kubwa maana yake current kubwa. Kinachotofautisha kasi ya utiririkaji kati ya load moja na nyingine ni ukinzani (resistance) iliyomo ndani ya load husika. Kama load ina ukinzani mkubwa, current inakuwa ndogo, ukinzani mdogo current kubwa. Hapo tunachukulia chanzo cha umeme (voltage) haijabadilishwa, ipo ile ile. Similarly, kwa load ile ile, current itaongezeka ukiongeza voltage, na itapungua ukipunguza voltage

Duu thanks, hata ni nimeelewa ila hii sentensi


"Current huwa inaamuliwa na uwepo wa load"

Usidhani rahisi kuielewa kivile kwa layman.

Shukrani.