Review of War Against the People - Israel, the Palestinians and Global Pacification by Jeff Halper, published by Pluto Press, November 2015
By Clare Short
This is a difficult but important book. Jeff’s thesis is and that the world is moving into a new kind of warfare. He argues that as transnational capitalism has expanded over the whole world, corporate and political elites have had to secure control – or hegemony – against constant resistance. He claims that is the rich get richer, the experience of the vast majority of people worldwide becomes one of impoverishment. I'm not sure that this claim stands up to empirical scrutiny but there is no doubt that inequality is spreading everywhere. He concludes that military, security, police and prison system have therefore assumed a central role. The new form of warfare is securocratic as states rarely fight each other and the security challenge is to contain resistance and protest, thus the title of his book “War Against the People".
He says that his book began with the question he and others have asked many times: "How does Israel get away with it… how is Israel able to sustain a half century occupation of the Palestinians, a people it violently displaced in 1948, in the face of almost unanimous international opposition… why indeed does the international community tolerate an unnecessary conflict… that severely disrupts the international system as a whole?"
He points out that Chomsky and others have argued that the US had to control the Middle East oil resources and Israel and Arab dictatorships help to hold down the local population to the US benefit. After 9/11 it was argued that Israel provide crucial support in the “War on Terror". But both James Baker and General Petraeus have pointed out that the US cannot achieve its aims in the Middle East without resolving the Israeli/Palestinian conflict. And how can we explain the EU constantly upgrading its relations with Israel, including funding of major Israeli weapons projects? How do we explain many countries that traditionally supported the Palestinians, like India and China, which until the 1990s didn't even have diplomatic ties with Israel, are now major trading partners in the military and security sector? Why indeed was Israel allowed to reject the two-state solution?
These questions led Jeff to look more widely and notice that Israel had diplomatic relations with 157 countries and that almost all the agreements and protocols contained military and security components. His conclusion is that Israel has used its military and security prowess to create authority that gives it a strong role in international system. The Occupation and the endless conflict create a strong international standing for Israel and causes other countries to queue up to learn from its experience. He even concludes that the Occupation is a resource for Israel as a testing ground for the development of weapons, security systems and models of population control that other countries want. Israel is a small country that has carved out a crucial niche for itself in the international military/industrial complex.
He goes on to suggest that activists worldwide, resisting injustice and oppression in multifarious ways, pay too little attention to military and security systems. He therefore focuses down on the detail of Israel's arms and security industry and its exports in order to make his case – that modern capitalism is Palestinianising the whole world; and that this this makes Israel a crucial resource in providing equipment and knowledge to enable countries to boost their security systems to contain protest and resistance.
The quantities of detail of Israel's production and export of weapons and security systems is tedious reading for people like me. But the detail of Israeli strategies and systems for maintaining control in the Occupied Territories is fascinating and it is terrifying how carefully planned and thought out is the use of constant and growing violence and oppression.
In interviews Jeff makes it clear that he is writing as an activist on the Israeli/Palestinian question but he believes that all activists on various issues need to unite in searching for an explanation of the current situation across the world, so that they can combine to challenge the way in which the framework of the modern capitalist system is oppressing people everywhere. He even says that if we solve the Israel/Palestinian conflict more troubles will pop-up elsewhere. He's trying to spell out the way in which the $2 .5 trillion per annum military and security system is having an enormous impact on the world. He is building on his work on the Israeli/Palestinian conflict over many years to point out the systems of oppression are being universalised and that the security/terrorism issue is becoming a priority everywhere. In short the whole world is being Palestinianised. There is a threat to Civil Liberties everywhere.
It is not clear whether Jeff's major call it's all to unite behind the one state solution in Palestine with full rights for all people in order to bring to an end the destabilisation Middle East and the threat to Civil Liberties everywhere or whether the priority is to unite to resist modern capitalism’s securitisation of our lives. But his thesis, if not fully convincing, is powerful and important. His book should be read and reflected on as we try to work out how to move the world forward from the very troubling state it has got itself into.