Wakati Marekani kwa miaka kadhaa ikitumia mabilioni ya pesa kwenye vita, China imekuwa ikiwekeza mabilioni kwenye R&D (Research & Development)
Matokeo yameanza kuonekana sasa, utawala wa Marekani na nchi za Magharibi umezidiwa na China kwenye technology breakthrough (methods, systems, and devices which are the result of scientific knowledge being used for practical purposes)
China inaongoza katika critical technology (technology useful in many applications) 37 kati ya 44 zilizoangaziwa. Na hizi teknolojia 44 zimegawanywa kwenye makundi 7:
1. Advanced materials and manufacturing
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2. Artificial intelligence and communications
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3. Energy and environment
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4. Quantum
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5. Biotechnology, gene technology and vaccines
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6. Sensing, timing and navigation
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7. Defence, space, robotics and transportation;
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