el nino

El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a global climate phenomenon that emerges from variation in winds and sea surface temperatures over the tropical Pacific Ocean. Those variations have an irregular pattern but do have some appearance of cycles. The occurrence of ENSO is not easily predictable. It affects the climate of much of the tropics and subtropics, and has links (teleconnections) to higher-latitude regions of the world. The warming phase of the sea surface temperature is known as "El Niño" and the cooling phase as "La Niña". The Southern Oscillation is the accompanying atmospheric oscillation, which is coupled with the sea temperature change.
El Niño is associated with higher than normal sea level air pressure over Indonesia, Australia and across the Indian Ocean to the Atlantic Ocean. La Niña has roughly the reverse pattern: high pressure over the central and eastern Pacific and lower pressure through much of the rest of the tropics and subtropics. The two phenomena last a year or so each and typically occur every two to seven years with varying intensity, with neutral periods of lower intensity interspersed. El Niño events can be more intense, but La Niña events may repeat and last longer.
A key mechanism of ENSO is the Bjerknes feedback (named after Jacob Bjerknes in 1969) in which the atmospheric changes alter the sea temperatures that, in turn, alter the atmospheric winds in a positive feedback. Weaker easterly trade winds result in a surge of warm surface waters to the east and reduced ocean upwelling on the equator. In turn, this leads to warmer sea surface temperatures (called El Niño), a weaker Walker circulation (an east–west overturning circulation in the atmosphere) and even weaker trade winds. Ultimately, the warm waters in the western tropical Pacific are depleted enough so that conditions return to normal. The exact mechanisms that cause the oscillation are unclear and are being studied.
Each country that monitors the ENSO has a different threshold for what constitutes an El Niño or La Niña event, which is tailored to their specific interests.
El Niño and La Niña affect the global climate and disrupt normal weather patterns, which can lead to intense storms in some places and droughts in others. El Niño events cause short-term (approximately one year in length) spikes in global average surface temperature, while La Niña events cause short term surface cooling. Therefore, the relative frequency of El Niño compared to La Niña events can affect global temperature trends on timescales of around ten years. The countries most affected by ENSO are developing countries that are bordering the Pacific Ocean and dependent on agriculture and fishing.
In climate change science, ENSO is known as one of the internal climate variability phenomena. Future trends in ENSO due to climate change are uncertain, although climate change exacerbates the effects of droughts and floods. The IPCC Sixth Assessment Report summarized the scientific knowledge in 2021 for the future of ENSO as follows: "In the long term, it is very likely that the precipitation variance related to El Niño–Southern Oscillation will increase". The scientific consensus is also that "it is very likely that rainfall variability related to changes in the strength and spatial extent of ENSO teleconnections will lead to significant changes at regional scale".

View More On Wikipedia.org
Recent contents
  1. SanArt

    JamiiForums Tanzania Kwa hili jua El-Nino yaja kabisa

    Hili jua ni Clear sign kuwa El Nino iko njiani Ila swali wanaoishi bondeni atakuwa na ahuweni? Sisi wa mbagala rangi tatu tu toka salama kweli? Tuzidi kuomba El Nino isiwe kali na niishie pwani isifike Dar. Na watu hata they don't care mitaro michafu kinanuka, mazingira ovyo.
  2. A

    JamiiForums Tanzania Gerson Msigwa: El Niño, ni kuongezeka kwa joto

    Msemaji Mkuu wa Serikali na Katibu Mkuu wa Wizara ya Habari, Utamaduni, Sanaa na Michezo, Gerson Msigwa, amewataka Watanzania kuwasikiliza wataalamu wa hali ya hewa kuhusu suala la El Niño, kufuatia mijadala inayoendelea katika jamii kuhusu ongezeko la joto nchini. Msigwa ameyasema hayo jana...
  3. Tlaatlaah

    JamiiForums Tanzania Huenda athari na madhara ya El nino yakawa makubwa na mabaya zaidi maeneo ya Pwani hususani katika jijini la Dar es Salaam

    Na hii ni kutokana na mizaha, dhihaka na dharau za kiwango cha juu sana dhidi ya tahadhari zinazotolewa na mamlaka husika pengine zaidi hata ya wale waliokua wakimdhihaki Nuhu wakati akijenga safina kujiepusha na gharika. Tayari baadhi ya mikoa kama vile Kigoma, Manyara na kanda ya ziwa...
  4. R

    JamiiForums Tanzania Think deep: Walijua for sure, El Nino italeta maafa ya Jua Kali, ambapo huwezi " kupiga hela", wakasingizia Mvua kubwa

    THINK A BIT DEEP: Kwa auto drive mode ambayo TANGANYIKA inapitia, nasema kuna uwezekano mkubwa, " Wapigaji" ie wezi wa hela za umma, walijua kuwa El Nino this time itakuwa JUA KALI. Kwa muktadha huo huwezi KUIBA HELA. Unafanyaje? Unadanganya kuwa El Nino itakuwa ya mvua kubwa na hivyo inahitaji...
    • Retired
    • Thread
    • el nino hela jua kali kubwa kupiga maafa mvua mvua kubwa
    • Replies: 3
    • Forum: Jukwaa la Siasa
  5. Ponjoro wa Kinondoni

    JamiiForums Tanzania Huenda Chivayo Aliuawa na El Nino

    Wataalamu wanasema El nino sio mvua bali ni ongezeko kubwa la joto baharini linelopelekea mabadiliko makubwa katika mifumo ya hali ya hewa. Wanasema madhara yake yanaweza kuwa mvua kubwa, kimbunga, ukame nk. Kuna shemeji yangu anaitwa Chivayo juzi kati amepata ajali ya helicopter akafa yeye...
  6. Ponjoro wa Kinondoni

    JamiiForums Tanzania Kwenye hizo bilioni 730 za ElNino mimi naombeni bilioni 30 tu

    Wakuu kuna kipengele hapa natakiwa kupata bilioni kadhaa chap. Sasa kwakuwa mvua za El Nino ni kama zimekaidi, naomba Samia aniwekee bilioni 30 kwenye account yangu ili nivuke hiki kikwazo. Bilioni 700 zitakazobaki mtaamua kama taifa mzifanyie nini mimi msinijumuishe huko kabisa. Kama kuweka...
  7. Lavit

    JamiiForums Tanzania Kwenye hili suala la El Nino ndiyo utagundua Watanzania wengi uwezo wa kufikiri uko chini sana!

    Kuna mambo yanaendelea humu mitandaoni mpaka unakaa unajiuliza Watanzania uwezo wa kufikiri ni mdogo hivi? Toka TMA wameanza kutoa updates kuhusu El nino wamekuwa wakikutana na kejeli za kila aina na nyingine kutoka humu humu Jf kwa watu wanajiita Great Thinkers! Ujue katika dunia ya sasa suala...
  8. Bujibuji Simba Nyamaume

    JamiiForums Tanzania El Nino ni nini?

    El Niño ni hali ya asili ya mabadiliko ya mfumo wa hali ya hewa na bahari ambayo hutokea wakati halijoto ya uso wa bahari inapopanda juu ya wastani katika eneo la kati na mashariki la kitropiki katika Bahari ya Pasifiki. Maana na Asili ya Jina Neno la Kihispania: Jina El Niño linamaanisha...
  9. figganigga

    JamiiForums Tanzania Morogoro: Serikali yatuma Wataalamu kwenda kumhoji Kakakuona kama kuna mvua ya El nino yenye Maafa

    Kakakuona aloonekana Kilosa kasema kwamba mvua zitanyesha za Kilimo. Hivyo Watanzania Mumehimizwa kumzingatia Kakakuona. Mnyama aina ya Kakakuona ameonekana katika kata ya Kimamba,Kilosa ,mkoani Morogoro. Wazee wa wilaya hiyo wamefanya mila ya kumuwekea vitu mbali mbali ambapo atakachochagua...
    • figganigga
    • Thread
    • el nino kakakuona kumhoji kwenda maafa morogoro mvua serikali wataalamu
    • Replies: 38
    • Forum: Jukwaa la Siasa
  10. Binti wa zamani

    JamiiForums Tanzania Kuna mambo ni ya kupuuzia ila hili la El nino siyo moja wapo - Tujikumbushe yaliyotokea 1997/1998 ⛈

    El niño ya 1997/1998 ilikukuta ukiwa wapi? Tuachane na propaganda za wanasiasa, inawezekana wengi hamfahamu au mlikua wadogo kukumbuka, ngoja niwarudishe mwaka 1997/1998 ambapo nilishuhudia maafa makubwa ya El nino na mama yangu mzazi aliponea chupuchupu kupoteza maisha baada ya daraja kati ya...
  11. L

    JamiiForums Tanzania Soma Hapa Uelewe na Kupata Ufahamu Juu ya Maana ya El Nino. Na Kwanini Serikali imechukua Tahadhari ikiwepo kufunga Shule Mapema .

    Ndugu zangu Watanzania, El Niño maana yake ni nini? El Niño ni hali ya mabadiliko ya hali ya hewa inayotokea pale maji ya bahari ya Pasifiki katika ukanda wa ikweta yanapokuwa na joto zaidi kuliko kawaida. Hali hii hubadilisha mifumo ya mvua na joto katika maeneo mbalimbali duniani, ikiwemo...
  12. masopakyindi

    JamiiForums Tanzania TMA ya sasa siyo ya mstaafu Dr Kijazi, mvua za El Nino zimekataa utabiri.

    Si haba tumepata utabiri wa mvua kubwa za El Nino toka TBA. Lakini jua ndio linawaka balaa! Nakumbuka enzi za mama Dr Kijazi wa Hali ya Hewa(TMA) ilikuwa kabla hajamaliza kuongea, mvua pwaaaa..!
  13. C

    JamiiForums Tanzania TMA: El nino ipo tena kubwa

    Mamlaka ya Hali ya Hewa Tanzania (TMA) imesisitiza mvua kubwa za El Nino zipo na zitakuwa kubwa kuliko zilizotangulia. Mkurugenzi Mkuu wa TMA, Dk Ladislaus Chang’a alisema El Nino inaendelea kuimarika na itaendelea kuimarika mwezi ujao na kumairika huko kunadhihirishwa na kuongezeka kwa kiwango...
  14. ChoiceVariable

    JamiiForums Tanzania Watanzania Wanawadai EL Nino, Viongozi wa Dini Wadai Walifunga na Kuomba El Nino Isije na TMA wanasema El Nino ilianza mwezi wa 5. Tushike la Nani?

    My Take Tushike lipi? https://www.instagram.com/reel/DevpsREotHp/?psln=ZXdlbzlocTFxODEy Kutoka Kwa TMA wao wanasema El Nino ilishaanza Toka mwezi wa 5. https://www.instagram.com/reel/DexIUhdsYeW/?obrf=MWhuZXZzbGpiY2NodA== My Take 2 Watanzania ndio watu pekee Duniani wanaoombea wapate majanga...
  15. R

    JamiiForums Tanzania Jua linaua kila mmea, halafu TMA wanasema kuna El Nino

    Kuleni hizo 700+ billion na maisha yaendelee
  16. figganigga

    JamiiForums Tanzania Kuna uwezekano ikanyesha Mvua ya damu Tanzania El nino hii.. Serikali koppleni Mabilioni tena

    Salaam Wakuu Serikali imekopa Mabilioni ya hela kkutoka bank ya maendeleo ya Afrika ili kukabiliana na Mvua za El nino. Sasa hela zilizokopwa za El nino zimeisha kabla ELninyo haijaanza. Na mvua ya Safari kii nasikia ni ya ya damu. Mnakumbuka mauaji ya 29.10.2025? Ndivyo damu inavyo fanana kwa...
  17. M

    JamiiForums Tanzania Vipi mvua za El nino zimeanza huko?

    Vipi mvua za El nino zimeanza huko? Maana walisema wiki za kwanza wa mwezi wa 10
  18. R

    JamiiForums Tanzania Malisa: Serikali ituambie Bilioni 730 za El Nino ni kiasi gani kimetumika hadi sasa? na kimetumikaje?

    Kupitia ukurasa wake wa Mtandao wa Instagram Godlisten Elisante Malisa amehoji kuhusu Fedha ambazo Serikali ilisema imetenga kwa ajili ya Mvua za El Nino zimetukaje hadi sasa "Naomba kuuliza kati ya Naomba kuuliza kati ya Bilioni 730 ambazo serikali ilisema imetenga kwa ajili ya kukabiliana na...
  19. I

    JamiiForums Tanzania Tusifanye swala la El nino kuwa la kisiasa, tusiwabeze TMA

    Katika siku za hivi karibuni, kumekuwa na mijadala mingi kuhusu tahadhari ya mvua za El Niño iliyotolewa na Mamlaka ya Hali ya Hewa Tanzania (TMA). Baadhi ya wananchi wameanza kuibeza TMA na hata Serikali kwa sababu mvua zilizotabiriwa kuanza mwanzoni mwa Oktoba hazijanyesha katika maeneo mengi...
  20. R

    JamiiForums Tanzania Umejiandaaje na project gani na wewe kupata mgao wa bilioni 700 za El Nino? Sisi tunarekebisha madaraja!

    Bilioni 730 za El Nino ije is8je lazima "zitafunwe". Wewe umebuni mradi gani? Safisha mitaro, rekebisha madaraja, chimba mitaro mipya kuchepusha maji, bomoa nyumba zilizo karibu na njia za maji, mabinde, mito etcetc. BUNI MRADI
    • Retired
    • Thread
    • el nino gani kupata madaraja mgao project wewe
    • Replies: 2
    • Forum: Jukwaa la Siasa

Our Community

Coming Soon

Regional Communities

Coming Soon
Back
Top Bottom
Menu
Forums
New posts
Log in
Register