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Chanzo: East Africa RadioUtafiti wabaini kuwa wanaume wafupi wana wivu kuliko wanaume warefu
2008-03-13 16:31:25
Na EAR Habari
Utafiti uliofanywa na wanasayansi wa Kidachi, umebaini kuwa wanaume wafupi wana wivu mno kuliko wanaume warefu.
Watafiti hao wamesema kuwa wanaume huwa na wasiwasi dhidi ya wenzao wenye mvuto, matajiri ama wenye msuli, na hali hiyo huwatokea mno wanaume wafupi kuliko wanaume warefu.
Tofauti na wanaume, wanawake wao huwa na wivu kwa wenzao ambao ni wazuri na wenye mvuto, huku hali hiyo ikiwatokea wanawake wote kwa usawa bila ya kujali kama ni mrefu ama mfupi.
SOURCE: EAR
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Short man syndrome really does exist, Oxford University finds
Short man syndrome really does exist, Oxford University academics have found, after a study showed feeling smaller makes people paranoid, distrustful and scared of others.
Scientists used virtual reality technology to reduce the height of volunteers travelling on a computer-simulated Tube train by 10in (25cm).
The experience of being shorter increased reports of negative feelings, such as being incompetent, dislikeable or inferior.
It also heightened levels of mistrust, fear and paranoia. Height-reduced participants were more likely to think someone else in the virtual train carriage was deliberately staring, thinking badly about them, or trying to cause distress.
Researchers believe the findings demonstrate the psychologically detrimental effect of experiencing social situations from a position closer to the ground.
Professor Daniel Freeman, who led the Medical Research Council-funded study, said: "Being tall is associated with greater career and relationship success.
"Height is taken to convey authority, and we feel taller when we feel more powerful. It is little wonder then that men and women tend to over-report their height.
"In this study we reduced people's height, which led to a striking consequence: people felt inferior and this caused them to feel overly mistrustful. This all happened in a virtual reality simulation, but we know that people behave in VR as they do in real life.
"It provides a key insight into paranoia, showing that people's excessive mistrust of others directly builds upon their own negative feelings about themselves.
The important treatment implication for severe paranoia that we can take from this study is that if we help people to feel more self-confident then they will be less mistrustful.
Participants in the study experienced the same simulated tube journey twice, once at their normal height and the second time from the perspective of someone 10in (25cm) shorter.
On both journeys, the other virtual passengers in the carriage were programmed to be "neutral" and not do anything to provoke feelings of fear or mistrust.
Generally the lowering of height was not consciously registered by the volunteers, but its effects were unmistakable.
"The results were very clear: lowering of height led to more negative evaluations of the self compared with others and greater levels of paranoia," said the scientists writing in the journal Psychiatry Research.
The findings were said to lend support to previous studies linking height and social status, and show how low self-esteem can lead to paranoid thoughts.
Professor Hugh Perry, who chairs the MRC Neurosciences and Mental Health Board, said: "For people whose lives are affected by paranoid thinking, this study provides useful insights on the role of height and how this can influence a person's sense of mistrust."
Chanzo: The Telegraph - UK
Zaidi, gazeti la Mirror linaandika:
Longer lives
Lots of studies show that shorter people live longer.
Recent research analysing the lives of 500 males born between 1866-1915 on the Italian island of Sardinia showed those below 5ft 4in lived an average two years longer than taller men.
The study, led by Prof Michel Poulain from Belgium and Dr Luisa Salaris of the University of Cagliari in Italy, suggested the reasons included lower DNA damage, greater cell replacement potential and greater efficiency of heart-pumping.
Other studies show shorter women live longer too.
In fact the worlds longest-lived humans are Japanese women, whose average height is 5ft 2ins.
Studies on mice, ponies and monkeys also showed smaller ones lived longest.
Intelligence
Taller people are likely to be more intelligent, according to several studies.
Research in 2006 at Princeton University found as early as three... taller children perform significantly better in cognitive tests.
Last year a team at the University of Colorado found that the link between height and intelligence was down to breeding.
They showed that clever people are more likely to choose taller people as partners and vice versa.
As height and intelligence are both seen as attractive, the two tend to reinforce each other when the partners have children, said study chief Matthew Keller.
Not just in humans but in animals, traits that are sexually attractive tend to be correlated.
"Animals high on one sexually selected trait are often high on other ones.
Research also shows that a girls extra height in childhood is a stronger predictor of higher intelligence than it is for boys.
Money
A 6ft man can expect to earn 1.5% more than a 5ft 10ins colleague, a study found.
Researchers at the University of Sydney compared the wage packets of 20,000 people using indicators including weight and height, and found increased height translated into more cash on average although this was more marked in men than women.
Andrew Leigh, one of the report authors, said: The wage gain from another two inches is approximately equal to one more year of labour market experience.
Perhaps this has to do with status.
"Having greater respect for taller people might be inadvertently leading to higher wages, he said.
Or perhaps it is because of discrimination, with shorter people getting the same treatment in the labour market that women and minorities experienced in the past.
Ambition
Shorter women are less ambitious, say academics at St Andrews and Stirling universities.
They found they are more likely to start a family than focus on their career.
Researchers questioned 1,220 women from the UK, US, Canada and Australia and found the taller females were less broody, had fewer children and were more ambitious.
They were also likely to have their first child at a later date.
They speculated that tall women had more testosterone,which could translate into more male traits.
Clinical psychologist Dr Miriam Law Smith said: Men in all cultures are taller than women and height must therefore be an indicator of greater physical masculinity.
The physiology of the body controls the psychology of the mind.
Although many believe there is an opposite effect with men that the Napoleon Complex gives a shorter guy more drive to succeed, there is little solid research that backs it up with scientific data.
Better life partners
Tall men earn more, are brighter and have more kids but shorter blokes make better husbands.
A study asked women to pick their ideal height difference for both short and long-term relationships from couple photos.
The findings, published in Biological Psychology, found tall men were twice as popular for flings than for long-term relationships.
Psychologist Dr Nick Neave said: The real leaders of the pack tend to not be very nice people.
"You dont want them around kids and they can be violent and leave you for someone else.
Children
It might not be much of a surprise considering that they also have increased intelligence and earning power, but tall men are more likely to be fathers.
In 2000 researchers in Liverpool and Poland found fathers in a group of 3,201 Polish men were on average nearly an inch-and-a-half taller than those who had never had children.
The only exception was shorter men who were born in the 1930s.
They benefited when the Second World War lowered the numbers of all young men available.
The study concluded: There is active selection for stature in male partners by women.
Other research shows that shorter females are more family-focused and less ambitious and therefore tend to have more children then tall women.
Happiness
A US poll of more than 454,000 adults found the taller ones live better lives.
The study at Princeton University found taller people were more likely to experience happy emotions.
And men who gave their lives the worst possible rating were more than three-quarters of an inch shorter than average.
Report co-author Angus Deaton (who is 6ft 4in) says the result is linked to the fact that taller people tend to have a better education and therefore higher income levels.
The data also suggests that shorter men need a 29% pay rise to give them the same life satisfaction.