NTSC na PAL ni nini vitu hivi?

NTSC na PAL ni nini vitu hivi?

King Octavian

King Octavian

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Habari wakuu, naomba mwenye uelewa wa concepts hizo hapo tajwa atufafanulie zaidi kwa kiswahili, maana ni vitu ambavyo nimekutananavyo mara nyingi kwenye computer, tv na dvd player, lakini bado nina ka ukungu kidogo kuhusu hasa
i.Ni nini maana yake
ii. vina kazi gani
iii.vina fanyaje kazi
 
Hizo ni Color systems kwaajili ya Video.

inavyofanya kazi:
huu ni mpangilio unaotakiwa kupatana katika vifaa ya kupiga picha za video, vifaa ya kuchanganya picha za video(Video processing) pamoja na vifaa ya kuonesha video.

kama video ilichukuliwa katika mfumo wa NTSC 4.43 basi TV itakayoonesha video hiyo ni lazima iwe katika mfumo huo huo wa NTSC 4.43 (Unaweza kuweka manually au ukaweka AUTO). Vivyo hivyo kwa picha zilizo katika mfumo wa PAL, NTSC XX,SECAM,MESECAM.

endapo picha ipo katika PAL na wewe ukaset TV au DVD player kwenye MESECAM basi utapata picha Mbovu, isiyokuwa na Rangi za kueleweka.

hivyo basi: ili kupata picha yenye rangi halisi, ni lazima mfumo wa video ufanane na mfumo wa TV (au kifaa kinachoonesha hiyo picha)

Mifumo mikuu ya rangi ni pamoja na PAL x,SECAM,MESECAM,NTSC x (PAL na NTSC zipo nyingi).

King Octavian said:
Habari wakuu, naomba mwenye uelewa wa concepts hizo hapo tajwa atufafanulie zaidi kwa kiswahili, maana ni vitu ambavyo nimekutananavyo mara nyingi kwenye computer, tv na dvd player, lakini bado nina ka ukungu kidogo kuhusu hasa
i.Ni nini maana yake
ii. vina kazi gani
iii.vina fanyaje kazi
Click to expand...
 
ymollel said:
Hizo ni Color systems kwaajili ya Video.

inavyofanya kazi:
huu ni mpangilio unaotakiwa kupatana katika vifaa ya kupiga picha za video, vifaa ya kuchanganya picha za video(Video processing) pamoja na vifaa ya kuonesha video.

kama video ilichukuliwa katika mfumo wa NTSC 4.43 basi TV itakayoonesha video hiyo ni lazima iwe katika mfumo huo huo wa NTSC 4.43 (Unaweza kuweka manually au ukaweka AUTO). Vivyo hivyo kwa picha zilizo katika mfumo wa PAL, NTSC XX,SECAM,MESECAM.

endapo picha ipo katika PAL na wewe ukaset TV au DVD player kwenye MESECAM basi utapata picha Mbovu, isiyokuwa na Rangi za kueleweka.

hivyo basi: ili kupata picha yenye rangi halisi, ni lazima mfumo wa video ufanane na mfumo wa TV (au kifaa kinachoonesha hiyo picha)

Mifumo mikuu ya rangi ni pamoja na PAL x,SECAM,MESECAM,NTSC x (PAL na NTSC zipo nyingi).
Click to expand...

Nashukuru mkuu kwa ufafanuzi mzuri, naomba niongezee maswali

iv. upi ni mfumo bora zaidi kati ya NTSC na PAL

v. Nini tofauti za kitaalam za NTSC na PAL
 
King Octavian said:
Nashukuru mkuu kwa ufafanuzi mzuri, naomba niongezee maswali

iv. upi ni mfumo bora zaidi kati ya NTSC na PAL

v. Nini tofauti za kitaalam za NTSC na PAL
Click to expand...
NTSC- National Television System Committee
Ni mfumo wa urushaji na uonyeshaji wa picha kwenye TV ambao ulivumbuliwa 1941 huko USA,wakati huo ukiwa unatumika kwa TV za B/W na baadaye kuboreshwa kwa kuongezewa rangi 1953,lakini rangi yake inakuwa si nzuri (phase shifting) signal zikiwa hafifu, udhaifu ambao ulionwa na mataifa ya Ulaya ambayo yaliamua kubuni mfumo ambao ni bora zaidi kwenye uonyeshaji wa picha ya rangi kwenye TV. Kampuni ya Telefunken ya Ujerumani iliamua kuanzisha mfumo mwingine usiokuwa na madhaifu kama ya NTSC na kuupa jina la PAL- Phase Alternating Line. Hivvyo, PAL ni bora kuliko NTSC kwa kuwa ina rangi nzuri kuliko NTSC.

TOFAUTI:
[TABLE="width: 434"]
[TR]
[TD="width: 428, colspan: 2, align: center"]
N T S C
National Television System Committee
​
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 234"]Lines/Field[/TD]
[TD="width: 188"]525/60[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 234"]Horizontal Frequency[/TD]
[TD="width: 188"]15.734 kHz[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 234"]Vertical Frequency[/TD]
[TD="width: 188"]60 Hz[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 234"]Color Subcarrier Frequency[/TD]
[TD="width: 188"]3.579545 MHz[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 234"]Video Bandwidth[/TD]
[TD="width: 188"]4.2 MHz[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 234"]Sound Carrier[/TD]
[TD="width: 188"]4.5 MHz
[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]
​

[TABLE="width: 462"]
[TR]
[TD="width: 456, colspan: 4, align: center"]
P A L
Phase Alternating Line
​
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 125, align: center"]SYSTEM[/TD]
[TD="width: 105, align: center"]
PAL​
[/TD]
[TD="width: 101, align: center"]
PAL N​
[/TD]
[TD="width: 107, align: center"]
PAL M
​
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 125"]Line/Field[/TD]
[TD="width: 105, align: center"]625/50[/TD]
[TD="width: 101, align: center"]625/50[/TD]
[TD="width: 107, align: center"]525/60
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 125"]Horizontal Freq.[/TD]
[TD="width: 105, align: center"]15.625 kHz[/TD]
[TD="width: 101, align: center"]15.625 kHz[/TD]
[TD="width: 107, align: center"]15.750 kHz[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 125"]Vertical Freq.[/TD]
[TD="width: 105, align: center"]50 Hz[/TD]
[TD="width: 101, align: center"]50 Hz[/TD]
[TD="width: 107, align: center"]60 Hz
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 125"]Color Sub Carrier[/TD]
[TD="width: 105, align: center"]4.433618 MHz[/TD]
[TD="width: 101, align: center"]3.582056 MHz[/TD]
[TD="width: 107, align: center"]3.575611 MHz[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 125"]Video Bandwidth[/TD]
[TD="width: 105, align: center"]5.0 MHz[/TD]
[TD="width: 101, align: center"]4.2 MHz[/TD]
[TD="width: 107, align: center"]4.2 MHz[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 125"]Sound Carrier[/TD]
[TD="width: 105, align: center"]5.5 MHz[/TD]
[TD="width: 101, align: center"]4.5 MHz[/TD]
[TD="width: 107, align: center"]4.5 MHz[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]

Na nyinginezo kama PAL I/D/K
Penye dukuduku, uliza.
 
King Octavian said:
Habari wakuu, naomba mwenye uelewa wa concepts hizo hapo tajwa atufafanulie zaidi kwa kiswahili, maana ni vitu ambavyo nimekutananavyo mara nyingi kwenye computer, tv na dvd player, lakini bado nina ka ukungu kidogo kuhusu hasa
i.Ni nini maana yake
ii. vina kazi gani
iii.vina fanyaje kazi
Click to expand...

Raia naona wameshuka nondo za uhakika tu hapo juu kingine labda niongezee tofauti ya PAL na NTSC nyingine ni frame rate per second. Kwenye PAL frames 25 per second hupita kuipa brain yako illusion ya motion tofauti na NTSC ambapo frame 29 per hupita kukupa illusion ya motion. Kabla ya mambo ya digital hayajaingia ilikuwa ukienda kununua tv, video player au video camera lazima ujue nchini mwako mnatumia PAL au NTSC vinginevyo unaingia hasara. Ukichukua video kwa mfumo wa NTSC ukarusha kwenye mitambo ya PAL ya ITV au TBC lazima utapata effect ya picha kuruka au kutokuwa synchronized na sauti maana kunakuwa kuna ongezeko la frame 4 ambazo zinajaribu kubanwa kwenye system ya 24 frames per second hivyo kuumiza macho. Kwa bongo sisi ni PAL system ingawa siku hizi sio big deal sababu ya mambo ya digital. Hope imesaidia.
 
alpha1 said:
NTSC- National Television System Committee
Ni mfumo wa urushaji na uonyeshaji wa picha kwenye TV ambao ulivumbuliwa 1941 huko USA,wakati huo ukiwa unatumika kwa TV za B/W na baadaye kuboreshwa kwa kuongezewa rangi 1953,lakini rangi yake inakuwa si nzuri (phase shifting) signal zikiwa hafifu, udhaifu ambao ulionwa na mataifa ya Ulaya ambayo yaliamua kubuni mfumo ambao ni bora zaidi kwenye uonyeshaji wa picha ya rangi kwenye TV. Kampuni ya Telefunken ya Ujerumani iliamua kuanzisha mfumo mwingine usiokuwa na madhaifu kama ya NTSC na kuupa jina la PAL- Phase Alternating Line. Hivvyo, PAL ni bora kuliko NTSC kwa kuwa ina rangi nzuri kuliko NTSC.

TOFAUTI:
[TABLE="width: 434"]
[TR]
[TD="width: 428, colspan: 2, align: center"]
N T S C
National Television System Committee​
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 234"]Lines/Field[/TD]
[TD="width: 188"]525/60[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 234"]Horizontal Frequency[/TD]
[TD="width: 188"]15.734 kHz[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 234"]Vertical Frequency[/TD]
[TD="width: 188"]60 Hz[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 234"]Color Subcarrier Frequency[/TD]
[TD="width: 188"]3.579545 MHz[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 234"]Video Bandwidth[/TD]
[TD="width: 188"]4.2 MHz[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 234"]Sound Carrier[/TD]
[TD="width: 188"]4.5 MHz[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]
​

[TABLE="width: 462"]
[TR]
[TD="width: 456, colspan: 4, align: center"]
P A L
Phase Alternating Line​
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 125, align: center"]SYSTEM[/TD]
[TD="width: 105, align: center"]
PAL​
[/TD]
[TD="width: 101, align: center"]
PAL N​
[/TD]
[TD="width: 107, align: center"]
PAL M​
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 125"]Line/Field[/TD]
[TD="width: 105, align: center"]625/50[/TD]
[TD="width: 101, align: center"]625/50[/TD]
[TD="width: 107, align: center"]525/60[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 125"]Horizontal Freq.[/TD]
[TD="width: 105, align: center"]15.625 kHz[/TD]
[TD="width: 101, align: center"]15.625 kHz[/TD]
[TD="width: 107, align: center"]15.750 kHz[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 125"]Vertical Freq.[/TD]
[TD="width: 105, align: center"]50 Hz[/TD]
[TD="width: 101, align: center"]50 Hz[/TD]
[TD="width: 107, align: center"]60 Hz[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 125"]Color Sub Carrier[/TD]
[TD="width: 105, align: center"]4.433618 MHz[/TD]
[TD="width: 101, align: center"]3.582056 MHz[/TD]
[TD="width: 107, align: center"]3.575611 MHz[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 125"]Video Bandwidth[/TD]
[TD="width: 105, align: center"]5.0 MHz[/TD]
[TD="width: 101, align: center"]4.2 MHz[/TD]
[TD="width: 107, align: center"]4.2 MHz[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 125"]Sound Carrier[/TD]
[TD="width: 105, align: center"]5.5 MHz[/TD]
[TD="width: 101, align: center"]4.5 MHz[/TD]
[TD="width: 107, align: center"]4.5 MHz[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]

Penye dukuduku, uliza.
Click to expand...

hapa mkuu sina neno.la kuongezea nimeridhika kabisaaaa
 
Bosi Michembe said:
Raia naona wameshuka nondo za uhakika tu hapo juu kingine labda niongezee tofauti ya PAL na NTSC nyingine ni frame rate per second. Kwenye PAL frames 25 per second hupita kuipa brain yako illusion ya motion tofauti na NTSC ambapo frame 29 per hupita kukupa illusion ya motion. Kabla ya mambo ya digital hayajaingia ilikuwa ukienda kununua tv, video player au video camera lazima ujue nchini mwako mnatumia PAL au NTSC vinginevyo unaingia hasara. Ukichukua video kwa mfumo wa NTSC ukarusha kwenye mitambo ya PAL ya ITV au TBC lazima utapata effect ya picha kuruka au kutokuwa synchronized na sauti maana kunakuwa kuna ongezeko la frame 4 ambazo zinajaribu kubanwa kwenye system ya 24 frames per second hivyo kuumiza macho. Kwa bongo sisi ni PAL system ingawa siku hizi sio big deal sababu ya mambo ya digital. Hope imesaidia.
Click to expand...

Kijana shukrani sana nimewaelewa wooote
 
Mmenikumbusha enzi hizo kitaa sisi tu ndo tulikuwa multi-system video player na TV.

Watu waliokuwa na VHS tapes zilizotoka Marekani na Canada walikuwa wakija home kuziangalia.

Damn! Y'all took me waaay back. And we've come a long way.

Cc: Kiranga unazikumbuka multi-system?
 
Nyani Ngabu said:
Mmenikumbusha enzi hizo kitaa sisi tu ndo tulikuwa multi-system video player na TV.

Watu waliokuwa na VHS tapes zilizotoka Marekani na Canada walikuwa wakija home kuziangalia.

Damn! Y'all took me waaay back. And we've come a long way.

Cc: Kiranga unazikumbuka multi-system?
Click to expand...

Hahahaha,

Ukiwa na multi system au double decker lazima movie zote uletewe tu.

Cosby Show zote na Yo! MTV Rap zitakufuata mwenyewe huna hata haja ya kwenda video library.

Kila anayeleta tapes kichwakichwa kutoka Marekani lazima akutafute utoe kopi.

Enzi hiyo unaona Shock G wa Digital Underground ana ki introduce kitoto kimoja hivi scrawny kinaitwa 2 Pac kwenye "Same Song" unaona huyu 2 Pac ndo mshamba gani tena, Shock G get back on the mic.

Kuja kukumbuka baadaye eti 2 Pac ndo kawa bonge la superstar.

Enzi hiyo ukiangalia.movie ukimaliza lazima ku rewind tape.
 
Kiranga said:
Muda huo nishasoma sana vitabu vya Musiba, navifanyia mazoezi vya mama vya James Hadley Chase, wewe ndiyo kwanza watu wanahesabu meno.
Click to expand...

tena mkuu nimekosea kama thriller ilitoka 1982 nilikua bado hata mimba yangu kutungwa, ilitungwa baada ya miaka miwili mbele zaidi, aiseee heshima yako mkuu
 
nimekumbuka semester ya 2 MWAKA WA TATU,EC602 TELEVISION ENGINEERING
 
Kweli JF is the home of Great Thinkers , mimi sio wa long time lakini enzi hizo nikiwa chalii nilikuwa natafutwa nikawaunganishie watu Deki na TV , ha ha ha ha eti kuunganisha AV cables ilikuwa ni utaalamu... Duuh!! unakumbuka kusafisha Head Drum? umeweka mkanda mchafu kwenye Deki mara unaonachenga chenga na sauti peke yake.... Deki inafanya Auto Cleaning lakini wapi!!! hapo lazima mtaalamu atafute aje kusafisha head manually!!
 
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