Mji wa Iringa katika mwonekano mzuri

[Lusungo]

Kama hata mama yako mzazi humuamini sina cha kukusaidia, pole sana!

Bwanamdogo jiheshimu....

 

[Candid Scope]

Acha ubishi wewe bara bara ya mlima kitonga sio lami ni zege tupu mwanzo hadi mwisho wa mlima na kuna car parking za kutosha tu kushoto na kulia.

Tujaribu kuelimishana
Barabara hujengwa kwa kokoto, mawe au mchanga ili iwe paved ipitike bila matatizo. Kuna njia kadhaa za kushikiza pavement (mchanga, kokoto au mawe) kwa kutumia teknolojia mbalimbali ikiwemo lami, sementi nk. Tunachokiona kwenye barabara tunazozoea kuita za lami si lami vinginevyo njia isingepitika ingemwagwa lami, ila ni kokoto au mchanga ambao hushikizwa kisha kushindiliwa na lami au sementi.

Kwa maana hiyo Kitonga ni paved road ambapo barabara imejengwa kwa utaratibu wa kawaida kutumia pavement ambazo ama simeshindiliwa kwa kutumia lami au sementi. Nadhani kwa hapo imeeleweka.

Historia ya kujenga barabara ilianzia Ulaya na Warumi ndio waliofanikiwa kwa kiwango kikubwa kuwatumia mateka katika kipindi cha kutanua dola ya kirumi kujenga barabara kwa kutumia mawe au matofali na vigae. Lakini teknolojia imekuwa na kuamua kutumia vitendea kazi ambavyo ni rahisi na huleta ufanisi kwa kasi katika ujenzi kwa muda mfupi kuliko mawe.

Kitonga kilichofanyika ujenzi wa kiwango cha juu tofauti na barabara nyignine.
Barabara nyingi Tanzania zimejengwa kwa kiwango cha chini bila ubora wa kimataifa, ndio maana ujenzi wa pale Kitonga ambao umeuainisha ndivyo barabara kwa nchi zilizoendelea hujengwa kwa mtindo huo, kwanza humiminwa zege ndipo ije ile ya kawaida tuliyozoea Tanzania. Ujue si kitu pekee uitavyo zege ila ni ujenzi wa barabara kama nyingine tuzionazo ila kwa kiwango cha juu tofauti na nyingi ambazo zimejengwa kwa kushindilia udogo tu na kisha kuwaga layer ya pavement.

Paved Road


Brick/stone or block paved road


Rough, loose and uneven pavement on road

Asiyeelewa bora kutumia mifano itasaidia kujenga uelewa​

 

[bysange]

Hapana namaanisha mwaka waliofanya maboresho yani walipoitoa ile lami wakapanua bara bara na kuweka zege na kingo baadhi ya kona yani sasa hivi haunyati na una overtake vizuri tu iwe kupanda au kushuka.

Hapo sawa mkuu

 

[Nyamgluu]

Hii gari nimeipenda!
Back to topic!

 

[mtimkav]

Hii ni mlima Kitonga kabla hujafika Ilula. Hapa mwendo pole iwe kupanda au kuteremkia Ruaha. Kati ya barabara nyingi nilizopita Tanzania hii Kitonga ni mlima mrefu zaidi hata ile ya Singida kwa wilaya na jimbo la uchaguzi la Mchemba aka Sekenke haifui dafu.

We hujafika mahenge bado!?

 

[Herry JM]

Tujaribu kuelimishana
Barabara hujengwa kwa kokoto, mawe au mchanga ili iwe paved ipitike bila matatizo. Kuna njia kadhaa za kushikiza pavement (mchanga, kokoto au mawe) kwa kutumia teknolojia mbalimbali ikiwemo lami, sementi nk. Tunachokiona kwenye barabara tunazozoea kuita za lami si lami vinginevyo njia isingepitika ingemwagwa lami, ila ni kokoto au mchanga ambao hushikizwa kisha kushindiliwa na lami au sementi.

Kwa maana hiyo Kitonga ni paved road ambapo barabara imejengwa kwa utaratibu wa kawaida kutumia pavement ambazo ama simeshindiliwa kwa kutumia lami au sementi. Nadhani kwa hapo imeeleweka.

Historia ya kujenga barabara ilianzia Ulaya na Warumi ndio waliofanikiwa kwa kiwango kikubwa kuwatumia mateka katika kipindi cha kutanua dola ya kirumi kujenga barabara kwa kutumia mawe au matofali na vigae. Lakini teknolojia imekuwa na kuamua kutumia vitendea kazi ambavyo ni rahisi na huleta ufanisi kwa kasi katika ujenzi kwa muda mfupi kuliko mawe.

Kitonga kilichofanyika ujenzi wa kiwango cha juu tofauti na barabara nyignine.
Barabara nyingi Tanzania zimejengwa kwa kiwango cha chini bila ubora wa kimataifa, ndio maana ujenzi wa pale Kitonga ambao umeuainisha ndivyo barabara kwa nchi zilizoendelea hujengwa kwa mtindo huo, kwanza humiminwa zege ndipo ije ile ya kawaida tuliyozoea Tanzania. Ujue si kitu pekee uitavyo zege ila ni ujenzi wa barabara kama nyingine tuzionazo ila kwa kiwango cha juu tofauti na nyingi ambazo zimejengwa kwa kushindilia udogo tu na kisha kuwaga layer ya pavement.

Paved Road
View attachment 192741 View attachment 192742 View attachment 192743 View attachment 192744

Brick/stone or block paved road
View attachment 192745 View attachment 192746 View attachment 192747 View attachment 192748

Rough, loose and uneven pavement on road
View attachment 192750 View attachment 192751 View attachment 192752View attachment 192753

Asiyeelewa bora kutumia mifano itasaidia kujenga uelewa​

Mkuu Kitonga wameweka zege. Zege lilitengenezwa kwa vipande vipande pembeni then ndio vikawa vinapachikwa barabarani na kuunganishwa kwa sementi.
Walichofanya ni kama ujenzi wa kwenye madaraja madogo madogo korofi Kama yaliopo ukienda Ifakara na Mahenge, au barabara ya Matombo mlima Ng'alo.
Huu ujenzi unaruhusu maji kupita lakini hayaharibu barabara kama yanavyoharibu paved roads za kawaida. Pia huu ujenzi unahimli uzito mkubwa kuliko zile za kawaida hata kama mazingira ya barabara ni maji maji.

 

[Herry JM]

We hujafika mahenge bado!?

Ndololo ni kiboko

 

[General8]

hutuiQUOTE=FaizaFoxy;10847128]

Hii picha umechomekea siyo Iringa hii ni Yunga s Road au Alamaaruf "death road" Bolivia.

Source: Bolivian Road of Death

Hivi Tony Gwanco uongo unakusaidia nini?[/QUOTE]

huyu jamaa kaongopa mchana kweupe, aangalie hata Top gear ya BBC basi, atamuona JAMES MAY, RICHARD HAMOND NA BOSS WAO JEREMY CLACKSON wanavyotoka majasho kwenye hii milima ya DEATH ROAD

 

[Dafugwadu]

Mkuu Kitonga wameweka zege. Zege lilitengenezwa kwa vipande vipande pembeni then ndio vikawa vinapachikwa barabarani na kuunganishwa kwa sementi.
Walichofanya ni kama ujenzi wa kwenye madaraja madogo madogo korofi Kama yaliopo ukienda Ifakara na Mahenge, au barabara ya Matombo mlima Ng'alo.
Huu ujenzi unaruhusu maji kupita lakini hayaharibu barabara kama yanavyoharibu paved roads za kawaida. Pia huu ujenzi unahimli uzito mkubwa kuliko zile za kawaida hata kama mazingira ya barabara ni maji maji.

Hapo red sio kweli au kwa sababu unaona limekaa kama drafti? Zege limemiminwa mule mule na chini kuna nondo mwanzo mwisho nazo zimesukwa drafti ndogo ndogo mimi naandika haya kwa sababu nimeshudia ujenzi wake mwanzo mwisho na sio habari za ku google.

 

[Candid Scope]

Mkuu Kitonga wameweka zege. Zege lilitengenezwa kwa vipande vipande pembeni then ndio vikawa vinapachikwa barabarani na kuunganishwa kwa sementi.
Walichofanya ni kama ujenzi wa kwenye madaraja madogo madogo korofi Kama yaliopo ukienda Ifakara na Mahenge, au barabara ya Matombo mlima Ng'alo.
Huu ujenzi unaruhusu maji kupita lakini hayaharibu barabara kama yanavyoharibu paved roads za kawaida. Pia huu ujenzi unahimli uzito mkubwa kuliko zile za kawaida hata kama mazingira ya barabara ni maji maji.

Soma maelezo katika mada kwenye bandiko langu na uelewe, unachobishi labda kutoelewa maelezo. Barabara zinajengwa kwa kokoto au mchanga mgumu kutegemeana na mazingira. Kuna maeneo hata mawe hutumika au kutanguliza mmimmino wa zege, lakini kitakachofuata ni pavement ya kawaida isiyoruhusu mtelezo. Kingo barabarani ni subsidiary kwa usalama wa magari.

Jaribuni kusoma zaidi na kuelewa badala ya kutumia ukionacho na kukitafsiri kujenga hoja bila uelewa mpana. Wengine hatuongelei hii kwa kuangalia tu tumeshuhudia na pengine kupata mafunzo mafupi kujua kinachoendelea. Kutembea nako husaidia kupanua uelewa wa mambo.

I: Planning II: Design III: Earthwork IV: Paving V: Open to Traffic
PHASE I: Planning
A road project begins with evaluating the transportation system, taking into account country priorities, including the department's mission and vision, and its strategic plans for the state's transportation system. MDOT takes a The ministry approach to planning, building and maintaining state trunklines.
The ministry collects and maintains a vast amount of information about our roads, including:

• road and bridge conditions,
• traffic volumes,
• crash statistics.

Using this data, transportation planners, engineers, environmentalists, landscape architects, soil scientists and others identify trends that determine what and how to build. Other items to consider:

• Can Ministry acquire the property to build on?
• What are the environmental issues?
• What utilities will be affected by a project?
• How will we fund the project?
• How can this project be designed to be an asset to the community?

Money for road projects comes from gas taxes.

PHASE II: Design:
[SIZE=-1]A survey of the area is step two. Recently, Global Positioning Systems, laser surveys, and other technology have sped up the process and improved accuracy. Many factors influence designs, including:[/SIZE]

• [SIZE=-1]location,[/SIZE]
• [SIZE=-1]terrain and soil properties,[/SIZE]
• [SIZE=-1]drainage capabilities,[/SIZE]
• [SIZE=-1]traffic volume,[/SIZE]
• [SIZE=-1]the ratio of cars to trucks and buses,[/SIZE]
• [SIZE=-1]possible future development in the area,[/SIZE]
• [SIZE=-1]effects on the environment or nearby residents.[/SIZE]

[SIZE=-1]With a design in hand, government advertises for a contractor to do the actual building. Ministry awards contracts based on low bid price.

[/SIZE][SIZE=-1]PHASE III: Earthwork[/SIZE][SIZE=-1]
[SIZE=-1]With a contractor on board, earthwork can begin. Earthwork is one of the most important elements in road construction because it establishes a stable foundation. A roadway with a substandard foundation will fail prematurely. That is why the road's base layers are as important as the finished surface.[/SIZE][/SIZE]

• First, the contractor builds embankments using cuts and fills.
• Next, a grader or bulldozer levels the screened dirt. Leveling bumps and filling in dips creates a surface that will support a road for decades.
• The screened dirt is sprayed with water and compacted to its maximum density.
• During this stage, the contactor installs drains and sewers. The center of the road must be higher than the edges so water will run off into the storm sewers. Drainage is a critical element because improper drainage will greatly reduce the new pavement's life expectancy.
• All of this work must pass strict inspections before the project can continue.

To complete the earthwork, the contractor places gravel in 12-inch layers on the road bed. Workers moisten and compact each layer. Layers are added and compacted until the road bed reaches the height called for in the design.



PHASE IV: Paving.
At last, the road bed is ready for paving. If the estimated paving cost is more than $1 million, ministry requires governement to conduct a life cycle cost analysis. In this analysis, planners and engineers study:

• the cost of maintaining the road,
• the amount and type of traffic,
• the cost of paving material.

A formula that includes all these factors tells government engineers to use either asphalt (bituminous) or concrete pavement.

• Asphalt uses bitumen, a petroleum product, to glue together sand and crushed rock. This mixture is heated to approximately 300 degrees at the asphalt plant. At the construction site, workers spread and compact the hot mixture onto the roadbed.
• Concrete uses cement and water as the glue between sand and crushed rock. Workers place concrete into steel molds called forms.
  A finishing machine vibrates and trims it to the necessary height. To prevent cracks, workers cut joints between the concrete slabs. At each joint, wire baskets and steel dowels connect the slabs. These allow the slabs to expand and contract as the temperature changes. The slabs can slide from side to side along the dowels, but not up and down.

Modern paving equipment can insert dowels as the concrete is poured, then immediately tine the concrete.

PHASE V: Open to Traffic
With the new surface in place, government orders ride quality testing. Testers use seismology equipment to measure vibrations of the new pavement. It there is too much vibration, the contractor must grind the pavement to ensure a smooth surface.

The final steps are:

• another drainage test,
• grading and landscaping around the pavement (where applicable),
• applying the permanent pavement markings.

 

[Nookwa Nookwaa]

Hiyo picha ya tatu imeichomekea siyo Iringa!

Kweli hiyo siyo Iringa

 

[1954]

Hii kitonga hii ni mpya na ni ya kwako! Washauri waache kula mbwa

Umewahi kuwaona wakila na ukakaribishwa au umesikia stori za kalikuwa kadogo kadogo