boma2000
JF-Expert Member
- Oct 18, 2009
- 3,280
- 310
Wadau wenzangu hapa JF kina Babalao na wengineo naomba mnisaidie ili niweze kuanzisha Microfinance yangu Dsm ninatakiwa niwe na nini, na utaratibu gani nifuate.
WADAU WANAOHITAJI UFAHAMU WA BIASHARA HII
Habari za leo wadau,
Naomba kufahamishwa taratibu za kuanzisha Microfinance.
Naomba kujua mtaji kianzio, namna zinavyofanya kazi, aina ya wateja na mengineyo ambayo sijayataja hapa.
NAOMBA KUWASILISHA
Sent using Jamii Forums mobile app
Heshima kwenu wakuu,
Kuna ndugu yangu anataka kuanzisha Biashara ya kukopesha PESA kwa Riba anataka iwe OFFICIAL so anataka kujua namna yakuisajili kampuni yake. Pia kupata LESENI utaratibu ukoje? yaani vitu gani vinatakiwa.
Wakuu kwa yeyote mwenye ufahamu wa jambo hili Msaada plz!
Habari wana Jf,
Heshima kwenu wote na hongereni kwa michango na mawazo mazur ambayo mmekua mkitoa juu ya mada mbali mbali,
Mm nikijana nimemaliza degree ya biashara katiaka fedha (BCOM-FINANCE)
Nimekua na ndoto ya kuwa na microfinance institution toka nipo mwaka wa kwanza chuo, hvyo nikajipanga nimetafuta mtaji nimepata (japo sio mkubwa). Kinacho nisumbua kwa sasa ni uzoefu juu ya uendeshaji wa biashara hii, kwan elimu niliyo nayo ni ya nadharia (theoretical).
Nimetafuta sehem ya kufanya kazi japo kujitolea kwenye microfinance institution ili nipate uzoefu ila sijafanikisha.
Naomben msaada wenu, kwa mtu mwenye uzoefu juu ya hii biashara anisaidie kujibu maswar yafuatayo:
1. Usajiri
2. Riba na ulipaji wake (kwa mwezi, mwaka au wiki)
3. Maswala ya kisheria (defaulters)
4. Makundi ya wateja wasumbufu na wasio wasumbufu wakat wa ulipaji
5. Software ambayo inatumika kuhfadhi hizi transaction.
6. Kipengere chochote cha muhim nilichokisahau!
Maana nataka nianze bila uzoefu wowote, nimechoka kutembea na bahasha kutafuta sehemnya kujitolea.
Asanten, naomba kuwasilisha.
MICHANGO YA WADAU
KUPATA LESENI YA BIASHARA YA MIKOPO
Habari wanajukwaa
Update: MABADILIKO JUU YA KUPATA LESENI YA BIASHARA YA MIKOPO
Kwa mujbu wa notisi ya Benki Kuu ya Tanzania kuna mwongozo umetolewa w namna gami kampumi au mtu binafsi anaweza kufanya biashara hii ya kutoa mikopo
1. Suala la Mtaji
2. Jina la kampuni kuwa na neno linalotambulisha shughuli ya kampuni
3. Shughuli zilizoainishwa ktk MEMARTS kuwa za mwelekeo wa masuala ya fedha tu
4. Wamiliki wa kampn kuwa na elimu tambuzi juu ya biashara hata kama wameajiri wasimamizi
5. Taratibu za kupata kibali na leseni
6. Makundi yalivyogawanywa ie Tier 1,2,3 na 4 nk
Vile vile tumeandaa semina juu ya notisi hiyo ya BOT kwa wadau wanaohitaji karibuni sana
Watu wengi wamekuwa wanauliza juu ya suala hili wengine ikiwa hapa jukwaani na wengine kwa kuja PM. Naona vema kuweka wazi suala hili katika jukwaa letu maarufu la Biashara, Uchumi na Ujasiriamali.
Mwongozo huu unaweka bayana juu ya kusajili kampuni ya kutoa Mikopo binafsi na upatikanaji wa leseni yake (Application conditions for Microcredit business license)
Utangulizi
Microcredit company ni kampuni inayojihusisha na kutoa MIKOPO TU kwa mtaji binafsi iliyonayo na hairuhusiwi kuweka pesa za mtu hii itambulike hivyo.
Ukitaka masuala ya kuweka na kutoa pesa huko ni Microfinance.
Leseni ya biashara hii inatolewa Wizara ya Viwanda, Biashara na Uwekezaji, ofisi za BRELA Ghorofa ya 5, jengo la ushirika, brbr ya Lumumba, Mnazi mmoja, Dar es Salaam.
Mambo muhimu yanayotakiwa ni
1. Usajili - BRELAHapa ni kusajili kampuni au partners inategemea mmejipanga vipi na hufanyika BRELA. Mtaji lazima uwe mkubwa, jitahidi uwe japo 50mil+ japo nashauri uwe mkubwa (mfano x00mil) zaidi kwani biashara hii inaweza kukua hadi ukahitaji kuanza huduma za kutoa na kuweka pesa (microfinance)
Hakikisha MEMARTS au Partnership deed yenu isiwe yenye mlengo (Objects) wa biashara yoyote isiyosimamiwa na Benki Kuu
2. TIN-TRA
Sajili TIN ya kampuni TRA, pata TAX CLEARANCE CERTIFICATE ambayo utaandika inaenda Wizara ya Viwanda, Biashara na Uwekezaji
3. Sera ya ukopeshaji (lending policy and procedure Manual)
Uwe na hii sera ya ukopeshaji ambayo itatoa mwongozo wa riba, taratibu, kanuni nk
4. CV za wanahisa
Wanahisa/wakurugenzi/wahasibu wawe na CV na vyeti kuonyesha uzoefu wao ktk tasnia ya fedha
5. Taarifa za kifedha
Walau taarifa za fedha (bank statements) zao wanahisa au kampuni walau kwa miezi mitatu
6. Uthibitisho wa uraia
Kopi za vitambulisho vya Taifa vilivyothibitishwa
7. Mkataba wa Pango
Uwe umethibitishwa kisheria na vilivile umelipiwa kodi ya stempu TRA
8. Nyaraka zote zibanwe kama kitabu
Wazoefu na wajuzi zaidi wanaweza kuongezea zaidi.
Kwa huduma hizi unaweza kumtumia Consultant alie jirani yako au ukatucheki kwa email: consultafrolinktz@gmail.com na mobile/whatsapp: 0659211222/0777777766/0755411455
MWONGOZO: MASHARTI NA TARATIBU ZA KUPATA LESENI YA KUTOA MIKOPO KWA KUTUMIA MTAJI BINAFSI
Habari za leo wanajukwaa,
Utangulizi
Rejea katika Makala yetu ya awali tuliyoiwasilisha mnamo tarehe 09 Agosti, 2018 ilikuwa bado suala la mabadiliko makubwa yaliyofanywa na serikali kurasimishwa:
MWONGOZO: Masharti na taratibu za kupata leseni ya kutoa mikopo kwa kutumia mtaji binafsi
Sasa kutokana na Mabadiliko hayo ya kisheria na pia rejea Notisi ya Benki Kuu ya Tanzania ya Desemba 2019 tumeona ni vema kuiboresha mada kwa kuileta kama sehemu ya pili ya maboresho ili wadau kujadili kwa upana wake na pia kuona faida na hasara zake kwa mkopeshaji na mkopaji.
Kwa Muhtasari
Biashara ya utoaji mikopo imezidi kushika kasi na kushamiri kwa kasi sana. Kundi hili linalojadiliwa hapa watoaji mikopo binafsi na makampuni binafsi yanayotoa mikopo kwa mitaji yao binafsi na hayaruhusiwi kuchukua na kuhifadhi pesa za wateja wao ie Non-Deposit taking ambazo zipo katika kundi no 2 (Tier 2)
Maboresho katika Usajili
Kwa mujibu wa sheria kampuni inayotaka kufanya biashara hii ya utoaji mikopo MEMART yake iwe na sifa hizi:
1. Jina la kampuni lazima liwe na neno “MICROCREDIT au MICROFINANCE au FINANCIAL SERVICES”
2. Biashara zitakazofanywa na kampuni hii lazima ziwe zenye mlengo (objects) wa biashara ya fedha tu na si kwa kuchanganya na aina nyingine za biashara
3. Mtaji wa kampuni ni lazima uwe kuanzia milioni 20
Pia kampuni hii inatakiwa kuwa na yafuatayo:
1. Ofisi ambapo wakaguzi wa Benki Kuu ya Tanzania wanaweza kuja kukagua muda wowote ikiwa kabla au baada ya kupata leseni
2. Lazima uweke bango la kuonyesha ni kampuni ya mikopo
3. Uwe na mifumo ya wazi ya uendeshaji wa kampuni husika pamoja na mawasiliano
4. Wakurugenzi wa kampuni wawe na elimu ya ufahamu wa biashara hii hata kama sio wasimamizi wakuu
5. Lazima kampuni ielezee namna ilivyoupata huo mtaji ambao unatokana na mchango wa wanahisa ikiwa kila mmoja ataelezea alipata vipi katika zile hisa alizolipia
6. Kuwe na uongozi kamili ie bodi ya wakurugenzi, CEO et al
Kwa mtu binafsi anaetaka kufanya biashara hii nae atalazimika kufanya haya:
1. Kusajili jina la biashara ambalo litakuwa na sifa kama zilivyoonyeshwa hapo juu katika kapuni
2. Mtaji ni kuanzia milioni 20 ambao anapaswa kuuelezea wazi kaupataje mtaji huu
3. Atawasilisha ripoti ya madeni ie Credit Report from Credit Reference Bureau
4. Masuala ya kuwa na ofisi, mifumo rasmi ya uendeshaji biashara nk kama ilivyo katika kampuni nae atakuwa nayo pia isipokuwa uongozi ie Board of Directors hatakuwa na hii
Akikamilisha vielelezo hivi na vikiwa sahihi basi hatua ya pili itafuata
2. Kupata TIN na Cheti cha Ulipaji kodi ie Certificate of Tax Clearance
Hatua hii ya pili itafanywa upande wa Mamlaka ya Mapato ie TRA ambapo atalipa kodi stahiki zote kama vile kodi ya mapato, kodi ya zuio na ushuru wa stempu kwa mkataba wa pango. Kisha atapewa TIN ya kampuni au Mtu binafsi ambayo watakuwa wameongezea na jina la biashara na Cheti cha Mlipa kodi kitakuwa “addressed” kwenda BOT itategemea upo mkoa gani kwn zipo ofisi zao za kanda pia
3. Kuandaa Sera ya Mikopo na Wasifu wa kampuni na kujaza Questionnaires
Kampuni au mtu binafsi utaandaa sera ya mikopo inayokidhi vigezo vya uendeshaji wa biashara hii ya mikopo kwa kuweka mambo yote muhimu kama vile Muundo wa uongozi wa kampuni, aina za huduma za mikopo utoazo, riba, taratibu za kutoa mikopo, taratibu za urejeshaji mikopo, riba, vikao vya upirishaji mikopo, taratibu za kukusanya mikopo chefu chefu, risks, ufutaji wa mikopo chefu chefu nk nk. Hii ni muhimu sana kwa sbabu ndiyo dira na mwongozo mzima wa naman gani utafanya hii biashara
Vile vile kutatakiwa kuandaa wasifu wa kampuni, wakurugenzi na kila mtu ambae atahusika katika kampuni husika au kama mtu binafsi pia lazima uandae ikiwa pamoja na kuambatanisha vyeti vyako vya elimu na sifa nyingine za ziada
4. Maombi ya leseni (kibali) BOT
Baada ya kukamilisha vielelezo vyote kampuni au mtu binafsia
Ataandika barua ya kumchagua mtu maalum wa kufuatilia suala hili la leseni
Atalipa TZS. 500,000 kampuni au TZS. 300,000 ambayo ni pesa isiyorudihwa hata kama maombi yako yamekataliwa hairudi.
Ndani ya siku 60 utakuwa umejua mbivu au mbichi za kupoata leseni
5. Leseni ya biashara Wizara Ya Viwanda, Biashara Na Uwekezaji
Utaomba leseni online ktk website Tanzania National Business Portal. Ada yake TZS. 600,000
Ambatanisha vielelzo kama mwongozo ukuelekezavyo then unapata leseni kwa haraka na kwa wepesi kabisa
FAIDA ZA UTARATIBU HUU MPYA
Unasaidia kulinda maslahi ya pande zote mbili kwa mujibu wa sheria, taratibu na kanuni za JMT za masuala ya biashara za mikopo
Unatoa ajira kwa sababu hakutakuwa na ofisi za mifukoni kwani
Zitasaidia kudhiti riba za juu sana ambazo kiuhalisia zinamuumiza sana mkopaji
Kichocheo cha kupunguza umasikini katika jamii kwa mikopo wezeshi hii ya riba na fuu nay a muda mfupi mfupi
Umeweka wazi kabisa masuala yote juu ya haki, wajibu na nafasi ya mkopaji na mkopeshaji N.k
HASARA ZA UTARATIBU HUU MPYA
Mfumo una gharama kuanzia kufanya maombi hadi kupata leseni
Wawekezaji wenye mitaji midogo chini ya mil 20 hawana nafasi
Kwa haya machache narudisha Mjadala huu uwanjani kwani naamini kuna members wajuzi na wenye uzoefu mkubwa zaidi katika biashara hii ya mikopo karibuni sana kwa mjadala mpana zaidi ikiwa katika msingi wa maswali, maoni na kuongezea au kurekebisha sehemu zenye mapungufu
ESTABLISHING A BANK OR FINANCIAL INSTITUTION IN TANZANIA
Any individual or company wishing to establish a bank or financial institution in Tanzania must submit the following information to the Directorate:-
Letter of Application in prescribed format.
Proposed Memorandum of Association (unregistered with the Registrar of Companies).
Proposed Articles of Association (unregistered with the Registrar of Companies).
Proof of Availability of Funds for Investment as Capital of the Proposed Institution e.g bank certification.
List of Incorporators/Subscribers and Proposed Members of Board of Directors and Other Senior Officers.
Information Sheet of Every Incorporator/Subscriber and Every Proposed Member of the Board of Directors, and Senior Officer.
Proof of Citizenship of Every Incorporator/Subscriber and Every Proposed Director and Senior Officer. This Includes Detailed Curricula Vitae (CV), Photocopy of the First Five Pages of a Passport, a Passport Size Photograph and Historical Background.
Audited Balance Sheet and Income Statement of Every Incorporator/Subscriber and Every Proposed Member of the Board of Directors and Senior Officer who is Engaged in Business.
Certified Copies of Annual Returns of Every Incorporator/Subscriber and Every Proposed Member of the Board of Directors and Senior Officer (together with accompanying schedules/financial statements) Filled During the Last Five Years with Income Tax Office for Income Taxation Purposes.
Tax Clearance From the Income Tax Office
Statement From Two Persons (not relatives) Vouching for the Good Moral Character and Financial Responsibility of the Incorporators/Subscribers and the Proposed Directors and Senior Officers.
Business Plans for the First Four Years of Operations Including the Strategy for Growth, Branch Expansion Plans, Dividend Payout Policy and Career Development Programme for the Staff, Budgets for the First Year Must Also be Included
Projected Annual Balance Sheets for the First Four Years of Operations.
Projected Annual Income Statement for the First Four Years of Operation.
Projected Annual Cash Flow Statements for the First Four Years of Operation.
Discussion of Economic Benefits to be Derived by the Country and the Community From the Proposed Bank/Financial Institution.
kwa maelezo zaidi ingia www.bot-tz.org kuna maelezo mengi ya kutosha nini unatakiwa kufanya na rules & regulations zote,for short cut click banking supervision
MICROFINANCE, MICROFINANCE COMPANY VS MICROFINANCE BANK
A: Napenda tuangalie kwanza ‘terms’ hizi za ‘Microfinance, Microfinance company vs Microfinance bank’ ili kupata maana sahihi ambazo zitatusaidia kuelewa vema pia suala la Microcredit. Kwa mujibu wa Sera Ya Taifa Ya Huduma Ndogo Za Fedha Ya Mwaka 2017, Ie National Microfinance Act 2017 Tanzania:
“Microfinance” means the provision of financial services including micro saving, microloan, micro insurance, micro leasing, micro housing micro pensions, money transfers, financial education and business development to the low-income population (individual, household, enterprises) who are systematically excluded from the financial system.
“Microfinance Bank” means banking institution licensed by the Bank of Tanzania to undertake banking business mainly with individuals, groups, micro and small enterprises of low-income population in the rural or urban area.
“Microfinance Company” means a financial institution incorporated as a company limited by shares formed to undertake ranges of microfinance products and services except banking business primarily with microfinance Clients as defined.
“Microfinance Product and Service” means financial services such as micro savings, micro loans, micro insurance, micro housing, micro leasing, money transfers and other financial related services to microfinance clients.
“Microfinance Client” means individual, group or enterprise who accesses and uses products and services from the microfinance services providers.
“Microfinance Institution” means entity specialized in provision of microfinance product and service to microfinance clients as defined.
“Micro Leasing” means all the finance leasing operations with the following characteristics (i) where the average value of the asset in the portfolio is up to ten million Tanzanian shillings (ii) where the leasing term does not exceed 24 months.
“Micro Loans” means provision of small loans to low-income population, financially underserved customers, or as determined by the regulator.
Maelezo hayo ni kwa mujibu wa Sera Ya Taifa Ya Huduma Ndogo Za Fedha Ya Mwaka 2017 Tanzania, Chapisho la Oktoba, 2017 kurasa xi hadi xiii.
B: Mtaji unatofautiana katika hizi aina mbili ambapo kwa mujibu wa “Banking and Financial Act 1991, Suppliment no. 12, published on 25/03/2015 pg 152”, inaweka wazi kwa Microfinance Company kama ina matawi kwa Tanzania nzima basi mtaji wake uwe walau milioni 800TZS, na kama haina matawi basi mtaji uwe walau kuanzia mil 200TZS.
Naambatanisha Banking and Financial Act 1991 na sera ya Taifa ya Huduma ndogo za Fedha ya mwaka 2017 kuweza kusoma mambo mengi Zaidi yenye manufaa
KWA UFAHAMU WA MDAUMkuu, kwa ufahamu wangu.
Microfinance haiwi Governed na BOT kwa sababu haichukui customer deposits, inakopesha tu.
Taratibu za kuanzisha:
- Register kampuni kwa njia ya kawaida kabisa (peleka Memarts BRELA, pata TIN number toka TRA..etc)..lawyer mzuri anakufanyia hivi vyote kwa cost isiyozidi 1m
-Pata leseni kutoka wizara ya viwanda na biashara (Sio BOT!!!)
Anza biashara.
As far as I know, hakuna minimum capital inayotakiwa, wala deposit huko BoT kwa sababu risk ni ya pesa zako mwenyewe na sio za kuchukua kwa wananchi. Hapo baadaye unaweza kuzishawishi benki zikakukopesha pia kama biashara nyingine.
USHAURI WA HATUA ZA KUFUATA
1 - Ni lazima ufungue na kusajili limited company.
2 - Uwe na mtaji wa kutosha ili kuweza kukopesha. (milioni 50 na kuendelea)
3 - Uwe na ofisi na watendaji wenye uzoefu.
4 - Uandae taratibu na kanuni utakazotumia ktk kutoa huduma hiyo.
5 - anza kujitangaza na kutoa huduma.
NB: Katika kusajili, unaanza BRELA , kisha unaenda TRA, kisha wizara ya viwanda na biashara, kisha BOT.
USHAURI: HATUA ZA KUSAJILI
Ukishakamilisha usajili wa kampuni yako Brela hatua inayofata ni kwenda wizara ya viwanda na biashara kufanya application ya microfinance.
Unapoenda hakikisha una vitu vifuatavyo:
1. Umejaza form ya application ambayo inapatikana katika website ya wizara ya viwanda na biashara
2. CV za directors wa kampuni
3. Passport size za directors wa kampuni
4. MEMARTS ya kampuni
5. Lending policy (naweza kukusaidia kuiandaa hii)
6. Certificate of incorporation
7. TIN number
8. Bank statement ya mwezi uliyopita
Baada ya kupeleka hapo wataipitia kwa muda wanaojua wao then application yako ikipita watakupigia simu utaenda kulipia laki sita na nusu kisha unapewa leseni. Hapo kwenye kusubiria bila kuwa na mtu wa kupush itakuchukuwa muda kupita maelezo, i know someone there can help you.
All the best Apologise lady