Asili ya Kunguru wa Dar

[mult_talented_p]

Miezi kadhaa iliopita, Mungu alinifikisha mkoani Mwanza kwa ajili ya kufanya mafunzo yangu ya vitendo yaani (field practice). Kwakuwa nilikuwa mwenyeji wa Dar nilishangaa sana kuona kuwa hapo Mwanza hapakuwepo na kunguru, kama wa Dar.
Nilijaribu kudadisi na kuuliza kwa nini Mwanza hamna kunguru. Mwenyeji mmoja niliyekutana nae kwenye mabasi ya umma yaani public transport, alinidokeza kuwa, kunguru walikuwepo au wapo jijini Mwanza, lakini hawaonekani sana.
Hivi majuzi nikiwa chuoni kwetu hapa Iringa mjini, nilishangaa kuona kunguru wakubwa, wakiwa wana koti (baka) jeupe vifuani mwao. Kunguru aina hio, niliwaona sehem zingine, mbali na Dar es salaam, hususan, mikoa ya ndani ndani ya Tanzania bara.
Baada ya kuulizia juu ya tofauti wa kunguru wa huku mikoani, na wale wa Dar es salaam, nikapata majibu ambayo yalitatua mgogoro ndani ya kichwa changu, majibu ambayo yalinipendeza kushare na jamii.

Kunguru weusi, yaani Indian House Crow (Corvus splendens) wanaopatikana maeneo ya Zanzibar, Dar es salaam na mikoa mingine ya Pwani, asili yake ni India.
Hawa kitaalamu wanaitwa invasive species, na waliletwa huku ili kudhibiti tatizo la taka lilikowako kipindi hicho, visiwa vya Zanzibar mwaka 1901. Kunguru hawa wana tabia ya kula vitu vingi, hivyo kwa wakati huo, walifaa sana kwa kutatua tatizo la taka.
Kwa kuwa wakiwa huku, hawana ndege wengine wanaoweza kuwala (predators) hao Indian House Crow waliendelea kuzaliana na kusambaa kwenye mikoa ya pwani na hata nchi jirani.
Mpaka leo Indian House crow ni wengi maeneo ya Dar es salaam na wakati mwingi wamekuwa wakidokoa vifaranga vya kuku, na ndege wengine sasa wako hatarini kupotea kwa ajili ya uwepo wa hawa Indian House Crow.

Namshukuru Mungu kipekee kabisa na mwalimu wetu.
Science has led me to understand this phenomena.

 

[Mdomo wa Bata]

Na Mimi nimewahi seat nasubiri majibu.

 

[RRONDO]

Uliyoyasema ni kweli. Zamani hao wenye baka jeupe walikuwa wengi Dar, baada ya hao weusi kuja weupe wakatoweka.
Sasa hivi madhara ya kunguru ni mengi kuliko faida.

 

[Maghayo]

Ukiwaona kwenye slams za Bangladesh Yani wanatia kinyaa

 

[Maghayo]

Uliyoyasema ni kweli. Zamani hao wenye baka jeupe walikuwa wengi Dar, baada ya hao weusi kuja weupe wakatoweka.
Sasa hivi madhara ya kunguru ni mengi kuliko faida.

Miezi kadhaa iliopita, Mungu alinifikisha mkoani Mwanza kwa ajili ya kufanya mafunzo yangu ya vitendo yaani (field practice). Kwakuwa nilikuwa mwenyeji wa Dar nilishangaa sana kuona kuwa hapo Mwanza hapakuwepo na kunguru, kama wa Dar.
Nilijaribu kudadisi na kuuliza kwa nini Mwanza hamna kunguru. Mwenyeji mmoja niliyekutana nae kwenye mabasi ya umma yaani public transport, alinidokeza kuwa, kunguru walikuwepo au wapo jijini Mwanza, lakini hawaonekani sana.
Hivi majuzi nikiwa chuoni kwetu hapa Iringa mjini, nilishangaa kuona kunguru wakubwa, wakiwa wana koti (baka) jeupe vifuani mwao. Kunguru aina hio, niliwaona sehem zingine, mbali na Dar es salaam, hususan, mikoa ya ndani ndani ya Tanzania bara.
Baada ya kuulizia juu ya tofauti wa kunguru wa huku mikoani, na wale wa Dar es salaam, nikapata majibu ambayo yalitatua mgogoro ndani ya kichwa changu, majibu ambayo yalinipendeza kushare na jamii.

Kunguru weusi, yaani Indian House Crow (Corvus splendens) wanaopatikana maeneo ya Zanzibar, Dar es salaam na mikoa mingine ya Pwani, asili yake ni India.
Hawa kitaalamu wanaitwa invasive species, na waliletwa huku ili kudhibiti tatizo la taka lilikowako kipindi hicho, visiwa vya Zanzibar mwaka 1901. Kunguru hawa wana tabia ya kula vitu vingi, hivyo kwa wakati huo, walifaa sana kwa kutatua tatizo la taka.
Kwa kuwa wakiwa huku, hawana ndege wengine wanaoweza kuwala (predators) hao Indian House Crow waliendelea kuzaliana na kusambaa kwenye mikoa ya pwani na hata nchi jirani.
Mpaka leo Indian House crow ni wengi maeneo ya Dar es salaam na wakati mwingi wamekuwa wakidokoa vifaranga vya kuku, na ndege wengine sasa wako hatarini kupotea kwa ajili ya uwepo wa hawa Indian House Crow.

Namshukuru Mungu kipekee kabisa na mwalimu wetu.
Science has led me to understand this phenomena.

Inasadikika kunguru ndie ndege mwerevu kuliko wote. Kuna aina nyingi ya species za kunguru. Kuna hii species inapatikana Hawaii Yani wenyewe wanatumia vifaa "tools" kujenga Hadi imewashangaza watafiti. Pia katika Mila za wazungu wanaamini kunguru utumika katika ushirikina

The clever crows of New Caledonia, long known for their unique ability to make tools, may want to step aside for a distant U.S. cousin. The endangered Hawaiian ‘alalā, a crow that is extinct in the wild and lives only in captivity, has been shown to use sticks to forage for food, much like New Caledonian crows. The discovery, adds the ‘alalās to a short list of fewer than a dozen bird species known to use tools. To earn that title, 104 captive ‘alalās were tested for their tool-using smarts with a food reward. Without any training, 78% spontaneously picked up sticks placed in their enclosures and used them to extract food from crevices in pieces of wood, much as New Caledonian crows use twigs to pry grubs and insects from rotted logs. Many also shortened the sticks to make more suitable tools. Finally, just like the New Caledonian crows, some also manufactured their own instruments by cutting sticks from bushes and dead ferns. But because the two species separated from a last common ancestor about 11 million years ago, scientists think the two species evolved their skills independently, they report today in Nature. The scientists also say that the ‘alalās likely use tools as part of their natural behavior—that’s because all the adults adeptly wielded their sticks, and young chicks did so without observing the adults or being trained. Tool use is rare in the animal kingdom. So why did two crow species evolve this ability? The scientists aren’t certain, but they say it may have something to do with living on remote tropical islands without woodpeckers and fierce bird predators.

 

[Black Sniper]

Hawa crow wana kipaji cha pekee

 

[Msambwata]

Asante