Posted Monday, January 17 2011 at 00:00
Post-genocide Rwanda is often described by expatriates as "a country in a hurry."
It is a label Rwandan leaders have no problem with. It echoes the slogan meant to rally the country behind them in their enthusiastic and single-minded pursuit of social progress: "Kwihuta mu majyambere" (speeding up progress).
President Paul Kagame, said by associates to have no room for failure, has been emphatic in his insistence that while other countries opt to walk towards development and social progress, Rwanda must run.
This view is well demonstrated by the government's determination to force through - and I mean force through - initiatives intended to uplift the standards of living of its majority poor.
Many times these initiatives are launched against a background of protests by several groups and individuals, including the country's development partners, who usually want to be convinced that a specific policy is feasible and affordable before lending their support.
In recent years the initiatives have included implementing a land consolidation scheme under which peasants have been coaxed, to say the least, into shifting to planned and concentrated settlements in order to free up more land for agriculture; requiring them to use more - free or subsidised - fertiliser; enforcing livestock improvement schemes; land redistribution from the rich, famous and powerful to hitherto landless villagers; switching from seven to nine years of primary schooling with an element of vocational training; and carving up the country into agricultural zones, with each concentrating on the production of one or a few crops for which its soils and climatic conditions are best suited.
An employee of a donor agency once told me that any donor wishing to influence the government's ambitions must first of all find a way of supporting them.
Apparently those who choose to criticise are simply ignored.
The logic, as often stated by President Kagame, is clear: Rwanda must be run by Rwandans, and it is Rwandans who know what is good for Rwanda.
Currently, the initiative that has come under much scrutiny and criticism, not least by sections of local media and civil society, is the government's "bye bye nyakatsi" campaign whose implementation has from time to time been taken a little too far by over-enthusiastic local officials eager to be seen to work.
Nyakatsi refers to rudimentary, often temporary, grass-thatched huts, in which the rural poor, unable to afford anything better or more elegant, usually live.
The government accuses these dwellings of being intrinsically unhygienic, undignified, and prone to attracting disease-causing or disease-carrying agents, and therefore of being a threat to the health and well-being of its citizens.
And so a solution has been devised: their mass destruction and replacement with improved houses with iron sheets roofing.
The government has undertaken to encourage those who can afford better houses, such as cattle keepers with large herds, to build them at their own cost.
Meanwhile the able-bodied poor are eligible for free roofing sheets, while the elderly and those of ill-health, or widows, qualify for free new houses.
The army, police, and prisoners sentenced to community service have been drafted in to help, and NGOs, Diaspora Rwandans, and some development partners are encouraged to assist where they can.
According to reports, insome areas over-enthusiastic local officials have pulled down all nyakatsi in total disregard to whatever peculiar circumstances may apply to individual owners or occupants, sometimes before the assistance promised by the government arrives to enable those affected to quickly rehouse themselves or be rehoused.
Despite criticism which might have cowed other governments into changing course, the government of Rwanda is steaming ahead, with provincial governors vowing to eliminate the offending structures within specific time frames.
It is estimated that this "accelerated modernisation" will see the disappearance of over 600,000 nyakatsi over the next few months.
Reliable sources say the government has already dispatched the required iron sheets to local governments.
With arguably Africa's most potent "zero tolerance for corruption" policy hanging over their collective heads, there is no expectation that local leaders will "lose" or divert them to personal use, the sort of thing their colleagues elsewhere do with a disarming sense of entitlement and impunity.
Frederick Golooba-Mutebi is a Senior Research Fellow, Institute of Social Research, Makerere University.