R.B
JF-Expert Member
- May 10, 2012
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Nchi tatu zinazofahidika na maji ya mto Nile, SUDAN, ETHIOPIA NA MISRI; Zimesaini makubaliano bila kushirikisha Tanzania ambayo ndo mhimili mkuu wa Maji ya mto nile. Mto nile unaanzia Tanzania na Rwanda; Mkondo unaolisha mto nile ni Mto Kagera ambao Tanzania, Rwanda na Burundi wanajenga bwawa (Rusumo water fall) kwa ajili ya wananchi wa nchi tatu. Mradi umezinduliwa na Prof Muhongo
Taarifa hizi inaonyesha azijafurahisha nchi zilizosaini makubaliano ya kimya kimya bila kuishirikisha Tanzania.
Inaonyesha waziri mkuu atakuwa kaanza kuleta meseji kutoka kwa viongozi wenzake wa SUDAN na MISRI , amesha fikwa na hofu. wameanza kutoa hofa ambazo haziingii akilini kama kupitishia mizigo yao Bandari ya DSM. Ili hali kuna Misri ambayo hiko karibu na Ethiopia.
Ziara hii Itakuwa ni mwanzo wa mikataba ya kupunguza matumizi ya maji ziwa victoria na mto Nile kwa Tanzania kwa kigezo cha umeme wa bwawa jipya wanahofia maji kuwa machache kama Tanzania itafanya intensive utilization ya maji ya mto Nile na Victoria.
Kitendo cha Ethiopia kufungua Ubalozi ; Ni kama kuweka mwakilishi wa kusimamia maji , na kulinda maslahi ya nchi Tatu mkataba wa Bandari ni danganya toto; Wataleta mara ya kwanza baadae wanakatisha.
Tumeoona Uganda wanapitisha 1% ya bidhaa zao zote . 99% wanapitishia Mombasa
The dam is being built on the Blue Nile, 40 kilometres from the Sudanese border. Ethiopia is the source of 85 percent of the river's waters.
But Egypt has long held the majority rights to the Nile. And relies almost entirely on the river for its water needs. Cairo is worried that the dam will affect the water supply downstream.
Image caption Egypt's leader (l) signed the deal, despite expressing reservations
Three African leaders have signed an initial deal to end a long-running dispute over the sharing of Nile waters and the building of Africa's biggest hydroelectric dam, in Ethiopia.
The leaders of Egypt, Ethiopia and Sudan signed the agreement in Sudan's capital, Khartoum.
Egypt has opposed the Great Ethiopian Renaissance Dam, saying it would worsen its water shortages.
Ethiopia says the dam will give it a fairer share of Nile waters.
In 2013, Ethiopia's parliament ratified a controversial treaty to replace colonial-era agreements that gave Egypt and Sudan the biggest share of the Nile's water.
Egypt's then-President Mohamed Morsi said he did not want war but he would not allow Egypt's water supply to be endangered by the dam.
Image copyright AFP Image caption Ethiopia has the support of many African states for building the dam
Mr Morsi's successor, Abdul Fattah al-Sisi signed the deal with Ethiopia's Prime Minister Halemariam Desalegn and Sudan's President Omar al-Bashir.
'Veto power'
The three leaders welcomed the "declaration of principles" agreement in speeches in Khartoum's Republican Palace, and watched a short film about the Grand Renaissance Dam that highlighted how it could benefit the region, the Associated Press news agency reports.
Mr Halemariam said he wanted to give an assurance that the dam would "not cause any harm to downstream countries", Reuters news agency reports.
Mr Sisi said the project remained a source of concern to Egypt.
"The Renaissance Dam project represents a source of development for the millions of Ethiopia's citizens through producing green and sustainable energy, but for their brothers living on the banks of that very Nile in Egypt, and who approximately equal them in numbers, it represents a source of concern and worry," he said.
"This is because the Nile is their only source of water, in fact their source of life."
Ethiopia wants to replace a 1929 treaty written by Britain that awarded Egypt veto power over any project involving the Nile by upstream countries.
Ethiopia says the $4.7bn (£3.1bn) dam will eventually provide 6,000 megawatts of power.
Egypt was apparently caught by surprise when Ethiopia started diverting the Blue Nile - a tributary of the Nile - in 2013.
Ethiopia says the river will be slightly diverted but will then be able to follow its natural course.
Egyptian politicians were inadvertently heard on live TV in 2013, proposing military action over the dam.
The dam is being built on the Blue Nile, 40 kilometres from the Sudanese border. Ethiopia is the source of 85 percent of the river's waters.
But Egypt has long held the majority rights to the Nile. And relies almost entirely on the river for its water needs. Cairo is worried that the dam will affect the water supply downstream.
Image caption Egypt's leader (l) signed the deal, despite expressing reservations
Three African leaders have signed an initial deal to end a long-running dispute over the sharing of Nile waters and the building of Africa's biggest hydroelectric dam, in Ethiopia.
The leaders of Egypt, Ethiopia and Sudan signed the agreement in Sudan's capital, Khartoum.
Egypt has opposed the Great Ethiopian Renaissance Dam, saying it would worsen its water shortages.
Ethiopia says the dam will give it a fairer share of Nile waters.
In 2013, Ethiopia's parliament ratified a controversial treaty to replace colonial-era agreements that gave Egypt and Sudan the biggest share of the Nile's water.
Egypt's then-President Mohamed Morsi said he did not want war but he would not allow Egypt's water supply to be endangered by the dam.
Image copyright AFP Image caption Ethiopia has the support of many African states for building the dam
Mr Morsi's successor, Abdul Fattah al-Sisi signed the deal with Ethiopia's Prime Minister Halemariam Desalegn and Sudan's President Omar al-Bashir.
'Veto power'
The three leaders welcomed the "declaration of principles" agreement in speeches in Khartoum's Republican Palace, and watched a short film about the Grand Renaissance Dam that highlighted how it could benefit the region, the Associated Press news agency reports.
Mr Halemariam said he wanted to give an assurance that the dam would "not cause any harm to downstream countries", Reuters news agency reports.
Mr Sisi said the project remained a source of concern to Egypt.
"The Renaissance Dam project represents a source of development for the millions of Ethiopia's citizens through producing green and sustainable energy, but for their brothers living on the banks of that very Nile in Egypt, and who approximately equal them in numbers, it represents a source of concern and worry," he said.
"This is because the Nile is their only source of water, in fact their source of life."
Ethiopia wants to replace a 1929 treaty written by Britain that awarded Egypt veto power over any project involving the Nile by upstream countries.
Ethiopia says the $4.7bn (£3.1bn) dam will eventually provide 6,000 megawatts of power.
Egypt was apparently caught by surprise when Ethiopia started diverting the Blue Nile - a tributary of the Nile - in 2013.
Ethiopia says the river will be slightly diverted but will then be able to follow its natural course.
Egyptian politicians were inadvertently heard on live TV in 2013, proposing military action over the dam.
The Kagera River near Rusumo Falls forms part of the upper headwaters of the Nile River.
By Kabona Esiara
Two contracts, worth $75 million (about Rwf46 billion), for the initial construction works of the Regional Rusumo Falls Hydroelectric Project have been signed.
The contracts for the power project to generate 80 megawatts of electricity were signed in Kigali on Wednesday.
The first contract was signed between Rusumo Power Company Limited (RPCL), and a consortium of contractors, including CGCOC Group Ltd - Jiangxi Water and Hydropower Construction Company Ltd Joint Venture (CGCOC - JWHC JV).
The Nile Equatorial Lakes Subsidiary Action Programme Coordination Unit signed on behalf of Rusumo Power Company Limited.
The first contract provides for civil works, including supply and installation of hydro-mechanical equipment (the design, dam, waterways, power station and other associated civil engineering works.
The second contract was signed between Rusumo Power Company Limited and a consortium of companies, including German company Rusumo Falls Andritz Hydro GmbH and Indian company Andritz Hydro PVT Ltd, to carry out mechanical and electrical works for power generation.
The generated hydroelectric power will be shared equitably among Burundi, Rwanda and Tanzania.
Eng. Elicad Elly Nyabeeya, the Nile Equatorial Lakes Subsidiary Action Programme Coordination Unit regional coordinator, said they were glad with the steps to move the project forward.
The civil works will formally start at Rusumo site in January 2017, and go on for a period of three years.
Inside the project
But the formal start of the construction works is scheduled for the last week of January and will be witnessed by Energy, Water and Finance Ministers from stakeholder countries, the RPCL board members from respective shareholder countries, and other project key stakeholders, according to officials.
The Regional Rusumo Falls Hydroelectric Project is a Nile Basin Initiative key project prepared through its investment arm the Nile Equatorial Lakes Subsidiary Action Programme Coordination Unit.
Construction of the 80-megawatt Regional Rusumo Falls Hydroelectric Project is financed by the World Bank at a cost of $340 million, while the transmission lines that will connect the power plant to the national grids in the three countries are financed by the African Development Bank (AfDB) at a cost of $121 million.
The Governments of Burundi, Rwanda and Tanzania agreed to jointly develop the project and manage the hydroelectric power plant through Rusumo Power Company Ltd owned by the three countries.
A consortium of two Chinese firms and an Austrian engineering company has been selected to build the 80MW Rusumo hydropower station that is being jointly developed by Rwanda, Tanzania and Burundi.
The Rwanda Energy Group (REG) said China Geo-Engineering Corporation, Jianxi Water and Hydro Construction Ltd and Austria's Andritz Hydro will carry out civil, electronic and mechanical works on the power plant, which is expected to be commissioned in 2019.
The firms are expected to sign a contract with Rusumo Power Company in a week's time, paving the way for construction of the $340 million power generation facility starting early 2017.
Rusumo Power Company Ltd (RPCL) is a limited company, publicly owned and financed by the three countries but privately managed.
Andritz Hydro was qualified for electro-mechanical works, beating 17 other global firms that were prequalified. "The selection of the contractors is not a secret as it has been posted on the World Bank website. We are signing contract agreements next week," said Johnson Lee Pattinson, Rusumo Falls Hydroelectric Project manager.
The African Development Bank 2013 project appraisal says that when completed, the dam is set to increase electricity supply capacity and enable Rwanda, Tanzania and Burundi to plug their energy deficits.
Domestic demand
There are growing concerns in the region that the current electricity generation capacity cannot meet the increasing industrial and domestic demand. Governments are forced to run heavy diesel generators or buy electricity from independent power producers at high feed-in tariffs, thus pushing up end user power tariffs.
AfDB is optimistic that with the completion of the Rusumo dam project, Rwanda and Tanzania will be able to replace some of the energy generated from high cost imported fuel with cheaper hydropower.
"In Burundi, the project will provide 50 per cent of the current peak power demand; this will allow the country to expand its access and other economic activities, and reduce CO2 emissions considerably," AfDB said in its report.
Since 2003, East African countries have been interconnecting their power lines to improve supply, stabilise access and foster trading in electricity across national borders.
Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi and Tanzania agreed to pull out of a proposed regional power sharing pool in favour of the wider East Africa Power Pool (EAPP), under which the EAC Power Pool falls. EAPP is meant to link up nine countries by 2018.
Under the East African Power Pool project, countries are expected to export surplus electricity, whenever available, to neighbouring states in need, given the fact that power production in the region is still unstable due to its dependence on hydroelectric power generation.
Power supply
In Burundi, the plan is to construct 161 km of 220 KV, single circuit transmission line from the power plant to Gitegavia Muyinga substation.
For Rwanda, 119 km of a 220 KV, double circuit transmission line system is to be constructed from Birembo substation through the new Bugesera International Airport substation.
