Hivi ushahidi wa instagram haumfungi mtu

[mdundo ngoma sana]

Nikiangalia jinsi matusi yanavyotiririkaga instagram najiuliza hivi ushahidi wake hautoshi kumfunga mtu.au insta ni ardhi isiyotawalika kisheria?njooni mtujuze

 

[Chaliifrancisco]

Kiufupi nikuwa wengi wanatumia ID fake na pia jeshi letu la polisi haliwezi kupata taarifa za mteja wa Instagram kirahisi.

 

[educator2025]

Nianze kwa kusema mimi ni "BUSH LAWYER" si mwanasheria bali nasoma nasoma makala/majarida ya sheria, ushahidi wowote wenye shaka haumtii mtu hatiani, ni jukumu la mshtaki kuweka mbele ya mahakama ushahidi usio na chembe ya shaka (without ANY reasonable doubt), achilia mbali instagram hata video, au tukio halisi na uliona kwa macho halimfanyi mshtakiwa kupewa hukumu.
** Turudi kwenye swali lako: Hivyo kumtia hatiani mtu kwa matamshi ya Instagram tu bila kuthibitisha kinagaubaga kuwa ni yeye na alikulenga wewe si kazi rahisi. Ufafanuzi huu haumaanishi uanze kutukana hapana, bali nimejaribu kukuonyesha sheria ilivyo objective.

 

[swissme]

ccm police tanzania ni kuteka wapinzani hakuna hata mtu mmoja mwenye ujuzi huo


Swissme

 

[mjingamimi]

Nikiangalia jinsi matusi yanavyotiririkaga instagram najiuliza hivi ushahidi wake hautoshi kumfunga mtu.au insta ni ardhi isiyotawalika kisheria?njooni mtujuze

Magereza si yatajaa.

 

[Retired]

Nikiangalia jinsi matusi yanavyotiririkaga instagram najiuliza hivi ushahidi wake hautoshi kumfunga mtu.au insta ni ardhi isiyotawalika kisheria?njooni mtujuze

ADMISSIBILITY OF ELECTRONIC EVIDENCE IN TANZANIA


ABSTRACT


The rapid increase of employing IT in daily life in Tanzania has brought many challenges. The Tanzanian courts for quite a long time have been relying on the Common Law doctrine of Best Evidence Rule to which the primary evidence in most cases is the written and signed or authenticated documents[1].However the trend has changed recently. This paper therefore tries to give the highlight of Electronic Evidence in Tanzania.



It was not until 2000 when the wisdom of the High Court of Tanzania was called upon to rule whether electronic evidence is admissible as best evidence in the case of Trust Bank Ltd v. Le-Marsh Enterprises Ltd., Joseph Mbui Magari, Lawrence Macharia[2] in this case the court ruled that the electronic evidence is admissible in Tanzania courts and this was a departure from the strict rule of best evidence rule.



In admitting electronic evidence the judge stated that the court should not be ignorant of modern business methods and shut its eyes to the mysteries of the computer.[3]



This decision shows the judicial activism and the role of Judiciary in filling the gaps left by the legislature.



The Legislature[4]on the other hand responded by enacting Electronic Evidence Amendment Act 2007 which provided provision for the reception of electronic evidence in courts of law in Tanzania. The new section has been added in the Tanzania Evidence Act 1967, the said section is section 40 A.

This section provides inter alia that in any criminal proceedings-Information retrieved from computer systems, networks or servers; or records obtained through surveillance of means of preservation of information including facsimile machines, electronic transmission and communication facilities;

the audio or video recording of acts or behaviours or conversation of persons charged, shall be admissible in evidence



Section 76 of the Tanzania Evidence Act was also amended to the effect that the bankers book include the records kept or information system including but not limited to computers and storage devices , magnetic tapes, microfilm, video or computer display screen or any other form of mechanical or electronic data retrieval mechanism.



Section 78 of Tanzania Evidence Act is also amended to include Section 78A a printed out records kept or information system including but not limited to computers and storage devices , magnetic tapes, microfilm, video or computer display screen or any other form of mechanical or electronic data retrieval mechanism or other process which in itself ensures the accuracy of such print out, shall be received as evidence.



Section 78A (2) provides that the records received under section 78A (1) shall be deemed to be a primary evidence and a “document”[5] for the purpose of section 64(1) of the Tanzania Evidence Act.[6]



It is worthwhile to not that the wording of section 40A indicates that the provision is limited to criminal proceedings and not applicable in Civil suits proceedings.



In conclusion suffice to say that Tanzania response to IT challenges is not only in admissibility of electronic evidence but also have gone as far as enacting other IT related legislations[7] and the National ICT Policy of 2002 which indicates the vision of Tanzania government on ICT sector.[8]









REFERENCES:

STATUTES

Electronic Evidence Amendment Act 2007 is found in the Written Laws Miscellaneous Amendment Act 2007

Written Laws Miscellaneous Amendment Act, No. 15 of 2007 available at www.parliament.go.tz

Evidence Act No.6 of 1967 available at www.parliament.go.tz

Copyright And Neighbouring Right Act 1999 available at www.parliament.go.tz

Communications Act 1993 available at www.parliament.go.tz

Tanzania Communications Regulatory Authority Act 2003 available at www.parliament.go.tz

POLICY

National ICT Policy 2002 available at http://www.tanzania.go.tz/pdf/ictpolicy.pdf

CASE LAW

Trust Bank Ltd v. Le-Marsh Enterprises Ltd., Joseph Mbui Magari, Lawrence Macharia Commercial Case No. 4 of 2000

THE LINKS

1. http://www.uneca.org/aisi/nici/Documents/CyberLawsEJust2006/CYBER LAW-EAC by Adam Mambi.ppt visited on 09/10/2007

2.www.parliament.go.tz visited on 10/10/2007

3. http://www.tanzania.go.tz/pdf/ictpolicy.pdf visited on 10/10/2007

4. http://www.lrct-tz.org visited on 10/10/2007

5. www.tcra.go.org visited on 10/10/2007





[1]Documents in this respect do not include those kept in electronic form http://www.uneca.org/aisi/nici/Documents/CyberLawsEJust2006/CYBER LAW-EAC by Adam Mambi.ppt visited on 09/10/2007

[2] Commercial Case No. 4 of 2000

[3] Trust Bank Ltd. V. Le-Marsh Enterprises Ltd., Joseph Mbui Magari, Lawrence Macharia ( supra).

[4] www.parliament.go.tz visited on 10/10/2007

[5] However there is ambiguity here, does this mean the printed out information or even the information in the soft copy ( the information recorded or stored in the computer or other electronic device as stated in section 40A before being printed out) ? Or any form be it soft copy or hard copy?

[6] Act No. Of 1967

[7] Copyright and Neighbouring Rights Act 1999 and the Tanzania Communications Regulatory Authority Act 2003, all these Acts can be found at www.parliament.go.tz

[8] http://www.tanzania.go.tz/pdf/ictpolicy.pdf visited on 10/10/200

 

[Castr]

ADMISSIBILITY OF ELECTRONIC EVIDENCE IN TANZANIA
.....
It was not until 2000 when the wisdom of the High Court of Tanzania was called upon to rule whether electronic evidence is admissible as best evidence in the case of Trust Bank Ltd v. Le-Marsh Enterprises Ltd., Joseph Mbui Magari, Lawrence Macharia[2] in this case the court ruled that the electronic evidence is admissible in Tanzania courts and this was a departure from the strict rule of best evidence rule.

Aisee, mkuu badala ya hii post ndefu ungeweza kuandika tu kua ushahidi wake mahakamni unatumika na kukubalika na ukaweka reference na kuicite hiyo kesi ya Trust bank ili kusindikizia hoja yako.

Kisha ukasema kua hata hivyo shughuli huja kwenye kuprove kua kweli kinachodaiwa ndiyo hiko hiko, yaani tunaona akaunti ya Castr imetukana lakini je ni kwelisiku hiyo Castr ndiyo aliandika matusi?
Ni kweli kwamba akaunti anaimiliki Castr, siyo mtu tu ameamua kutumia hilo jina? (Hapo ni kama siyo fake id, kama ni fake mlolongo unazidi kuwa mrefu).

Pia video au audio zinaweza kua zimetengenezwa, hivyo na zenyewe zinaweza zikaleta shaka na hapo itahitajika kuthibitisha uhalisi wa hiyo video/ audio.

 

[Retired]

Aisee, mkuu badala ya hii post ndefu ungeweza kuandika tu kua ushahidi wake mahakamni unatumika na kukubalika na ukaweka reference na kuicite hiyo kesi ya Trust bank ili kusindikizia hoja yako.

Kisha ukasema kua hata hivyo shughuli huja kwenye kuprove kua kweli kinachodaiwa ndiyo hiko hiko, yaani tunaona akaunti ya Castr imetukana lakini je ni kwelisiku hiyo Castr ndiyo aliandika matusi?
Ni kweli kwamba akaunti anaimiliki Castr, siyo mtu tu ameamua kutumia hilo jina? (Hapo ni kama siyo fake id, kama ni fake mlolongo unazidi kuwa mrefu).

Pia video au audio zinaweza kua zimetengenezwa, hivyo na zenyewe zinaweza zikaleta shaka na hapo itahitajika kuthibitisha uhalisi wa hiyo video/ audio.

Kuna watu wako interested kupata the whole version, sema ningeliweka link! I will edit anyway

 

[Joseverest]

asee hatari ngoja nijifunze

 

[Mwanamayu]

Hivi ukitukanwa face to face utasubiri jamhuri imkamate na kumshitaki mahakamani aliyekutukana?