JamiiTalks
JF Advocacy Team
- Aug 7, 2018
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Wizara ya Afya imetoa ufafanuzi wa kina kuhusu masuala mbalimbali yahusuyo chanjo ya COVID-19. Tazama uone namna chanjo inafanya kazi na masuala mengine muhimu.
Je, Vijana wanaweza kulazwa kwa Covid-19
DKT. ISAAC MARO: VIJANA HUWEZA KULAZWA AU KUFARIKI KWA #COVID19
Daktari Isaac Maro anaeleza kuwa vijana wote wanalo jukumu la msingi katika kupambana na Corona. Aidha, katika hili anaweka bayana kuwa vijana pia wanaweza kupata maambukizi ya corona na kupelekea kupata matokeo mabaya kama vile, kulazwa kwa muda mrefu na hata kupoteza maisha
Daktari Maro anawasisitiza vijana kuendelea kuchukua hatua zote zinazopendekezwa katika kujilinda na janga la corona
Zaidi ya hayo, Daktari anatoa wito kwa vijana wote kujitokeza kuchanjwa ili kujikinga wao na watu wao wa karibu dhidi ya #coronavirus
Chanjo na uzazi
PROF. HARUNA NYAGORI: CHANJO YA #COVID19 HAINGILII MFUMO WA UZAZI
Prof. Haruna Nyagori anapinga nadharia zote zinazoihusisha chanjo ya #coronavirus na kupunguza nguvu za kiume pamoja na kuharibu mayai ya uzazi kwa mwanamke
Anabainisha kuwa chanjo ya corona haingilii mfumo wa uzazi bali hujihusisha na kujenga mfumo wa kinga mwili. Mfumo wa uzazi unajitegemea na hauingiliani kabisa na mfumo wa kinga za mwili.
PROF. HARUNA NYAGORI: MAAMBUKIZI YA #COVID19 HAYACHAGUI UMRI
Prof. Nyagori anapinga nadharia inayouhusisha uambukizwaji wa #coronavirus na umri fulani
Anabainisha kuwa kuambukizwa corona hakuchagui umri wowote, kuna watoto wa umri wa chini ya miaka mitano na kundi kubwa la vijana ambalo limeambukizwa
Profesa anatoa rai kwa vijana wote kujitokeza kupata chanjo ili kujilinda wao na kuwalinda wazee wao ambao wapo katika hatari zaidi.
Zifahamu aina 4 za Chanjo zilizoidhinishwa Tanzania
Serikali ya Tanzania kupitia Wizara ya Afya imeidhinisha chanjo za Pfizer, Johnson & Johnson, Moderna na Sinovac & Sinopharm kutolewa Vituo mbalimbali.
1. Fahamu zaidi chanjo aina ya Pfizer
Pfizer ni miongoni mwa chanjo zilizohakikiwa na kuthibitishwa na Shirika la Afya duniani. Wataalamu wa chanjo hii wanaeleza kuwa chanjo hii ni salama kutumika kwa watu wa kuanzia miaka 12 na zaidi
Chanjo ya Pfizer imethibitika kuwa salama na fanisi kwa makundi mbalimbali kama vile Wajawazito, wanaonyonyesha, wazee, watu Ukimwi, na wengine wenye magonjwa mbalimbali.
Chanjo hii inatolewa kwa dozi mbili ambapo inaelezwa dozi ya kwanza inaanza kufanya kazi na kuleta mabadiliko katika mwili siku 12 baada ya kuchanjwa. Baada ya kupata dozi ya kwanza unashauriwa kukaa walau siku 21 mpaka 28 ndipo upate dozi ya pili
===
Here is what you need to know.
According to SAGE, the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 mRNA vaccine is safe and effective. The priority is to start vaccinating health workers at high risk of exposure, followed by older adults, before immunizing the rest of the population.
Countries can refer to the WHO Prioritization Roadmap and the WHO Values Framework as guidance for their prioritization of target groups.
This includes hypertension, diabetes, asthma, pulmonary, liver or kidney disease, as well as chronic infections that are stable and controlled.
Further studies are required for the impacts on immune-compromised persons. The interim recommendation is that immune-compromised persons who are part of a group recommended for vaccination may be vaccinated, though when possible, not before receiving information and counselling.
Persons living with HIV are at higher risk of severe COVID-19 disease. Limited safety data exists on HIV-infected persons with well controlled disease from the clinical trials. Known HIV-positive vaccine recipients should be informed, and when possible, counselled in relation to the available data.
Vaccination can be offered to people who have had COVID-19 in the past. But given the limited vaccine supply, individuals may wish to defer their own COVID-19 vaccination for up to 6 months from the time of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Vaccine effectiveness is expected to be similar in lactating women as in other adults. WHO recommends the use of the vaccine in lactating women as in other adults. WHO does not recommend discontinuing breastfeeding because of vaccination.
Who should not take the vaccine?
People with a history of severe allergic reaction to any component of the vaccine should not take it.
There are currently no efficacy or safety data for children below the age of 12 years. Until such data are available, individuals below 12 years of age should not be routinely vaccinated.
Evidence suggests that adolescents, particularly older adolescents, are as likely to transmit SARS-CoV-2 as adults. WHO recommends that countries should consider using the vaccine in children aged 12 to 15 only when high vaccine coverage with 2 doses has been achieved in the high priority groups as identified in the WHO Prioritization Roadmap.
Children 12-15 years of age with comorbidities that put them at significantly higher risk of serious COVID-19 disease, alongside other high-risk groups, may be offered vaccination.
Studies have shown a high public health impact where the interval has been longer than that recommended by the EUL. Accordingly, countries facing a high incidence of COVID-19 combined with severe vaccine supply constraints could consider delaying the second dose up to 12 weeks in order to achieve a higher first dose coverage in high priority populations.
The Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety, a group of experts that provides independent and authoritative guidance to WHO on the topic of safe vaccine use, receives and assesses reports of suspected safety events of potentially international impact.
Chanjo ya Johnson & Johson imethibitika kuwa salama na fanisi kwa makundi mbalimbali kama vile Wajawazito, wanaonyonyesha, wazee, watu Ukimwi, na wengine wenye matatizo mbalimbali ya kiafya.
Chanjo hii inatolewa kwa dozi moja ambapo baada ya kuchomwa sindano itachukua siku 21 mpaka 28 mwili kujenga kinga dhidi ya Covid-19.
Zaidi soma
Countries can refer to the WHO Prioritization Roadmap and the WHO Values Framework as guidance for their prioritization of target groups.
Persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are at higher risk of severe COVID-19 disease. This population group was included in clinical trials and no safety concerns were observed. It is recommended that known HIV-positive vaccine recipients be provided with information and counselling prior to vaccination. Further studies are needed to assess vaccine efficacy for persons with HIV; it is possible that the immune response to the vaccine may be reduced which would lower the vaccine’s effectiveness.
The J&J vaccine can be offered to people who have had COVID-19 in the past. But individuals may wish to defer their own COVID-19 vaccination for up to six months from the time of SARS-CoV-2 infection, to allow others who may need the vaccine more urgently to go first.
This vaccine can be offered to a breastfeeding woman who is part of a group recommended for the vaccination (e.g. health workers); discontinuing breastfeeding after vaccination is not currently recommended.
Who is the vaccine not recommended for?
Individuals with a history of anaphylaxis to any component of the vaccine should not take it.
Anyone with a body temperature over 38.5ºC should postpone vaccination until they no longer have a fever.
The vaccine is not recommended for persons younger than 18 years of age pending the results of further studies in that age group.
What’s the recommended dosage?
SAGE recommends the use of Janssen Ad26.CoV2.S as one dose (0.5 ml) given intramuscularly.
There should be a minimum interval of 14 days between the administration of this vaccine and any other vaccine against other health conditions. This recommendation may be amended as data on co-administration with other vaccines become available.
How does this vaccine compare to the dual dose vaccines already in use?
We cannot compare the vaccines head-to-head due to the different approaches taken in designing the respective studies, but overall, all of the vaccines that have achieved WHO Emergency Use Listing are highly effective in preventing severe disease and hospitalization due to COVID-19.
Is it safe?
SAGE has thoroughly assessed the data on quality, safety and efficacy of the vaccine and has recommended its use for people aged 18 and above.
This vaccine has also undergone review by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and found to be safe for use.
How efficacious is the vaccine?
28 days after inoculation Janssen Ad26.CoV2.S was found to have an efficacy of 85.4% against severe disease and 93.1 % against hospitalization.
A single dose of Janssen Ad26.COV2.S was found in clinical trials to have an efficacy of 66.9% against symptomatic moderate and severe SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Pfizer ni miongoni mwa chanjo zilizohakikiwa na kuthibitishwa na Shirika la Afya duniani. Wataalamu wa chanjo hii wanaeleza kuwa chanjo hii ni salama kutumika kwa watu wa kuanzia miaka 12 na zaidi
3. Fahamu zaidi kuhusu chanjo aina ya Moderna
Chanjo ya Moderna imethibitika kuwa salama na fanisi kutumika kukinga Covidi-19 kwa watu wa kaunzia umri wa miaka kumi na nane na zaidi. Pia chanjo hii imethibitika kuwa salama kwa wanaonyonyesha, wazee, wenye VVU, na wengine wenye magonjwa mbalimbali.
Chanjo hii inatolewa kwa dozi mbili ambapo inaelezwa dozi ya kwanza inaanza kufanya kazi na kuleta mabadiliko katika mwili siku 12 baada ya kuchanjwa. Baada ya kupata dozi ya kwanza unatakiwa kukaa si chini ya siku 28 ndipo upate dozi ya pili.
Chanjo hii inaelezwa kuwa na ufanisi wa asilimia 94.1 kupambana na maambukizi na virusi vya Covid-19
Zaidi soma:
The WHO Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) has issued interim recommendations for the use of the Moderna COVID-19 (mRNA-1273) vaccine against COVID-19. This article provides a summary of those interim recommendations; you may access the full guidance document here.
Here is what you need to know.
As more vaccine becomes available, additional priority groups should be vaccinated, with attention to people disproportionately affected by COVID-19 or who face health inequities.
Although further studies are required for immunocompromised persons, people in this category who are part of a group recommended for vaccination may be vaccinated after receiving information and counselling.
Persons living with HIV are at higher risk of severe COVID-19 disease. Known HIV-positive vaccine recipients should be provided with information and counselling.
Vaccination can be offered to people who have had COVID-19 in the past. But individuals may wish to defer their own COVID-19 vaccination for up to six months from the time of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Vaccine effectiveness is expected to be similar in lactating women as in other adults. WHO recommends the use of the vaccine in lactating women as in other adults. WHO does not recommend discontinuing breastfeeding because of vaccination.
Should pregnant women be vaccinated?
WHO recommends the use of the COVID-19 vaccine in pregnant women when the benefits of vaccination to the pregnant woman outweigh the potential risks. To help pregnant women make this assessment, they should be provided with information about the risks of COVID-19 in pregnancy, the likely benefits of vaccination in the local epidemiological context, and the current limitations of safety data in pregnant women. WHO does not recommend pregnancy testing prior to vaccination. WHO does not recommend delaying pregnancy or terminating pregnancy because of vaccination.
While vaccination is recommended for older persons due to the high risk of severe COVID-19 and death, very frail older persons with an anticipated life expectancy of less than 3 months should be individually assessed.
The vaccine should not be administered to persons younger than 18 years of age pending the results of further studies.
Studies have shown a high public health impact where the interval has been longer than that recommended by the EUL. Accordingly, countries facing a high incidence of COVID-19 combined with severe vaccine supply constraints could consider delaying the second dose up to 12 weeks in order to achieve a higher first dose coverage in high priority populations.
Compliance with the full schedule is recommended and the same product should be used for both doses.
The EMA has thoroughly assessed the data on the quality, safety and efficacy of the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine and authorized its use across the European Union.
SAGE recommends that all vaccinees be observed for at least 15 minutes after vaccination. Those who experience an immediate severe allergic reaction to the first dose should not receive additional doses.
4. Fahamu kuhusu chanjo aina ya Astrazeneca
Chanjo hii imethibitishwa na Shirika la Afya Duniani (WHO) kuwa salama na fanisi kutumika kukinga #CoronaVirus kwa Watu wenye miaka 18 na zaidi. Imethibitika kuwa ni salama kwa walio na matatizo ya kiafya kama VVU, Pumu na pia wenye mahitaji maalum
Chanjo hii inatolewa kwa Dozi mbili ambapo baada ya kupata Dozi ya kwanza unashauriwa kukaa wiki 8 mpaka 12 ndipo upate Dozi ya pili
Zaidi soma
Countries can refer to the WHO Prioritization RoadmapWHO SAGE Roadmap For Prioritizing Uses Of COVID-19 Vaccines In The Context Of Limited Supply and the WHO Values Framework as guidance for their prioritization of target groups.
Although further studies are required for persons living with HIV or auto-immune conditions or who are immunocompromised, people in this category who are part of a group recommended for vaccination may be vaccinated after receiving information and counselling.
Vaccination can be offered to people who have had COVID-19 in the past. But individuals may wish to defer their own COVID-19 vaccination for up to six months from the time of SARS-CoV-2 infection, to allow others who may need the vaccine more urgently to go first.
Vaccination can be offered to breastfeeding women if they are part of a group prioritized for vaccination. WHO does not recommend discontinuation of breastfeeding after vaccination.
Additional research is needed to understand longer-term potential protection after a single dose.
The EMA has thoroughly assessed the data on the quality, safety and efficacy of the vaccine and has recommended granting a conditional marketing authorisation for people aged 18 and above.
The Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety, a group of experts that provides independent and authoritative guidance to the WHO on the topic of safe vaccine use, receives and assesses reports of suspected safety events of potentially international impact.
Longer dose intervals within the 8 to 12 weeks range are associated with greater vaccine efficacy.
Preliminary findings highlight the urgent need for a coordinated approach for surveillance and evaluation of variants and their potential impact on vaccine effectiveness. As new data become available, WHO will update recommendations accordingly.
Je, Vijana wanaweza kulazwa kwa Covid-19
DKT. ISAAC MARO: VIJANA HUWEZA KULAZWA AU KUFARIKI KWA #COVID19
Daktari Isaac Maro anaeleza kuwa vijana wote wanalo jukumu la msingi katika kupambana na Corona. Aidha, katika hili anaweka bayana kuwa vijana pia wanaweza kupata maambukizi ya corona na kupelekea kupata matokeo mabaya kama vile, kulazwa kwa muda mrefu na hata kupoteza maisha
Daktari Maro anawasisitiza vijana kuendelea kuchukua hatua zote zinazopendekezwa katika kujilinda na janga la corona
Zaidi ya hayo, Daktari anatoa wito kwa vijana wote kujitokeza kuchanjwa ili kujikinga wao na watu wao wa karibu dhidi ya #coronavirus
Chanjo na uzazi
PROF. HARUNA NYAGORI: CHANJO YA #COVID19 HAINGILII MFUMO WA UZAZI
Prof. Haruna Nyagori anapinga nadharia zote zinazoihusisha chanjo ya #coronavirus na kupunguza nguvu za kiume pamoja na kuharibu mayai ya uzazi kwa mwanamke
Anabainisha kuwa chanjo ya corona haingilii mfumo wa uzazi bali hujihusisha na kujenga mfumo wa kinga mwili. Mfumo wa uzazi unajitegemea na hauingiliani kabisa na mfumo wa kinga za mwili.
PROF. HARUNA NYAGORI: MAAMBUKIZI YA #COVID19 HAYACHAGUI UMRI
Prof. Nyagori anapinga nadharia inayouhusisha uambukizwaji wa #coronavirus na umri fulani
Anabainisha kuwa kuambukizwa corona hakuchagui umri wowote, kuna watoto wa umri wa chini ya miaka mitano na kundi kubwa la vijana ambalo limeambukizwa
Profesa anatoa rai kwa vijana wote kujitokeza kupata chanjo ili kujilinda wao na kuwalinda wazee wao ambao wapo katika hatari zaidi.
Zifahamu aina 4 za Chanjo zilizoidhinishwa Tanzania
Serikali ya Tanzania kupitia Wizara ya Afya imeidhinisha chanjo za Pfizer, Johnson & Johnson, Moderna na Sinovac & Sinopharm kutolewa Vituo mbalimbali.
1. Fahamu zaidi chanjo aina ya Pfizer
Pfizer ni miongoni mwa chanjo zilizohakikiwa na kuthibitishwa na Shirika la Afya duniani. Wataalamu wa chanjo hii wanaeleza kuwa chanjo hii ni salama kutumika kwa watu wa kuanzia miaka 12 na zaidi
Chanjo ya Pfizer imethibitika kuwa salama na fanisi kwa makundi mbalimbali kama vile Wajawazito, wanaonyonyesha, wazee, watu Ukimwi, na wengine wenye magonjwa mbalimbali.
Chanjo hii inatolewa kwa dozi mbili ambapo inaelezwa dozi ya kwanza inaanza kufanya kazi na kuleta mabadiliko katika mwili siku 12 baada ya kuchanjwa. Baada ya kupata dozi ya kwanza unashauriwa kukaa walau siku 21 mpaka 28 ndipo upate dozi ya pili
===
Here is what you need to know.
According to SAGE, the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 mRNA vaccine is safe and effective. The priority is to start vaccinating health workers at high risk of exposure, followed by older adults, before immunizing the rest of the population.
Who should be vaccinated first?
While vaccine supplies are limited, it is recommended that priority be given to health workers at high risk of exposure and older people, including those aged 65 or older.Countries can refer to the WHO Prioritization Roadmap and the WHO Values Framework as guidance for their prioritization of target groups.
Who else can take the vaccine?
The vaccine has been found to be safe and effective in people with various conditions that are associated with increased risk of severe disease.This includes hypertension, diabetes, asthma, pulmonary, liver or kidney disease, as well as chronic infections that are stable and controlled.
Further studies are required for the impacts on immune-compromised persons. The interim recommendation is that immune-compromised persons who are part of a group recommended for vaccination may be vaccinated, though when possible, not before receiving information and counselling.
Persons living with HIV are at higher risk of severe COVID-19 disease. Limited safety data exists on HIV-infected persons with well controlled disease from the clinical trials. Known HIV-positive vaccine recipients should be informed, and when possible, counselled in relation to the available data.
Vaccination can be offered to people who have had COVID-19 in the past. But given the limited vaccine supply, individuals may wish to defer their own COVID-19 vaccination for up to 6 months from the time of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Vaccine effectiveness is expected to be similar in lactating women as in other adults. WHO recommends the use of the vaccine in lactating women as in other adults. WHO does not recommend discontinuing breastfeeding because of vaccination.
Should pregnant women be vaccinated?
WHO recommends the use of the COVID-19 vaccine in pregnant women when the benefits of vaccination to the pregnant woman outweigh the potential risks. To help pregnant women make this assessment, they should be provided with information about the risks of COVID-19 in pregnancy, the likely benefits of vaccination in the local epidemiological context, and the current limitations of safety data in pregnant women. WHO does not recommend pregnancy testing prior to vaccination. WHO does not recommend delaying pregnancy or terminating pregnancy because of vaccination.Who should not take the vaccine?
People with a history of severe allergic reaction to any component of the vaccine should not take it.
There are currently no efficacy or safety data for children below the age of 12 years. Until such data are available, individuals below 12 years of age should not be routinely vaccinated.
Is this vaccine recommended for adolescents?
A Phase 3 trial in children aged 12-15 years showed high efficacy and good safety in this age group, leading to an extension of the previous age indication from 16 years onwards down to age 12 onwards.Evidence suggests that adolescents, particularly older adolescents, are as likely to transmit SARS-CoV-2 as adults. WHO recommends that countries should consider using the vaccine in children aged 12 to 15 only when high vaccine coverage with 2 doses has been achieved in the high priority groups as identified in the WHO Prioritization Roadmap.
Children 12-15 years of age with comorbidities that put them at significantly higher risk of serious COVID-19 disease, alongside other high-risk groups, may be offered vaccination.
What is the recommended dosage?
A protective effect starts to develop 12 days after the first dose, but full protection requires two doses which WHO recommends be administered with a 21 to 28-day interval. Additional research is needed to understand longer-term potential protection after a single dose. It is currently recommended that the same product should be used for both doses.Studies have shown a high public health impact where the interval has been longer than that recommended by the EUL. Accordingly, countries facing a high incidence of COVID-19 combined with severe vaccine supply constraints could consider delaying the second dose up to 12 weeks in order to achieve a higher first dose coverage in high priority populations.
Is it safe?
WHO granted the Pfizer BioNTech vaccine EUL on 31 December 2020. WHO has thoroughly assessed the quality, safety, and efficacy of the vaccine and has recommended its use for persons above the age of 16.The Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety, a group of experts that provides independent and authoritative guidance to WHO on the topic of safe vaccine use, receives and assesses reports of suspected safety events of potentially international impact.
2. Fahamu kuhusu chanjo aina ya Johnson & Johnson
Johnson & Johnson ni chanjo iliyohakikiwa na kuthibitishwa na Shirika la Afya duniani kuwa ni salama kutumika katika kupambana na maabukizi ya Covid-19. Wataalamu wa chanjo hii wanaeleza kuwa chanjo hii ni mahususi kutumika kwa watu wenye umri kuanzia miaka 18 na zaidi.Chanjo ya Johnson & Johson imethibitika kuwa salama na fanisi kwa makundi mbalimbali kama vile Wajawazito, wanaonyonyesha, wazee, watu Ukimwi, na wengine wenye matatizo mbalimbali ya kiafya.
Chanjo hii inatolewa kwa dozi moja ambapo baada ya kuchomwa sindano itachukua siku 21 mpaka 28 mwili kujenga kinga dhidi ya Covid-19.
Zaidi soma
Who should be vaccinated first?
While COVID-19 vaccine supplies are limited, health workers at high risk of exposure and older people should be prioritised for vaccination.Countries can refer to the WHO Prioritization Roadmap and the WHO Values Framework as guidance for their prioritization of target groups.
Who else can take the vaccine?
The vaccine is safe and effective in people with known medical conditions associated with increased risk of severe disease, such as hypertension, chronic lung disease, significant cardiac disease, obesity, and diabetes.Persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are at higher risk of severe COVID-19 disease. This population group was included in clinical trials and no safety concerns were observed. It is recommended that known HIV-positive vaccine recipients be provided with information and counselling prior to vaccination. Further studies are needed to assess vaccine efficacy for persons with HIV; it is possible that the immune response to the vaccine may be reduced which would lower the vaccine’s effectiveness.
The J&J vaccine can be offered to people who have had COVID-19 in the past. But individuals may wish to defer their own COVID-19 vaccination for up to six months from the time of SARS-CoV-2 infection, to allow others who may need the vaccine more urgently to go first.
This vaccine can be offered to a breastfeeding woman who is part of a group recommended for the vaccination (e.g. health workers); discontinuing breastfeeding after vaccination is not currently recommended.
Should pregnant women be vaccinated?
WHO recommends the use of the COVID-19 vaccine in pregnant women only if the benefits of vaccination to the pregnant woman outweigh the potential risks. To help pregnant women make this assessment, they should be provided with information about the risks of COVID-19 in pregnancy, the likely benefits of vaccination in the local epidemiological context, and the current limitations of safety data in pregnant women. WHO does not recommend pregnancy testing prior to vaccination. WHO does not recommend delaying pregnancy or terminating pregnancy because of vaccination. While pregnancy puts women at higher risk of severe COVID-19, very little data are available to assess vaccine safety in pregnancy.Who is the vaccine not recommended for?
Individuals with a history of anaphylaxis to any component of the vaccine should not take it.
Anyone with a body temperature over 38.5ºC should postpone vaccination until they no longer have a fever.
The vaccine is not recommended for persons younger than 18 years of age pending the results of further studies in that age group.
What’s the recommended dosage?
SAGE recommends the use of Janssen Ad26.CoV2.S as one dose (0.5 ml) given intramuscularly.
There should be a minimum interval of 14 days between the administration of this vaccine and any other vaccine against other health conditions. This recommendation may be amended as data on co-administration with other vaccines become available.
How does this vaccine compare to the dual dose vaccines already in use?
We cannot compare the vaccines head-to-head due to the different approaches taken in designing the respective studies, but overall, all of the vaccines that have achieved WHO Emergency Use Listing are highly effective in preventing severe disease and hospitalization due to COVID-19.
Is it safe?
SAGE has thoroughly assessed the data on quality, safety and efficacy of the vaccine and has recommended its use for people aged 18 and above.
This vaccine has also undergone review by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and found to be safe for use.
How efficacious is the vaccine?
28 days after inoculation Janssen Ad26.CoV2.S was found to have an efficacy of 85.4% against severe disease and 93.1 % against hospitalization.
A single dose of Janssen Ad26.COV2.S was found in clinical trials to have an efficacy of 66.9% against symptomatic moderate and severe SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Pfizer ni miongoni mwa chanjo zilizohakikiwa na kuthibitishwa na Shirika la Afya duniani. Wataalamu wa chanjo hii wanaeleza kuwa chanjo hii ni salama kutumika kwa watu wa kuanzia miaka 12 na zaidi
3. Fahamu zaidi kuhusu chanjo aina ya Moderna
Chanjo ya Moderna imethibitika kuwa salama na fanisi kutumika kukinga Covidi-19 kwa watu wa kaunzia umri wa miaka kumi na nane na zaidi. Pia chanjo hii imethibitika kuwa salama kwa wanaonyonyesha, wazee, wenye VVU, na wengine wenye magonjwa mbalimbali.
Chanjo hii inatolewa kwa dozi mbili ambapo inaelezwa dozi ya kwanza inaanza kufanya kazi na kuleta mabadiliko katika mwili siku 12 baada ya kuchanjwa. Baada ya kupata dozi ya kwanza unatakiwa kukaa si chini ya siku 28 ndipo upate dozi ya pili.
Chanjo hii inaelezwa kuwa na ufanisi wa asilimia 94.1 kupambana na maambukizi na virusi vya Covid-19
Zaidi soma:
The WHO Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) has issued interim recommendations for the use of the Moderna COVID-19 (mRNA-1273) vaccine against COVID-19. This article provides a summary of those interim recommendations; you may access the full guidance document here.
Here is what you need to know.
Who should be vaccinated first?
As with all COVID-19 vaccines, health workers at high risk of exposure and older people should be prioritized for vaccination.As more vaccine becomes available, additional priority groups should be vaccinated, with attention to people disproportionately affected by COVID-19 or who face health inequities.
Who else can take the vaccine?
The comorbidities studied in in the phase 3 clinical trial included chronic lung disease, significant cardiac disease, severe obesity, diabetes, liver disease and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Vaccination is recommended for persons with such comorbidities that have been identified as increasing the risk of severe COVID-19.Although further studies are required for immunocompromised persons, people in this category who are part of a group recommended for vaccination may be vaccinated after receiving information and counselling.
Persons living with HIV are at higher risk of severe COVID-19 disease. Known HIV-positive vaccine recipients should be provided with information and counselling.
Vaccination can be offered to people who have had COVID-19 in the past. But individuals may wish to defer their own COVID-19 vaccination for up to six months from the time of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Vaccine effectiveness is expected to be similar in lactating women as in other adults. WHO recommends the use of the vaccine in lactating women as in other adults. WHO does not recommend discontinuing breastfeeding because of vaccination.
Should pregnant women be vaccinated?
WHO recommends the use of the COVID-19 vaccine in pregnant women when the benefits of vaccination to the pregnant woman outweigh the potential risks. To help pregnant women make this assessment, they should be provided with information about the risks of COVID-19 in pregnancy, the likely benefits of vaccination in the local epidemiological context, and the current limitations of safety data in pregnant women. WHO does not recommend pregnancy testing prior to vaccination. WHO does not recommend delaying pregnancy or terminating pregnancy because of vaccination.
Who should not take the vaccine?
Individuals with a history of severe allergic reaction to any component of the vaccine should not take this or any other mRNA vaccine.While vaccination is recommended for older persons due to the high risk of severe COVID-19 and death, very frail older persons with an anticipated life expectancy of less than 3 months should be individually assessed.
The vaccine should not be administered to persons younger than 18 years of age pending the results of further studies.
What’s the recommended dosage?
SAGE recommends the use of the Moderna mRNA-1273 vaccine at a schedule of two doses (100 µg, 0.5 ml each) 28 days apart. If necessary, the interval between the doses may be extended to 42 days.Studies have shown a high public health impact where the interval has been longer than that recommended by the EUL. Accordingly, countries facing a high incidence of COVID-19 combined with severe vaccine supply constraints could consider delaying the second dose up to 12 weeks in order to achieve a higher first dose coverage in high priority populations.
Compliance with the full schedule is recommended and the same product should be used for both doses.
Is it safe?
On 30 April, WHO listed the Moderna vaccine for emergency use. WHO’s Emergency Use Listing (EUL) assesses the quality, safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines and is a prerequisite for COVAX Facility vaccine supply.The EMA has thoroughly assessed the data on the quality, safety and efficacy of the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine and authorized its use across the European Union.
SAGE recommends that all vaccinees be observed for at least 15 minutes after vaccination. Those who experience an immediate severe allergic reaction to the first dose should not receive additional doses.
4. Fahamu kuhusu chanjo aina ya Astrazeneca
Chanjo hii imethibitishwa na Shirika la Afya Duniani (WHO) kuwa salama na fanisi kutumika kukinga #CoronaVirus kwa Watu wenye miaka 18 na zaidi. Imethibitika kuwa ni salama kwa walio na matatizo ya kiafya kama VVU, Pumu na pia wenye mahitaji maalum
Chanjo hii inatolewa kwa Dozi mbili ambapo baada ya kupata Dozi ya kwanza unashauriwa kukaa wiki 8 mpaka 12 ndipo upate Dozi ya pili
Zaidi soma
Who should be vaccinated first?
While vaccine supplies are limited, it is recommended that priority be given to health workers at high risk of exposure and older people, including those aged 65 or older.Countries can refer to the WHO Prioritization RoadmapWHO SAGE Roadmap For Prioritizing Uses Of COVID-19 Vaccines In The Context Of Limited Supply and the WHO Values Framework as guidance for their prioritization of target groups.
Who else can take the vaccine?
Vaccination is recommended for persons with comorbidities that have been identified as increasing the risk of severe COVID-19, including obesity, cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease and diabetes.Although further studies are required for persons living with HIV or auto-immune conditions or who are immunocompromised, people in this category who are part of a group recommended for vaccination may be vaccinated after receiving information and counselling.
Vaccination can be offered to people who have had COVID-19 in the past. But individuals may wish to defer their own COVID-19 vaccination for up to six months from the time of SARS-CoV-2 infection, to allow others who may need the vaccine more urgently to go first.
Vaccination can be offered to breastfeeding women if they are part of a group prioritized for vaccination. WHO does not recommend discontinuation of breastfeeding after vaccination.
What’s the recommended dosage?
The recommended dosage is two doses given intramuscularly (0.5ml each) with an interval of 8 to 12 weeks.Additional research is needed to understand longer-term potential protection after a single dose.
Is it safe?
Two versions of the vaccine – produced by AstraZeneca-SKBio (Republic of Korea) and the Serum Institute of India – have been listed for emergency use by WHO. When the vaccine underwent SAGE consideration, it had undergone review by the European Medicines Agency (EMA).The EMA has thoroughly assessed the data on the quality, safety and efficacy of the vaccine and has recommended granting a conditional marketing authorisation for people aged 18 and above.
The Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety, a group of experts that provides independent and authoritative guidance to the WHO on the topic of safe vaccine use, receives and assesses reports of suspected safety events of potentially international impact.
How efficacious is the vaccine?
The AZD1222 vaccine against COVID-19 has an efficacy of 63.09% against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection.Longer dose intervals within the 8 to 12 weeks range are associated with greater vaccine efficacy.
Does it work against new variants?
SAGE has reviewed all available data on the performance of the vaccine in the settings of variants of concern. SAGE currently recommends the use of AZD1222 vaccine according to the WHO Prioritization Roadmap, even if virus variants are present in a country. Countries should assess the risks and benefits taking into consideration their epidemiological situation.Preliminary findings highlight the urgent need for a coordinated approach for surveillance and evaluation of variants and their potential impact on vaccine effectiveness. As new data become available, WHO will update recommendations accordingly.
