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Ndugu sio kwamba tu nimesoma chuo kikuu cha Nairobi bali vyuo kadhaa ya Ulaya pia. Mimi mwenyewe nimewafundisha wanafunzi wa Tanzania ambao walisoma Makerere University na wengine ambao walitoka Chuo Kikuu Dar es Salaam na pia Nairobi.
Niliwafundisha kazi nilipokuwa Tanzania. Tafauti katika masomo kwenye vyuo vyetu vya Afrika Mashariki ipo, tena kubwa. Baada ya kuwafundisha wanafunzi hawa nilitowa mapendekezo yangu kwamba waende ngambo kwa masomo zaidi ya M.Sc.Baadhi yao walipelekwa na sasa weing wao ni Directors.
By ABDULSAMAD ALI
Special Correspondent
Oxfam International has warned African countries negotiating Economic Partnership Agreements (EPA) with the EU that Europe intends to be the only beneficiary of the agreement. In a 12-page report titled Unequal Partners: How EU-African Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) EPA Could Harm the Development Prospects of Many of the Worlds Poorest Countries, Oxfam says the EU was the clear beneficiary.
The report, made available to The EastAfrican, notes that the World Trade Organisation Doha round of trade talks had stalled, but the worlds poorest countries remain under pressure to open up their markets, with potentially disastrous consequences.
These negotiations [Doha] were meant to make trade fair, but they were blocked by the US and EU, which are unwilling to address the rigid rules and double standards from which they benefit, says the report. The EU is in the process of forging new free trade agreements with 75 of its former colonies in Africa, the Caribbean and the Pacific, said the report.
The ACP countries are divided into six small groups for the negotiations. The smallest group the Pacific Islands is negotiating a trade agreement with an economic giant more than 1,400 times its size. The report says the EU has an opportunity to develop fairer trading relations with ACP countries, but such extreme disparities in negotiating power could easily produce unfair results. Oxfam says the future development of the ACP countries may be jeopardised by the EU tactics.
The non-governmental organisation accuses the EU of playing hardball in these negotiations, putting commercial self-interest before development needs. But in a swift joint rejoinder, the head of the European Commissions Delegation in Kenya, Eric van der Linden, and Kenyas Trade Permanent Secretary David Nalo, said the report is alarmist.
The trade figures for 2005 between Kenya and the EU demonstrate that Kenyan exports to the EU are almost at the same level as its imports from the EU. The economic structures of the two trading partners are, of course, very different, they say in relation to Kenya.
They said a majority of Kenyan exports to the EU are agricultural products (the EU imports 85 per cent of all African agricultural exports) while EU exports to Kenya mainly machinery and intermediate goods.
The complementarity of the two economies results in a mutually beneficial trading relationship. They, however, recognise that there is a need to invest in the Kenyan economys capacity to trade.
EUs large investments in the infrastructure and agricultural sectors and institutional support are aiming at addressing key enabling environment/supply side constraints in the Kenyan economy. The EU is the largest donor of grant assistance to Kenya, they say.
They disagree with claims that the EU gains are clear, but ACP countries gains are hard to see. We fundamentally disagree with such a statement. The key benefit of the EPA is regional integration among ACP countries and in Kenyas case, among Eastern and Southern African (ESA) countries. In this region, the EPA is being built on the already ongoing regional integration processes within the Comesa framework, they say.
The say an EPA will strengthen local markets and build up trade in the ESA region itself, which will help facilitate local trade and make the region more attractive for investment. The EPA will then bring such a regional market into closer economic partnership with the EU and gradually liberalise trade between the two.
According to a liberalisation agenda built on the common external tariff of the region, it will help diversify ACP economies, break the dependence on preferential market access and integrate their economies into the global economy.
In our view these are all very tangible benefits for the ACP countries. Kenya, particularly, is in a position to gain from increased regional integration. After all, Kenya is already trading more with its regional neighbours than with the European Union, they say.
However, Oxfam says the EU was not being realistic by offering incentives to some groupings. Under the EU-South Africa trade deal, the EU agreed to liberalise 95 per cent of its trade with South Africa while South Africa will liberalise 86 per cent of its imports over a 12-year transition period.
The EU says it is too early to make assumptions. They note that the EPA negotiations are still ongoing, thus it is far too early to suggest clear-cut formulae on levels of liberalisation.
While the South Africa-EU agreement can provide a good starting point for speculation, it has also been shown that there is substantial flexibility in the WTO as regards the interpretation of substantially all trade.
A further element to be taken into account in this context is the length of transitional periods. Accordingly, the liberalisation within an EPA will happen gradually and with enough flexibility to protect sensitive sectors, while safeguard mechanisms can be introduced to account for unforeseen problems.
For the EPA, we will jointly negotiate the liberalisation schedules in a manner that there will be slow reform with no sharp drop in government income, says the EU.
New Vision (Kampala)
NEWS
March 10, 2007
Posted to the web March 12, 2007
By James Odong
Kampala
THE national committee to speed up the East African federation is short of funds. It needs an additional sh976m to complete the process of consulting and sensitising the public about the project.
The shortage puts Uganda in a precarious position, as opposed to Kenya and Tanzania where the committees are reportedly well facilitated and the consultations are going on well. According to the co-ordinator of the Uganda team, Stephen Akabway, only sh814m was approved out of the budgeted sh1.6b. Of this, sh588m has been released and utilised.
"We submitted a supplementary budget of sh976m. These funds should come soon, otherwise we are in a fix," Akabway told the parliamentary committee on foreign affairs this week. Former state minister for regional co-operation Augustine Nshimye claimed that their counterparts in Kenya were operating on a budget of sh2.4b and that the budget for Tanzania was even higher. He said in Uganda, the committee could not even reimburse transport for participants at sensitisation seminars.
"Inadequate funding is not only an impediment to committee work but is also an embarrassment to the members because we are unable to adequately reimburse participants who attend our seminars. In Rakai, for instance, the LC5 chairman asked how much we were going to pay him before he could attend our seminar and we couldn't meet his expectations," a visibly frustrated Nshimye said.
"In Kalangala not a single LC3 councillor attended our seminar after learning that we were giving them only sh5,000 as a transport refund. These people come from scattered islands and they hire boats to bring them," he added.
The committee, which has covered the central, eastern and western regions, heads north next week. The committee is expected to wind up its findings and submit a report by May. Akabway said they were unlikely to meet the deadline, due to financial constraints, and would most likely ask for an extension of at least three months.
http://allafrica.com/stories/200703140399.htmlLawyers have faulted the collection of views on an East African political federation, calling it premature.
...............................................................................................................................................''You cannot talk of a political federation when there is interference from other institutions of governance in member states,"..........................................................................................................................................................."We should not rush the issue of political integration without being wary of political games that could bring down the federation. Let us first integrate economically before we can think of political integration," he said.
Don`t bulldoze people on Federation-Karume
2007-03-15 09:03:07
By Mwinyi Sadallah, Zanzibar
Zanzibar President Amani Abeid Karume has said it would be wrong to bulldoze the people on important decisions on issues like the envisaged establishment of an East African political federation.
Officiating at a forum here yesterday meant to sensitise the citizenry on the prons and cons of the planned federation, he said the era of leaders or experts making decisions for the people while ignoring their views and sentiments was long gone.
`We leaders are supposed to guide and oversee all public discussions or consultations on the establishment of the envisaged East African political federation. But we should desist from forcing our own decisions on the people because that would be dictatorship,`cautioned Karume.
He was emphatic that only a political federation achieved through decision-making resulting from debate in which the people take an active part would bring lasting hope to the present generation and posterity.
President Karume did not mince his words in stating that he doubted the sustainability of the proposed federation if only some of the citizens of the countries involved in the process are approached for their views.
`I am afraid we would not reach far if wananchi are not furnished with correct information and data so that they can participate fully in making decisions. We should not allow ourselves to let this new community collapse like the previous one in 1977,` he warned.
The regional bloc would make sense only if it had its thrust on bringing about a pro-people revolution in the social, political and economic spheres that would guarantee all the people a better life, he noted.
In the Zanzibar President`s view, 2007 would be a truly landmark year for the East Africa region if all East Africans fully understand the purpose of establishing the envisaged federation and decide accordingly on their own free will.
He explained that the Zanzibar Revolutionary Government had worked especially hard to create a conducive environment for competitive business and local and foreign investment as a way of coping with the prevailing situation.
President Karume`s comments come just weeks after the commission formed to collect views from Tanzanians on the fast-tracking of the formation of a fully fledged EA political federation by 2013 postponed its activities in Zanzibar after being told that most people in the Isles were at a loss as to what the whole idea was all about.
The commission, whose chairman is Prof Samwel Wangwe, had a hard time responding to a Zanzibar House of Representatives recommendation that the political federation be established after maybe forty years.
Most people the commission met before leaving Zanzibar said they were surprised seeing some East African Community member states eager and keen on having the formation of the planned federation fast-tracked while there were several thorny issues within the EAC which were yet to be resolved.
The issues most commonly cited include the challenges of having a common market and a common currency.
There have also been worries that no guarantee has been given that problems similar to those that precipitated the 1977 collapse of the first-phase EAC would not undercut the envisaged federation as well.
VERY TRUE ZANZIBAR MUST BE FREED!
Iam a Zanzibari undertaking my doctorate studies in economics in the UK..........
We Zanzibaris are very bitter that we are being mistreated and ignored in the EAF debate, our founding fathers are being described by some readers as Makuli! Ngumbaru etc. sincerely with this hate how can we be proud to be part of the Muungano. We want to join COMESA/ EAF as Zanzibar and not Tanzania.
We are poor and divided in Zanzibar because of this union thing! Some people say we Zanzibaris are lazy and uneducated!
Wasalaam
Mzanzibari
Toka Mlandege
The New Times (Kigali)
NEWS
March 17, 2007
Posted to the web March 17, 2007
By Charles Kazooba
Kigali
Tanzania will not withdraw from the Southern African Development Community (SADC), an organisation that aims to promote Southern African regional cooperation in economic development, the country's minister of Foreign Affairs has said.
"Tanzania does not find anything wrong with belonging to various regional groupings and maintaining, of course, the cardinal original grouping of the pentagon, that is, the East African Community (EAC).
"SADC remains part and parcel of the life of Tanzania, and for the time being we do not see the reason why we should pull out just because we have the East African Community," the country's Foreign Affairs Minister, Bernard Kamillius Membe, told a news conference in Kampala, Uganda, on Tuesday.
"But not to say that we are dividing 50-50 (equally). We attach strong attention to the really fraternal relationship that exists in the East African region," Membe added.
The position is contrary to the World Trade Organisation's regulation barring states from belonging to two Customs Unions. The rest EAC member countries - Rwanda, Burundi, Uganda and Kenya - also belong to the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (Comesa), a regional community from which Tanzania pulled out in 2000.
This means that at a certain time when all these communities introduce common markets, EAC membership would be affected. Comesa is the largest bloc bringing together a population of 400 million, followed by SADC with 230 million, while EAC has about 120 million.
According to Lydia Wanyoto, a member of the East African Legislative Assembly, EAC partner states can maintain their strong relationship with other trading blocs only if they jointly sought membership to groupings with those other states, than each going it individually.