Mchapakazi
Member
- Feb 24, 2008
- 67
- 18
Make sure you read the report attached and provide your insights in relation to the implementation of the research study, results and recommendations. I am inviting wanazuoni wote wa fani ya afya kusoma repoti hii na kuchangia kwa jinsi wanavyoona. Ni jukumu letu sote kuhakikisha jamii ya Kitanzania inapata taarifa sahihi na sio majungu ya kisiasa kama haya. Ina kurasa 23 peke yake na unaweza kuimaliza kwa dk 20 tu.
Kama hujasoma hii taarifa unaweza kukosa uozo uliopo. Nimejaribu kuchanganua sehemu chache lakini mapungufu yapo kila mahali. Nimesikitishwa sana na ni matumaini yangu wahusika watasoma na kuelewa kuwa wapiga kura na walipa kodi wameona utumbo wao na hawakusita kuongea. Hii taarifa ilikuwa michuzi blog ila naona imeondolewa may be baada ya mkwara. Sio matarajio yangu kuwa itaondolewa hapa jamvini where we dare to talk. Naomba moderators mtupe nafasi ya kupunguza machungu yetu.
This document might be scientific but I think due to what I have perceived as deep political report it should have a place on the political arena of the forum. I declare no conflict of interest as I try to digest through the so called technical report.
These guys from the National research body engaged on a mission to accomplish four things identified on page 7 as terms of reference:
2.1 Ethnomedical claims and use of the remedy in the immediate community
2.2 Safety of the remedy as prepared and prescribed by Rev. Mwaisupile
2.3 Efficacy of the remedy as per claims by Rev. Mwaisupile
2.4 System for clinical follow up of patients taking the remedy
They answered the first quest through literature review, although the review is shallow, full of copy and paste with no scientific flow we can forgive that given the level of English in the country. What we should not forgive and air our voices at the top decibel is the way they responded to the remaining 3 terms of reference.
Of note on the introductory note they did not even take their camera to have pictures they can claim ownership on but rather collected images from online forums. I have seen all their pictures before, I did not see any disclaimer on the pictures which makes it theft of other people work!
Achana na hiyo: Safety of the remedy as prepared by Rev Mwaisupile: As scientist I expected they will take their samples and go in the lab to give us the analysis of what is in the concoction but they ended up providing a very political summary:
From the documents:
Previous toxicological investigation revealed Engamryaki to be
generally safe. The median lethal dose (LD50) of Carissa edulis in the
tested experimental mice was:
i. 282.8 mg/kg following intraperitoneal administration (Yau et al.,
2008).
ii. Over 5000 mg/kg following oral administration (Yau et al.,
2008).
Conclusion: These results show the plant is safe especially when taken
orally. The dose provided by Pastor Ambilikile Mwasupile, which is one
cup (about 200 mls) prepared through boiling an estimated 3.0 kg of
whole root material in 60 litres of water falls within safety window
and no any overdose or acute poisoning event is expected.
(How can you conclude like this?) I know this forum has scientists of various sectors. How on Earth can you do a research and judge like an old lady in a village measuring local brew? The two studies were done in mice. Per their search there are no toxicological data in human beings (Not sure).
But how do they dare to extrapolate it all the way to human beings? Wapiga kura na mapanya ni sawa ziku hizi sio? They had a chance to visit the site and interview Pastor among other people at Samunge (though I could not see the results of their interview).
Why didnt they collect samples for evaluation? Probably by the time the drug is done there is nothing of the active ingredients.
Efficacy of the drug per Rev Mwasupile: This is the most crazy part with very weird conculusions. I think if this report went through the directors desk before release and she gave it a go ahead then she does not know what she is doing. It is not uncommon to find plants with medicinal effects.
The issue at a scientific aka technical level is if the drug is working as the pastor have said. His instruction is one cup you are done! Does this connect with antidiabetic activity which we know is ongoing and so the agent has to be in the system to work? Here are some of the horrendous conclusions I have ever seen:
Anti-viral activity against herpes simplex virus
Carissa extracts has been reported to possess potent antiviral activity against Sindbis virus (SINV) at 3 µg/ml, polio virus (POLIO) at 6 µg/ml, HIV-1 and herpes simplex virus (HSV) at 12 µg/ml (Tylor, 1996). Tolo et al., (2006) at Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) in Kenya, demonstrated that, an aqueous total extract preparation from the roots of Carissa edulis exhibited remarkable anti-herpes simplex virus (HSV) activity in vitro and in vivo.
The extract significantly inhibited formation of plaques in Vero E6 cells infected with 100 PFU of wild type strains of HSV (7401-H HSV-1 & Ito-1262 HSV-2) and resistant strains of HSV (TK-7401-H HSV-1 &APr 7401H HSV-1) by 100% at 50 μg/ml in vitro with very low cell cytotoxicity (CC50 = 480 μg/ml).
Tolo et al., (2006) also demonstrated the in vivo efficacy in a murine model using Balb/C mice cutaneously infected with wild type or resistant strains of HSV, the extract at an oral dose of 250 mg/kg significantly delayed the onset of HSV infections by over 50%.
It also increased the mean survival time of treated infected mice by between 28 and 35% relative to the infected untreated mice (p < 0.05 versus control by Students t-test). The mortality rate for mice treated with extract was also significantly reduced by between 70 and 90% as compared with the infected untreated mice that exhibited 100% mortality. No acute toxicity was observed in mice at the oral therapeutic dose of 250 mg/kg.
Conclusion:
This result reveals that Carissa edulis has potent anti-viral activity against herpes simplex viruses. Taking into consideration that, herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection is a major opportunistic infection in immunosuppressed persons, these findings supports the ethnomedicinal claim of the use of the plant in the management of HIV/AIDS as claimed by Pastor Ambilikile Mwasupile.
What made my heart skip a bit is the way anti HSV activity from previous research has been used to justify anti HIV activity. These are two different pathogens. How is it related to the cure effect of babu! Jamani tumwogope Mungu.
Haya uwanja ndo huo
Kama hujasoma hii taarifa unaweza kukosa uozo uliopo. Nimejaribu kuchanganua sehemu chache lakini mapungufu yapo kila mahali. Nimesikitishwa sana na ni matumaini yangu wahusika watasoma na kuelewa kuwa wapiga kura na walipa kodi wameona utumbo wao na hawakusita kuongea. Hii taarifa ilikuwa michuzi blog ila naona imeondolewa may be baada ya mkwara. Sio matarajio yangu kuwa itaondolewa hapa jamvini where we dare to talk. Naomba moderators mtupe nafasi ya kupunguza machungu yetu.
This document might be scientific but I think due to what I have perceived as deep political report it should have a place on the political arena of the forum. I declare no conflict of interest as I try to digest through the so called technical report.
These guys from the National research body engaged on a mission to accomplish four things identified on page 7 as terms of reference:
2.1 Ethnomedical claims and use of the remedy in the immediate community
2.2 Safety of the remedy as prepared and prescribed by Rev. Mwaisupile
2.3 Efficacy of the remedy as per claims by Rev. Mwaisupile
2.4 System for clinical follow up of patients taking the remedy
They answered the first quest through literature review, although the review is shallow, full of copy and paste with no scientific flow we can forgive that given the level of English in the country. What we should not forgive and air our voices at the top decibel is the way they responded to the remaining 3 terms of reference.
Of note on the introductory note they did not even take their camera to have pictures they can claim ownership on but rather collected images from online forums. I have seen all their pictures before, I did not see any disclaimer on the pictures which makes it theft of other people work!
Achana na hiyo: Safety of the remedy as prepared by Rev Mwaisupile: As scientist I expected they will take their samples and go in the lab to give us the analysis of what is in the concoction but they ended up providing a very political summary:
From the documents:
Previous toxicological investigation revealed Engamryaki to be
generally safe. The median lethal dose (LD50) of Carissa edulis in the
tested experimental mice was:
i. 282.8 mg/kg following intraperitoneal administration (Yau et al.,
2008).
ii. Over 5000 mg/kg following oral administration (Yau et al.,
2008).
Conclusion: These results show the plant is safe especially when taken
orally. The dose provided by Pastor Ambilikile Mwasupile, which is one
cup (about 200 mls) prepared through boiling an estimated 3.0 kg of
whole root material in 60 litres of water falls within safety window
and no any overdose or acute poisoning event is expected.
(How can you conclude like this?) I know this forum has scientists of various sectors. How on Earth can you do a research and judge like an old lady in a village measuring local brew? The two studies were done in mice. Per their search there are no toxicological data in human beings (Not sure).
But how do they dare to extrapolate it all the way to human beings? Wapiga kura na mapanya ni sawa ziku hizi sio? They had a chance to visit the site and interview Pastor among other people at Samunge (though I could not see the results of their interview).
Why didnt they collect samples for evaluation? Probably by the time the drug is done there is nothing of the active ingredients.
Efficacy of the drug per Rev Mwasupile: This is the most crazy part with very weird conculusions. I think if this report went through the directors desk before release and she gave it a go ahead then she does not know what she is doing. It is not uncommon to find plants with medicinal effects.
The issue at a scientific aka technical level is if the drug is working as the pastor have said. His instruction is one cup you are done! Does this connect with antidiabetic activity which we know is ongoing and so the agent has to be in the system to work? Here are some of the horrendous conclusions I have ever seen:
Anti-viral activity against herpes simplex virus
Carissa extracts has been reported to possess potent antiviral activity against Sindbis virus (SINV) at 3 µg/ml, polio virus (POLIO) at 6 µg/ml, HIV-1 and herpes simplex virus (HSV) at 12 µg/ml (Tylor, 1996). Tolo et al., (2006) at Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) in Kenya, demonstrated that, an aqueous total extract preparation from the roots of Carissa edulis exhibited remarkable anti-herpes simplex virus (HSV) activity in vitro and in vivo.
The extract significantly inhibited formation of plaques in Vero E6 cells infected with 100 PFU of wild type strains of HSV (7401-H HSV-1 & Ito-1262 HSV-2) and resistant strains of HSV (TK-7401-H HSV-1 &APr 7401H HSV-1) by 100% at 50 μg/ml in vitro with very low cell cytotoxicity (CC50 = 480 μg/ml).
Tolo et al., (2006) also demonstrated the in vivo efficacy in a murine model using Balb/C mice cutaneously infected with wild type or resistant strains of HSV, the extract at an oral dose of 250 mg/kg significantly delayed the onset of HSV infections by over 50%.
It also increased the mean survival time of treated infected mice by between 28 and 35% relative to the infected untreated mice (p < 0.05 versus control by Students t-test). The mortality rate for mice treated with extract was also significantly reduced by between 70 and 90% as compared with the infected untreated mice that exhibited 100% mortality. No acute toxicity was observed in mice at the oral therapeutic dose of 250 mg/kg.
Conclusion:
This result reveals that Carissa edulis has potent anti-viral activity against herpes simplex viruses. Taking into consideration that, herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection is a major opportunistic infection in immunosuppressed persons, these findings supports the ethnomedicinal claim of the use of the plant in the management of HIV/AIDS as claimed by Pastor Ambilikile Mwasupile.
What made my heart skip a bit is the way anti HSV activity from previous research has been used to justify anti HIV activity. These are two different pathogens. How is it related to the cure effect of babu! Jamani tumwogope Mungu.
Haya uwanja ndo huo