Sola ni nini?

Herbalist Dr MziziMkavu

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Ni muhimu kuelewa sola ni nini na jinsi ina fanya kazi. Mwongozo zifuatazo zitamsaidia mtu ambaye anataka kununua vifaa vya sola kwa maarifa wa kuelewa masuala ya sola haraka. Na pia itakusaidia kuchagua ukubwa wa mfumo wa sola itayofaa mahitaji yako nakukupa wazo la gharama ya wastani.

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Nishati ya Jua


Jua linatoa kiasi kikubwa cha nishati katika mionzi yake ambayo inaweza kutumika umeme. Teknolojia inayotumika kuzalisha umeme kutoka mionzi ya jua hutumia chombo kinaitwa sola au moduli ya jua. PV inasimama badala ya maneno mawili: Photo (P) na Voltaic (V).
Sola inafanya kazi kwa mwanga wa jua (Photo) kubadilishwa kuwa mkondo wa umeme (Voltaic). Jua huwaka kwa masaa mengi kwa siku. Katika muda huo umeme unaweza kuzalishwa na kuhifadhiwa kwenye betri. Usiku unaweza ktumia umeme uliohifadhiwa kwenye betri kwa matumizi mbalimbali. Kiasi cha umeme kinachoweza kuzalishwa hutegemea uwezo wa moduli na jinsi jua linavyowaka kwa siku. Umeme mdogo huzalishwa siku yenye mawingu au wakati wa msimu wa mvua.

 
[h=1]Mfumo wa Sola[/h]
Mfuma wa sola huzalisha umeme unaoweza kuwasha taa, redio, runinga nk. au kufanya shughuli za biashara kama kuchaji simu, kunyoa nywele, kuonyesha video nk. Mfumo wa sola huzalisha umeme wa Volti 12 au 24 mkondo mnyoofu (DC). Unaweza kubadilisha umeme huu kuwa Volti 220 mkondo geu (AC) kama umeme wa TANESCO kwa kutumia kifaa maalumu kiitwacho kibadili umeme (Inverter).




[h=3]Mfumo wa sola una sehemu kuu zifuatazo:[/h]

  1. Moduli ya jua
  2. Betri
  3. Kidhibiti chaji
  4. Vitumiaji
  5. Kibadili umeme
  6. Waya

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  1. Moduli ya jua inayozalisha umeme wakati wa mchana jua linapowaka. Kwa kawaida huwekwa kwenye paa la nyumba au juu ya mlingoti.

  1. Betri ambayo inahifadhi umeme unazalishwa ili utumike wakati unaohitajika. Kuna betri maalumu za sola zinazodumu muda mrefu na ambazo ni tofauti na betri za magari.
  2. Kidhibiti chaji ni kifaa cha kielectriniki kinachoratibu utendaji wa mfumo mzima wa sola. Kaziyake ni kuzuia betri isichajiwe kupita kiasi au kutumiwa mpaka chaji yote kuisha na pia kuzuia umeme uliohifadhiwa kwenye betri usirudi kwenye moduli wakati wa usku.
  3. Vitumiaji vinavyotumia sola kama taa, redio, runinga nk.
  4. Kidbadili umeme inaitwa ya kinglereza Inverter. Huyobadili mkondo mnyoofu (DC) kuwa mkondo geu (AC).
  5. Waya zinaunganisha vifaa tofauti na zinahamisha umeme.
 
[h=1]Sola kwa nini?[/h]

  1. Mfuma ya Jua na Umeme ya TANESCO
  2. Gharama ya mwangaza
  3. Aminifu
  4. Afya na Mazingira
  5. Biashara

[h=2]Mfumo wa Jua vs. Umeme ya TANESCO[/h]
[TABLE="class: contenttable, width: 699"]
[TR]
[TD]Gharama ya mara moja
[/TD]
[TD]↔
[/TD]
[TD]Gharama ya mwanzo + kila mwezi
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]uzalishaji umeme wenye kujitegemea
[/TD]
[TD]↔
[/TD]
[TD]TANESCO inatawala bei
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]hakuna njia ya kukata
[/TD]
[TD]↔
[/TD]
[TD]njia ya kukata ningi
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD][/TD]
[TD][/TD]
[TD][/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]

[h=2]Gharama[/h]
Gharama ya mwangazaWatu wanafikiri umeme wa jua ni ghali sana. Lakini badaa ya gharama kwanza, mfumo wa jua huleta gharama ingine. Labda badaa ya miaka tatu utahitaji betri ipya, lakini ukitumia umeme wa jua hutagemea kwa bei ya mafuta itayopanda.

[TABLE="class: contenttable contenttable-1"]
[TR="class: tr-even tr-0, bgcolor: #EAEAEA"]
[TH="class: td-0"]Gharama[/TH]
[TH="class: td-1"]Mfumo wa jua mdogo (taa 4)[/TH]
[TH="class: td-last td-2"]taa 4 ya mafuta[/TH]
[/TR]
[TR="class: tr-odd tr-1"]
[TD="class: td-0"]Gharama ya kwanza[/TD]
[TD="class: td-1"]Tsh 140,000[/TD]
[TD="class: td-last td-2"]Tsh 8,000[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR="class: tr-even tr-2, bgcolor: #EAEAEA"]
[TD="class: td-0"]Mwaka 1[/TD]
[TD="class: td-1"]0[/TD]
[TD="class: td-last td-2"]Tsh 15,000 per month for kerosine = 180,000 Tsh[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR="class: tr-odd tr-3"]
[TD="class: td-0"]Mwaka 2[/TD]
[TD="class: td-1"]0[/TD]
[TD="class: td-last td-2"]Tsh 180,000[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR="class: tr-even tr-4, bgcolor: #EAEAEA"]
[TD="class: td-0"]Mwaka 3[/TD]
[TD="class: td-1"]0[/TD]
[TD="class: td-last td-2"]Tsh 180,000[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR="class: tr-odd tr-last"]
[TD="class: td-0"]Nyote[/TD]
[TD="class: td-1"]Tsh 140,000[/TD]
[TD="class: td-last td-2"]Tsh 448,000[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]

[h=1]Uaminifu[/h]
Mfumo wa jua umesakinishwa kitaalamu unafanya kazi vizuri. Ukitumia umeme wa jua hutagemea ya Tanesco na njia ya kukata. Mfumo wa jua kutoka ZARA SOLAR unakutoa umeme kila siku.



[h=1]Afya na Mazingira[/h]
Mionzi ya jua inayopiga kwenye uso wa dunia kila siku. Tanzania ni miongoni mwa nchi karibu na ikweta ambazo zinapata kiwango kikubwa cha mionzi ya jua cha kilowati 2000 kwa kila mita ya ujazo kwa mwaka. Ukitumia mfumo wa jua utaweza kutumia nishati hiyo kwa matumizi yako. Juu ya hayo hutumii makaa ya mawe, mafuta na gesi asilia, vinaharibu uwiano wa tabia nchi ya ulimwengu kutokana na gesi zake chafu za CO2.

Kwa sababu umeme ya jua huzalishi CO2, huyokuwi nyenye kudhuru kwa afya yako.

[h=2]Biashara[/h]
Ukitumia mfumo wa jua utaweza kunza kufanya kazi bila kutegemea.
Uwezekano kwa mfano:

  • kuuza nishati (k.m. kuchargi simu)
  • kutumia umeme wa jua kwa kuuza vinywaji baridi ou kunyoa nywele
  • kuchuma hela na sola (k.m. utakuwa fundi kwa umeme ou utauza sola)

[h=1]Mifano ya matumizi sola[/h]
Kuna matumizi na uwezekano kwa umeme wa jua ningi sana.
Hapa tunaonyesha mifano midogo:
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Tunauza mifumo wa sola saizi tofauti. Isitoshe unaweza kupata sehemu pekee na mifumo kamila.
Mfumo wa sola mzima unatokana na sehemu hizo (kwa maelezo mengine ona "umeme wa jua"):

Sola Panel - Betri - Kidhibiti chaji - Kibadili umeme - Vitumiaji - Waya

Hapa tunaonyesha kuona mifumo yetu:
15W 20W 30W 40W 50W 55W 60W 70W 78W 80W 90W 100W 110W 120W 130W 260W Friji







[TABLE="class: contenttable, width: 100%"]
[TR]
[TH]Saizi (Watts)[/TH]
[TH]Sehemu ya mfumo[/TH]
[TH]Mfano kwa matumizi[/TH]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]14/15 W[/TD]
[TD]Sola panel 14/15W
Betri 26Ah
Kidhibiti chaji 5A
Taa 6W (*2)[/TD]
[TD]Taa nbili
Redio ndogo (saa tatu)[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]






[TABLE="class: contenttable, width: 100%"]
[TR]
[TH]Saizi (Watts)[/TH]
[TH]Sehemu ya mfumo[/TH]
[TH]Mfano kwa matumizi[/TH]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]20 W[/TD]
[TD]Sola panel 20W
Betri 40Ah
Kidhibiti chaji 5A
Taa 6W (*3)[/TD]
[TD]Taa ntatu

Redio ndogo (saa tatu)[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]






[TABLE="class: contenttable, width: 100%"]
[TR]
[TH]Saizi (Watts)[/TH]
[TH]Sehemu ya mfumo[/TH]
[TH]Mfano kwa matumizi[/TH]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]30 W[/TD]
[TD]Sola panel 30 W
Betri 40 Ah
Kidhibiti chaji 5A
Taa 6W (*4)[/TD]
[TD]Taa nne
Redio ndogo (saa tatu)[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]






[TABLE="class: contenttable, width: 100%"]
[TR]
[TH]Saizi (Watts)[/TH]
[TH]Sehemu ya mfumo[/TH]
[TH]Mfano kwa matumizi[/TH]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]40 W[/TD]
[TD]Sola panel 40 W
Betri 55 Ah
Kidhibiti chaji 5A
Taa 6W (*3)[/TD]
[TD]Taa ntatu
Redio (saa tatu)[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]






[TABLE="class: contenttable, width: 100%"]
[TR]
[TH]Saizi (Watts)[/TH]
[TH]Sehemu ya mfumo[/TH]
[TH]Mfano kwa matumizi[/TH]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]50W[/TD]
[TD]Sola panel 50W
Betri 65Ah
Kidhibiti chaji 6A
Kibadili umeme 150W
Taa 6W (*2)
Boksi kwa betri[/TD]
[TD]Taa nbili
TV 14'' (saa nbili)[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]






[TABLE="class: contenttable, width: 100%"]
[TR]
[TH]Saizi (Watts)[/TH]
[TH]Sehemu ya mfumo[/TH]
[TH]Mfano kwa matumizi[/TH]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]55W[/TD]
[TD]Sola panel 55W
Betri 80Ah
Kidhibiti chaji 6A
Kibadili umeme 150W
Taa 6W (*2)
Boksi kwa betri[/TD]
[TD]Taa nbili
TV 14'' (saa nbili)[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]






[TABLE="class: contenttable, width: 100%"]
[TR]
[TH]Saizi (Watts)[/TH]
[TH]Sehemu ya mfumo[/TH]
[TH]Mfano kwa matumizi[/TH]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]60W[/TD]
[TD]Sola panel 60W
Betri 80Ah
Kidhibiti chaji 8A
Kibadili umeme 300W
Taa 6W (*3)
Boksi kwa betri[/TD]
[TD]Taa ntatu
TV 14'' (saa ntatu)[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]






[TABLE="class: contenttable, width: 100%"]
[TR]
[TH]Saizi (Watts)[/TH]
[TH]Sehemu ya mfumo[/TH]
[TH]Mfano kwa matumizi[/TH]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]70W[/TD]
[TD]Sola panel 70W
Betri 100Ah
Kidhibiti chaji 8A
Kibadili umeme 300W
Taa 6W (*3)
Boksi kwa betri[/TD]
[TD]Taa ntatu
TV 21'' (saa nne)[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]







[TABLE="class: contenttable, width: 100%"]
[TR]
[TH]Saizi (Watts)[/TH]
[TH]Sehemu ya mfumo[/TH]
[TH]Mfano kwa matumizi[/TH]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]78W[/TD]
[TD]Sola panel 78W
Betri 100Ah
Kidhibiti chaji 8A
Kibadili umeme 300W
Taa 6W (*5)
Boksi kwa betri[/TD]
[TD]Taa ntano
TV 21'' (saa ntatu)[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]







[TABLE="class: contenttable, width: 100%"]
[TR]
[TH]Saizi (Watts)[/TH]
[TH]Sehemu ya mfumo[/TH]
[TH]Mfano kwa matumizi[/TH]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]80W[/TD]
[TD]Sola panel 80W
Betri 120Ah
Kidhibiti chaji 8A
Kibadili umeme 300W
Taa 6W (*6)
Boksi kwa betri[/TD]
[TD]Taa sita
TV 21'' (saa ntatu)[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]







[TABLE="class: contenttable, width: 100%"]
[TR]
[TH]Saizi (Watts)[/TH]
[TH]Sehemu ya mfumo[/TH]
[TH]Mfano kwa matumizi[/TH]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]90W[/TD]
[TD]Sola panel 90W
Betri 120Ah
Kidhibiti chaji 10A
Kibadili umeme 300W
Taa 6W (*7)
Boksi kwa betri[/TD]
[TD]Taa saba
TV 21'' (saa ntatu)[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]







[TABLE="class: contenttable, width: 100%"]
[TR]
[TH]Saizi (Watts)[/TH]
[TH]Sehemu ya mfumo[/TH]
[TH]Mfano kwa matumizi[/TH]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]100W[/TD]
[TD]Sola panel 100W
Betri 150Ah
Kidhibiti chaji 10A
Kibadili umeme 300W
Taa 6W (*8)
Boksi kwa betri[/TD]
[TD]Taa nnane
TV 21'' (saa ntatu)[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]







[TABLE="class: contenttable, width: 100%"]
[TR]
[TH]Saizi (Watts)[/TH]
[TH]Sehemu ya mfumo[/TH]
[TH]Mfano kwa matumizi[/TH]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]110W[/TD]
[TD]Sola panel 110W
Betri 150Ah
Kidhibiti chaji 10A
Kibadili umeme 300W
Taa 6W (*8)
Boksi kwa betri[/TD]
[TD]Taa nnane
TV 21'' (saa nne)[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]







[TABLE="class: contenttable, width: 100%"]
[TR]
[TH]Saizi (Watts)[/TH]
[TH]Sehemu ya mfumo[/TH]
[TH]Mfano kwa matumizi[/TH]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]120W[/TD]
[TD]Sola panel 120W
Betri 200Ah
Kidhibiti chaji 15A
Kibadili umeme 300W
Taa 6W (*8)
Boksi kwa betri[/TD]
[TD]Taa nnane
TV 21'' (saa nne)[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]







[TABLE="class: contenttable, width: 100%"]
[TR]
[TH]Saizi (Watts)[/TH]
[TH]Sehemu ya mfumo[/TH]
[TH]Mfano kwa matumizi[/TH]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]130W[/TD]
[TD]Sola panel 130W
Betri 200Ah
Kidhibiti chaji 15A
Kibadili umeme 300W
Taa 6W (*8)
Boksi kwa betri[/TD]
[TD]Taa nnane
TV 21'' (saa nne)[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]







[TABLE="class: contenttable, width: 100%"]
[TR]
[TH]Saizi (Watts)[/TH]
[TH]Sehemu ya mfumo[/TH]
[TH]Mfano kwa matumizi[/TH]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]260W[/TD]
[TD]Sola panel 130W (*2)
Betri 200Ah (*2)
Kidhibiti chaji 10A
Kibadili umeme 300W
Taa 6W (*20)
Boksi kwa betri (*2)[/TD]
[TD]Taa ishirini
TV 21'' (saa nne)[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]






[TABLE="class: contenttable, width: 100%"]
[TR]
[TH]Saizi (Watts)[/TH]
[TH]Sehemu ya mfumo[/TH]
[TH]Mfano kwa matumizi[/TH]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]Fridge
130W[/TD]
[TD]Friji 166L
Sola Panel 130W
Betri 200Ah
Kidhibiti chaji 15A
Stendi ya moduli
Waya 6mm (6m)[/TD]
[TD]Friji (saa 24)[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]





 
Solarland Sola Home System



Solarland Sola Home System inatokana na taa nne, betri, swichi na waya. Taa za LED ni nyenye meanga kali. Tena unaweza kutumia betri kwa kuchaji simu yako. Unapata:

  • 4 taa za LED (50 Lum)
  • 5 W sola panel
  • Power Pack
    • 5 AH betri
    • Kidhibiti chaji
  • Waya kwa kuchaji simu





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©2011 Zara Solar Ltd. - Legal Notice

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Safi sana MziziMkavu mimi nataka kufungua internet cafee weka mchakato wa vifaa vinavyohitajika kwaajili ya computer 4 ziwe zinapiga mzigo saa 12 kila siku
 
Last edited by a moderator:
Shaffin Simbamwene said:
Safi sana MziziMkavu mimi nataka kufungua internet cafee weka mchakato wa vifaa vinavyohitajika kwaajili ya computer 4 ziwe zinapiga mzigo saa 12 kila siku
Click to expand...
Mkuu Shaffin Simbamwene Kwa kukisia kwa ajili ya hayo matumizi yako ya Computer 4 kwa kutumia masaa 12 kila siku itabidi upate Panel Solar yenye uwezo wa nguvu ya Watts 1500 kwa maelezo zidi jaribu kuwasiliana na hawa Wauza Solar Panel Anwani



Ukikuwa na maswali mengine unaweza kututuma E-Mail au kutupiga simu!
Zara Solar Ltd. Mwanza
Nyerere Road
Simu: +255 28 2502910
Faksi: +255 28 2540561
Simu: +255 764 600825
zarasolar@yahoo.com
Zara Solar Ltd. Dar es Salaam
Bibi Titi / Morogoro Road
Simu: +255 22 2127450
Simu: +255 655 299500

http://www.zara-solar.com/sw/the-company/
 
MziziMkavu
Vipi ukitaka kufunga solar ya kuwasha kila kitu kuanzia tv fridge na system radio itahitaji watts ngapi kwa makadirio
 
aspen said:
MziziMkavu
Vipi ukitaka kufunga solar ya kuwasha kila kitu kuanzia tv fridge na system radio itahitaji watts ngapi kwa makadirio
Click to expand...
Mkuu aspen utaweza kuhitaji watts 2500 isiwe chini ya hapo na gharama zake zitakuwa kubwa kwa mara moja lakini ukisha weka ndio imetoka hutaweza tena kulipa gharama zingine unakuwa umebana matumizi ya kipato chako na hutakuwa tena na matatizo ya umeme maishani mwako unawacha Tanesko kwenye Mataa ya Traffic.
 
King Kong III said:
hivi MziziMkavu kuna solarpanel yenye uwezo wa ku run vitu vya ndani friji, tv etc kwa 24Hrs?
Click to expand...
Mkuu King Kong III Inategemea Solar Panel yako ina nguvu ya Watts ngapi? Kadri itakavyokuwa na Watts nyingi ndipo nguvu ya umeme inazidi kuwa kubwa sana

Vitu muhimu hivi hapa chini kwenye picha viwe na nguvu nyingi ndio unaweza kutumia vifaa vyako vya nyumbnai masaa24 bila wasiwasi wowote angalia picha hapo chini



Mfumo wa sola una sehemu kuu zifuatazo:


  1. Moduli ya jua
  2. Betri
  3. Kidhibiti chaji
  4. Vitumiaji
  5. Kibadili umeme
  6. Waya

 
Last edited by a moderator:
MziziMkavu Mkuu Taa 5 za solar (dc), kuchaj simu 3 kwa siku, na radio ya 9v kwa pamoja vitahitaji package ya watt ngapi, na if possible bei yake mkuu
 
Last edited by a moderator:
nivea said:
hapana hata kama hamna jua kama panel ni kubwa inakusanya energy tu.
Click to expand...

Panel inakusanya energy ikipigwa na direct sunlight (kwahio hata sehemu zenye jua masaa 12 kama jua likiamia upande mwingine au panel ikikingwa na kivuli basi energy itapatikana kwa masaa hayo tu, yenye direct sunlight (on average kwenye masaa matano) na kama hakuna jua au siku za mawingu basi hupati kitu...
 
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