Kulikoni soko la "dhahabu ya kijani" Tanzania

[EMT]

Kwa mujibu wa takwimu za BoT za Februari, 2017, "dhahabu ya kijani" imeliingizia taifa Dola milioni 346.6 karibu Shilingi bilioni 767.4 ikiwa ni makusanyo ya juu zaidi ikilinganishwa na yale ya Dola milioni 185 (zaidi ya Shilingi milioni 410) yaliyofikiwa mwaka 2016.

“Kwa mantiki hiyo, korosho ni zao namba moja kwa kuiingizia nchi fedha nyingi za kigeni. Nimefarijika sana kuungana na wadau wenzangu wa korosho hapa, kujadili mustakbali wa zao hili muhimu kwa maendeleo ya nchi yetu na kwa wakulima wake” hizo zilikuwa salaam kutoka kwa Rais John Magufuli, akiwatakia wajumbe wa mkutano wa kujadili mafanikio hayo.

Ahadi yake ni kushughulika na wale wote watakaojihusisha katika kumnyima haki na manufaa mkulima mmoja mmoja au kikundi au ushirika. Hiyo pia ni sehemu ya kauli ya Waziri Mkuu, Kassim Majaliwa, wakati akifungua Mkutano Mkuu wa wadau wa tasnia ya korosho nchini, uliofanyika mjini Dodoma.

Majaliwa anasema: “Nimekuja hapa kama mdau, lakini pia kwa dhamana niliyonayo. Kutokana na historia ya zao hili katika makuzi yangu, ninayo imani na korosho kwamba inaweza kubadili maisha ya watu wetu kuliko rasilimali nyingine tulizonazo. Serikali ya awamu ya tano italilinda kufa na kupona.”

Kuna utafiti ulifanywa na Adam Meshack Akyoo, PhD na Zena T. Mpenda, PhD (Sokoine University of Agriculture: POLICY IMPERATIVES FOR CONTROL OF MARKET EXCHANGE FAILURE IN THE CASHEW NUT INDUSTRY IN TANZANIA na kuchapishwa kwenye jarida la European Scientific Journal (2014): https://eujournal.org/index.php/esj/article/viewFile/2905/2733. Baadhi ya extracts from the study:

The study examined the root causes of incessant market failure problem facing Tanzanian cashew nut industry. The overarching hypothesis of the study was that the industry challenges are both structural and institutional.

Results of the study showcased a systematic positive effect of the Warehouse Receipt System (WRS) on indicative and final producer prices over the years. Concentration ratio results professed the industry as being fairly concentrated and hence oligopolistic. The WRS was vindicated as an effective system for the industry though its high transaction costs due to hiked administrative costs, weak institutional arrangements along the value chain, cooperative monopoly and inadequate enforcement of underlying regulations counteract its strength. Fair competition in the industry is stifled by clandestine buyer collusion and predatory pricing at the expense of local processing.

Contradictory arguments in relation to cartels and abusive conduct in the cashew nut market were observed during interviews with key stakeholders. Some argued that cashew buyer companies are mostly individual Indians masquerading as independent buyers, but others disagreed. The latter substantiated the claim on the observed high buyer turnover rate. The former case is supported by the existence of the 22 buying companies and the calculated concentration ratio above 40%, which suggest that the raw cashew market is oligopolistic and thus likely collusive.

Moreover, rumour has it that there are only two buyer companies/families for the raw cashew destined for the Indian market....... There is need to diversify the market to break over-dependence on the Indian raw cashew export market by building internal processing capacity and exploring alternative markets globally.....

WRS is a legally established institution which is supposed to run according to the underlying law/regulations. However, it is puzzling that the system is run through frequent political pronouncements from government leaders...... The problem is exacerbated by the complex nature of entities involved in administering the system in a situation where CBT has turned into an onlooker interested in dancing to the tune of politicians’ interests...........

Political interference in the industry has led to decreased morale on the part of CBT’s technical personnel, who are now weary of any innovative action for fear of backlash from producers, politicians and activists (all these are now cashew experts in their own rights!).

The authors conclude that .......the cashew industry is currently a play ground for many researchers, scholars, civil rights groups, media houses etc. The industry is thus bombarded with several interventions and/or policy advises that could be conflicting at times.

There ought to be a well thought way by all cashew stakeholders to sieve these advises in order to identify the pertinent ones in terms of their reliability, compatibility and effectiveness. The industry should be keen not to fall into the fallacy of false authority trap.

 

[TUJITEGEMEE]

Cashewnut Research results. Njoo hapa introvert upate ' elimu'

 

[Fortilo]

Kama ilivokuwa kahawa ya Moshi na mrema wa 95'
Mpaka leo kahawa imebaki historian....
Unfortunately cashew nut following the same path....
Ukweli usiopingika ni kuwa no one consumers wa cashew nuts ni India.... Soko la ndani nu mufilisi, and we are talking of the government control....let's watch closely...

 

[jingalao]

Moreover, rumour has it that there are only two buyer companies/families for the raw cashew destined for the Indian market....... There is need to diversify the market to break over-dependence on the Indian raw cashew export market by building internal processing capacity and exploring alternative markets globally.....

 

[EMT]

Moreover, rumour has it that there are only two buyer companies/families for the raw cashew destined for the Indian market....... There is need to diversify the market to break over-dependence on the Indian raw cashew export market by building internal processing capacity and exploring alternative markets globally.....

The International Nut and Dried Fruit Council (INC) celebrated the XXXVII World Nut and Dried Fruit Congress in Sevilla (Spain). From May 21-23 2018, with record breaking numbers of over 1,500 attendees in the only and largest international event dedicated to the nut and dried fruit industry. View more here: http://www.nutfruitcongress.org/sevilla2018/

The INC Congress featured a stimulating three-day program to exchange knowledge, ideas and experiences. Attendees had over a variety of sessions, among round tables, seminars and keynote speakers’ presentations ranging in topics from market dynamics, crops and production forecasts, agricultural and water resources, new findings in health and nutrition, or product innovations, among others

Cashew Round Table

The Panel

• Amit Khirbat - President & Global Head, Cashew Business, Olam International Ltd (Moderator)
• Hari Nair President, Western India Cashew Company
• Harry Sinclair Vice President of Procurement, Treehouse Foods
• Thai Son CEO, Long Son Joint Stock Company
• Wim Schipper Director of Tree Nuts and Ingredients, Intersnack Procurement B.V

Presentation Agenda

1. INC Official Statistics Table – Cashews
2. Kernel Demand / Consumption • USA • Europe
3. Price trend - last 10 years
4. Trends, Challenges & Opportunities
5. Panel Discussion 6. Q&A

Trends, Challenges and Opportunities

Trends:

• Food safety & Traceability
• Growth of Vietnam as the largest processing hub.
• Mechanization
• Sustainability

Challenges:

• Need for growth in supply & demand - lack of coordinated promotion efforts like in almonds
• Increasing yield in Africa
• How to reduce price volatility
• Lack of homogenization of grades across origins.

Opportunities / Threats:

• The growth in cashew pieces as ingredient grades has just started and is doing well
• Impact of current high prices on demand
• Will Digitalization disrupt our Industry (Amazon Go, VR grocery shopping etc). Can it help to improve productivity & dis-intermediate players from the supply chain to make it more agile.

 

[MALCOM LUMUMBA]

Cashewnut Research results. Njoo hapa introvert upate ' elimu'

Mshaanza tayari, mimi nadhani umechanganya vitu viwili mkuu:
1. introvert aliongelea kuhusu zao la korosho katika mwanga wa uchumi kiujumla kama bidhaa nyingine.
2. EMT kazungumzia kuhusu matatizo ya kitaasisi na kisera ambayo yanalivuruga uzalishaji wa korosho.
Naomba nimnukuu vizuri mtoa mada: The study examined the root causes of incessant market failure problem facing Tanzanian cashew nut industry. The overarching hypothesis of the study was that the industry challenges are both structural and institutional.

Hapa kuna tofauti kubwa sana kama hujaiona, labda unirekebisha kwa kutokuelewa:
Mchangiaji moja anazungumzia kanuni za uchumi kiujumla katika uuzaji wa bidhaa yoyote ile akifuata kanuni kuu za uzalishaji (Laws of demand and supply in relation to market dynamics) huku akilenga soko la korosho. (Introvert huyu)

Mchangiaji mwingine kasema jinsi usimamizi wa kisera na kitaasisi wa zao la korosho ulivyo mbovu hadi kupelekea kutetereka kwa soko. Mwishoni ndiyo akagusia na kutoa mapendekezo ambayo yanahusiana na soko la korosho kiujumla. (Huyu ni EMT)

Nadhani ingekuwa ni vyema sana kama tungeacha kukwaruzana kisiasa na kutafuta ni jinsi gani tunaweza kulitatua hili tatizo kitaalamu kabisa. Kitu ambacho najua hakipo katika utamaduni wetu, lakini tujitahidi tu.

 

[Al Watani]

Kwa mujibu wa takwimu za BoT za Februari, 2017, "dhahabu ya kijani" imeliingizia taifa Dola milioni 346.6 karibu Shilingi bilioni 767.4 ikiwa ni makusanyo ya juu zaidi ikilinganishwa na yale ya Dola milioni 185 (zaidi ya Shilingi milioni 410) yaliyofikiwa mwaka 2016.

“Kwa mantiki hiyo, korosho ni zao namba moja kwa kuiingizia nchi fedha nyingi za kigeni. Nimefarijika sana kuungana na wadau wenzangu wa korosho hapa, kujadili mustakbali wa zao hili muhimu kwa maendeleo ya nchi yetu na kwa wakulima wake” hizo zilikuwa salaam kutoka kwa Rais John Magufuli, akiwatakia wajumbe wa mkutano wa kujadili mafanikio hayo.

Ahadi yake ni kushughulika na wale wote watakaojihusisha katika kumnyima haki na manufaa mkulima mmoja mmoja au kikundi au ushirika. Hiyo pia ni sehemu ya kauli ya Waziri Mkuu, Kassim Majaliwa, wakati akifungua Mkutano Mkuu wa wadau wa tasnia ya korosho nchini, uliofanyika mjini Dodoma.

Majaliwa anasema: “Nimekuja hapa kama mdau, lakini pia kwa dhamana niliyonayo. Kutokana na historia ya zao hili katika makuzi yangu, ninayo imani na korosho kwamba inaweza kubadili maisha ya watu wetu kuliko rasilimali nyingine tulizonazo. Serikali ya awamu ya tano italilinda kufa na kupona.”

Kuna utafiti ulifanywa na Adam Meshack Akyoo, PhD na Zena T. Mpenda, PhD (Sokoine University of Agriculture: POLICY IMPERATIVES FOR CONTROL OF MARKET EXCHANGE FAILURE IN THE CASHEW NUT INDUSTRY IN TANZANIA na kuchapishwa kwenye jarida la European Scientific Journal (2014): https://eujournal.org/index.php/esj/article/viewFile/2905/2733. Baadhi ya extracts from the study:

The study examined the root causes of incessant market failure problem facing Tanzanian cashew nut industry. The overarching hypothesis of the study was that the industry challenges are both structural and institutional.

Results of the study showcased a systematic positive effect of the Warehouse Receipt System (WRS) on indicative and final producer prices over the years. Concentration ratio results professed the industry as being fairly concentrated and hence oligopolistic. The WRS was vindicated as an effective system for the industry though its high transaction costs due to hiked administrative costs, weak institutional arrangements along the value chain, cooperative monopoly and inadequate enforcement of underlying regulations counteract its strength. Fair competition in the industry is stifled by clandestine buyer collusion and predatory pricing at the expense of local processing.

Contradictory arguments in relation to cartels and abusive conduct in the cashew nut market were observed during interviews with key stakeholders. Some argued that cashew buyer companies are mostly individual Indians masquerading as independent buyers, but others disagreed. The latter substantiated the claim on the observed high buyer turnover rate. The former case is supported by the existence of the 22 buying companies and the calculated concentration ratio above 40%, which suggest that the raw cashew market is oligopolistic and thus likely collusive.

Moreover, rumour has it that there are only two buyer companies/families for the raw cashew destined for the Indian market....... There is need to diversify the market to break over-dependence on the Indian raw cashew export market by building internal processing capacity and exploring alternative markets globally.....

WRS is a legally established institution which is supposed to run according to the underlying law/regulations. However, it is puzzling that the system is run through frequent political pronouncements from government leaders...... The problem is exacerbated by the complex nature of entities involved in administering the system in a situation where CBT has turned into an onlooker interested in dancing to the tune of politicians’ interests...........

Political interference in the industry has led to decreased morale on the part of CBT’s technical personnel, who are now weary of any innovative action for fear of backlash from producers, politicians and activists (all these are now cashew experts in their own rights!).

The authors conclude that .......the cashew industry is currently a play ground for many researchers, scholars, civil rights groups, media houses etc. The industry is thus bombarded with several interventions and/or policy advises that could be conflicting at times.

There ought to be a well thought way by all cashew stakeholders to sieve these advises in order to identify the pertinent ones in terms of their reliability, compatibility and effectiveness. The industry should be keen not to fall into the fallacy of false authority trap.

Kuna jambo la kujiuliza kwenye haya mazao ya biashara kabla hatujafikia hatua ya nini kifanyike.

Historia inaonyesha ya biashara yamekuwa yakiporomoka kila serkali.inapoingiza mkono wake. Zao lililoanza kiporomoka ni pamba kiasi cha kupoteza mvuto kwa wakulima huku sababu kuu ikiwa.
1 kutokupanda kwa bei ya zao hilo.
2 gharama za uzalishaji kutokuwiana na mapato
3 serikali kupitia bodi ya pamba kishindwa kusimamia kwa ufanisi zao hilo
4 kukosekana kwa mbinu mbadala za kuboresha uzalishaji na kuwavutia wazalishaji na wawekezaji wapya kwenye mnyororo wa thamani katika zao la pamba
5 serikali kuruhusu pembejeo feki kuingizwa na kugawiwa kwa wakulima hivyo kusababisha hasara kubwa wakulima.
6 vyama vya ushirika kushindwa kujiendesha na ufisadi mkubwa uliosababisha madeni yasiyolipika kwenye vyama hivyo.
7 serikali kuchukua hatua bila kufanya tafiti kwa kina juu ya matatizo yaliyochangia kuporomoka kwa zao hivyo kuchochea kuporomoka kwake.
Mpaka sasa ni kama zao hili halina maana tena kwa wakulima wa kanda ya ziwa.

Zao la kahawa.
Hili nalo kwa kiasi kikubwa liko hali tete sana mkoa pekee ambao bado unajitutumua ni kagera lakini sote tunajua hali ilivyokuwa mpaka wananchi kuamua kuuza kahawa kwa magendo kwenda Uganda. Sababu za kuanguka kwake zinafanana sana na zao la pamba kama nilovyoeleza pale juu.

Zao la tumbaku
Kuanzia mwaka 2001,mpaka 2010 hili ndiyo zao lililokuwa linatengeneza pesa nyingi sana kwa wakulima wake kutokana mfumo mzuri wa usimamizi chini ya bodi ya tumbaku ( pongezi kwao).

Hali ilibadilika ghafla kuanzia 2011 masoko yakaanza kuleta changamoto kwa wakulima changamoto hizo ni kama ifuatavyo.
1 Kubadilishwa kutoka malipo kwa shilingi za kitanzania kwenda kwenye dola, kuna upigaji mkubwa sana ulifanyika katika mfumo huu kama mnavyojua dola inavyofluctuate daily.
2 usimamizi kulegalega hasa kwa wazalishaji wanaojitegemea kuruhusiwa kuuza kilo zaidi ya makisio yao , hali hii ilichangia wakulima wadogo kuuza tumbaku yao kwa magendo hali iliyopelekea vyama vya msingi kukosa tumbaku na kushindwa kulipa madeni yake kwa wakopeshaji.
3 bei kuanza kuporomoka kiasi cha kukatisha tamaa wakulima. Kwa waliowahi kulima tumbaku nadhani mnafahamu tumbaku ndiyo zao pekee hapa nchini lenye gharama kubwa sana za uzalishaji. Watu hatukupata faida tena.
4 serikali ilipoingilia kati mfumo wa uzalishaji hasa kwa makampuni kuzuiwa kutoa mikopo kwa wakulima badala yake mabenki yatoe mikopo hii iliviumiza vyama vya ushirika na wakulima mmoja mmoja mabenki yalikuwa hayatoi malipo kwa wakulima mpaka warudishe mikopo yao hivyo malipo kuchelewa kwa wakulima. Mfano mkulima anauza mwezi June anakuja kupokea mwezi November tena siyo malipo yote .

5 Bodi kushindwa kurndesha minada ya tumbaku kwa wakati kutokana na kukosekana kwa nguvu kazi ya kutosha
6. Serikali kuingilia mfumo wa utoaji pembejeo hivyo pembejeo kuchelewa kufika kwa walengwa.

7 vyama vikuu vya ushirika kuu vya ushirika kuwa na migogoro na chama kilele mpaka kupelekea chama kilele kufutwa mwaka 2013.

8 kukosekana kwa mipango mikakati mizuri ilikupnguza monopoly ya wanunuzi na kupanua wigo wa bei kwa wakulima. Kama mnavyojua kuna makampumi mawili yanayonunua tumbaku nchini alliance one na TLTC.
Mwaka Jana Mkuu wa mkoa wa tabora alimdanganya rais kuwa wangevunja rekodi ya uzalishaji ilihali hakukuwa na. Tumbaku mashambani .

Naiona korosho ikilekea mwelekeo huu pia

 

[Bavaria]

Hakuna sehemu serikali ya Tanzania ikaweka mkono kukatoka salama.

 

[Zanzibar-ASP]

Kuna jambo la kujiuliza kwenye haya mazao ya biashara kabla hatujafikia hatua ya nini kifanyike.

Historia inaonyesha ya biashara yamekuwa yakiporomoka kila serkali.inapoingiza mkono wake. Zao lililoanza kiporomoka ni pamba kiasi cha kupoteza mvuto kwa wakulima huku sababu kuu ikiwa.
1 kutokupanda kwa bei ya zao hilo.
2 gharama za uzalishaji kutokuwiana na mapato
3 serikali kupitia bodi ya pamba kishindwa kusimamia kwa ufanisi zao hilo
4 kukosekana kwa mbinu mbadala za kuboresha uzalishaji na kuwavutia wazalishaji na wawekezaji wapya kwenye mnyororo wa thamani katika zao la pamba
5 serikali kuruhusu pembejeo feki kuingizwa na kugawiwa kwa wakulima hivyo kusababisha hasara kubwa wakulima.
6 vyama vya ushirika kushindwa kujiendesha na ufisadi mkubwa uliosababisha madeni yasiyolipika kwenye vyama hivyo.
7 serikali kuchukua hatua bila kufanya tafiti kwa kina juu ya matatizo yaliyochangia kuporomoka kwa zao hivyo kuchochea kuporomoka kwake.
Mpaka sasa ni kama zao hili halina maana tena kwa wakulima wa kanda ya ziwa.

Zao la kahawa.
Hili nalo kwa kiasi kikubwa liko hali tete sana mkoa pekee ambao bado unajitutumua ni kagera lakini sote tunajua hali ilivyokuwa mpaka wananchi kuamua kuuza kahawa kwa magendo kwenda Uganda. Sababu za kuanguka kwake zinafanana sana na zao la pamba kama nilovyoeleza pale juu.

Zao la tumbaku
Kuanzia mwaka 2001,mpaka 2010 hili ndiyo zao lililokuwa linatengeneza pesa nyingi sana kwa wakulima wake kutokana mfumo mzuri wa usimamizi chini ya bodi ya tumbaku ( pongezi kwao).

Hali ilibadilika ghafla kuanzia 2011 masoko yakaanza kuleta changamoto kwa wakulima changamoto hizo ni kama ifuatavyo.
1 Kubadilishwa kutoka malipo kwa shilingi za kitanzania kwenda kwenye dola, kuna upigaji mkubwa sana ulifanyika katika mfumo huu kama mnavyojua dola inavyofluctuate daily.
2 usimamizi kulegalega hasa kwa wazalishaji wanaojitegemea kuruhusiwa kuuza kilo zaidi ya makisio yao , hali hii ilichangia wakulima wadogo kuuza tumbaku yao kwa magendo hali iliyopelekea vyama vya msingi kukosa tumbaku na kushindwa kulipa madeni yake kwa wakopeshaji.
3 bei kuanza kuporomoka kiasi cha kukatisha tamaa wakulima. Kwa waliowahi kulima tumbaku nadhani mnafahamu tumbaku ndiyo zao pekee hapa nchini lenye gharama kubwa sana za uzalishaji. Watu hatukupata faida tena.
4 serikali ilipoingilia kati mfumo wa uzalishaji hasa kwa makampuni kuzuiwa kutoa mikopo kwa wakulima badala yake mabenki yatoe mikopo hii iliviumiza vyama vya ushirika na wakulima mmoja mmoja mabenki yalikuwa hayatoi malipo kwa wakulima mpaka warudishe mikopo yao hivyo malipo kuchelewa kwa wakulima. Mfano mkulima anauza mwezi June anakuja kupokea mwezi November tena siyo malipo yote .

5 Bodi kushindwa kurndesha minada ya tumbaku kwa wakati kutokana na kukosekana kwa nguvu kazi ya kutosha
6. Serikali kuingilia mfumo wa utoaji pembejeo hivyo pembejeo kuchelewa kufika kwa walengwa.

7 vyama vikuu vya ushirika kuu vya ushirika kuwa na migogoro na chama kilele mpaka kupelekea chama kilele kufutwa mwaka 2013.

8 kukosekana kwa mipango mikakati mizuri ilikupnguza monopoly ya wanunuzi na kupanua wigo wa bei kwa wakulima. Kama mnavyojua kuna makampumi mawili yanayonunua tumbaku nchini alliance one na TLTC.
Mwaka Jana Mkuu wa mkoa wa tabora alimdanganya rais kuwa wangevunja rekodi ya uzalishaji ilihali hakukuwa na. Tumbaku mashambani .

Naiona korosho ikilekea mwelekeo huu pia

Nimefurahishwa na uchambuzi wako.
Nimeweza kujifunza mengi kuhusu mazao ya kibiashara.

 

[Al Watani]

Malcom Lumumba umegusia suala la msingi sana.
Ninachokiona Mimi ni tatizo la kisera na kitaasisi.
1 Sera zinashindwa kuendana na mazingira ya uzalishaji.
2 zinashindwa kukabili changamoto za ushindani katika soko la dunia
3 hazitoi safeguards kwa mkulima linapokuja suala kuyumba kwa soko na changamoto zingine katika mazao husika.
4 haziendani na wakati hivyo kushindwa kukabiliana market forces globally .
Tatizo la kitaasisi.
1 taasisi haziko huru kufanya maamuzi yenye manufaa kwa wakulima
2 hazifanyi tafiti zakutisha juu ya njia za kumkomboa mkulima
3 hazina rasilimali watu na rasilimali fedha zitakazo siadia kuchangia ufanisi katika usimamizi wa mazao ya biashara
4 bado zinaendeshwa kwa sheria zilizojengwa katika mfumo wa kijamaa ilihali zinatakiwa zifanye kazi katika mazingira ya kiliberari
5 serikali kutokuwa na roadmap nzuri katika mazao haya. Serikali inatamani kodi kutoka kwenye mazao haya lakini haijui ifanye nini kuboresha zaidi.
6 regulation kujikita kwenye fiscal measures na man power production badala ya policy measures

Mshaanza tayari, mimi nadhani umechanganya vitu viwili mkuu:
1. introvert aliongelea kuhusu zao la korosho katika mwanga wa uchumi kiujumla kama bidhaa nyingine.
2. EMT kazungumzia kuhusu matatizo ya kitaasisi na kisera ambayo yanalivuruga uzalishaji wa korosho.
Naomba nimnukuu vizuri mtoa mada: The study examined the root causes of incessant market failure problem facing Tanzanian cashew nut industry. The overarching hypothesis of the study was that the industry challenges are both structural and institutional.

Hapa kuna tofauti kubwa sana kama hujaiona, labda unirekebisha kwa kutokuelewa:
Mchangiaji moja anazungumzia kanuni za uchumi kiujumla katika uuzaji wa bidhaa yoyote ile akufuta kanuni kuu za uzalishaji (Laws of demand and supply in relation to market dynamics) huku akilenga soko la korosho. (Introvert huyu)

Mchangiaji mwingine kasema jinsi usimamizi wa kisera na kitaasisi wa zao la korosho ulivyo mbovu hadi kupelekea kutetereka kwa soko. Mwishoni ndiyo akagusia na kutoa mapendekezo ambayo yanahusiana na soko la korosho kiujumla. (Huyu ni EMT)

Nadhani ingekuwa ni vyema sana kama tungeacha kukwaruzana kisiasa na kutafuta ni jinsi gani tunaweza kulitatua hili tatizo kitaalamu kabisa. Kitu ambacho najua hakipo katika utamaduni wetu, lakini tujitahidi tu.

 

[MALCOM LUMUMBA]

The WRS was vindicated as an effective system for the industry though its high transaction costs due to hiked administrative costs, weak institutional arrangements along the value chain, cooperative monopoly and inadequate enforcement of underlying regulations counteract its strength. Fair competition in the industry is stifled by clandestine buyer collusion and predatory pricing at the expense of local processing.

Sehemu hii ya kwanza imenifanya nione kwamba hili tatizo ni kubwa kuliko tulivyofikiri maana hata kama Korosho zitauzwa au kupata wateja mwaka huu bado tatizo kubwa kimfumo litaendelea kuwepo. Hapa tunahitaji utaalamu zaidi ya siasa.

Moreover, rumour has it that there are only two buyer companies/families for the raw cashew destined for the Indian market....... There is need to diversify the market to break over-dependence on the Indian raw cashew export market by building internal processing capacity and exploring alternative markets globally.....

Sehemu hii ya pili imenigusa lakini imefanya nijenge maswali zaidi. Nini kilitokea hadi tukashindwa kutafuta mbadala wa masoko mapema ?? Halafu inakuwaje hata hatusituki kwamba watu wachache wanakuwa wameshikilia soko lote ??

WRS is a legally established institution which is supposed to run according to the underlying law/regulations. However, it is puzzling that the system is run through frequent political pronouncements from government leaders...... The problem is exacerbated by the complex nature of entities involved in administering the system in a situation where CBT has turned into an onlooker interested in dancing to the tune of politicians’ interests...........

Hili ndilo tatizo kubwa hapa nchini kwetu (Bureaucracy), Sheria na taratibu zipo lakini kuna kautamaduni kwamba wanasiasa hasa wa chama tawala ni lazima wapeleke pua zao (Tentacles) kwenye kila taasisi hapa nchini pamoja na kusimamia maamuzi yake. Hili halijaanza leo, lina historia ndefu sana hapa nchini, tangu siku ambapo Mzee Nyerere aliamua kuvitoa sadaka vyama vya ushirika kwenye madhabahu ya Ujamaa bila kuangalia madhara mapana kwa taifa.

Political interference in the industry has led to decreased morale on the part of CBT’s technical personnel, who are now weary of any innovative action for fear of backlash from producers, politicians and activists (all these are now cashew experts in their own rights!).

Nadhani ufike muda muafaka sasa kama nchi tuwekeze sana kwenye utaalamu kuliko siasa. Serikali isipende kupeleka pua sehemu zinazohitaji utaalamu. Nimepitia kidogo nguvu na mamlaka ya Bodi ya Korosho nikaona kuna tatizo kubwa sana na kuziacha hizi bodi ziwe zinapelekwa na matakwa ya waziri bila kuweka mfumo ambao utazihakikishia hizi bodi uhuru wa kiutendaji hata ambapo Waziri anataka kupeleka pua yake sana bila kufuata ushauri wa kiutalaamu na sheria.

CC: PTER , Bavaria

 

[Al Watani]

Asante Mkuu naguswa sana na mazao ambayo ndiyo yangeendeshwa vizuri sasa hivi tungekuwa mbali sana.
Zao pekee lililobaki linapiga mateke ni korosho ila kifo chake nakiona kama mazao mengine niliyoyataja .

Nimefurahishwa na uchambuzi wako.
Nimeweza kujifunza mengi kuhusu mazao ya kibiashara.

 

[ommy15]

Asanten wachangiaji wote na mtoa mada. Michango yenu n shule kabisa sijui kwann hawa wanasiasa hawajifunzi kwenye haya au wao wananufaika kwenye haya. Pia anachokifanya rais na wazir mkuu sio dawa ya tatizo kabisa kwani wanatibu kwa muda tu tatizo hili badala ya kuweka sera na kuimarisha taasisi za mazao hayo ili hata wao wakiondoka bado impact nzuri iendelee kuwepo

 

[TUJITEGEMEE]

Mchangiaji moja anazungumzia kanuni za uchumi kiujumla katika uuzaji wa bidhaa yoyote ile akufuta kanuni kuu za uzalishaji (Laws of demand and supply in relation to market dynamics) huku akilenga soko la korosho. (Introvert huyu)

Kuhusu Introvert na EMT.
---
Umefafanua vizuri kabisa kwamba Introvert alijkita zaidi kwenye suala la korosho katika mlengo wa kiuchumi tena kwa ujumla wakati EMT alijikita kwenye mlengo wa utendaji wa taasisi na sera katika kufanikisha biashara ya korosho. Hii ni kweli kabisa.

Mkuu, binafsi nijuavyo wachumi hata wawe wanatoa maelezo ya jumla ama ya 'rejareja' (detailed information) lazima maelezo yao yaambatane na takwimu ikibidi hata katika ujumla wake. Ukweli niliouona kwenye maelezo ya Introvert nikuwa hakukuwa na hata harufu ya takwimu. Sasa hili lilinitatiza, kwani mtaalamu anayeeleza masuala yahusuyo uchumi tena kwa mbwembwe za kebehi kwa wengine anakosaje kutupa hata 'rough' figures kuhusu hoja anazozijenga? Ndiyo maana nikawa na wasiwasi uweda hana uelewa wa kutosha na hana 'facts' juu ya suala zima linaloongelewa.Ndiyo maana nikamuita aje aangale maelezo haya ili apate la kujifunza kutoka kwa wengine. Facts zimekosekana kwenye maelezo ya mchumi Introvert, hii ni kwa maoni yangu yanaweza kuwa na tofauti na ya wengine.

Nadhani ingekuwa ni vyema sana kama tungeacha kukwaruzana kisiasa

Kuna uwezekano, ninapotoa maoni ya kukataa kuunga hoja ya member hapa JF ninaonekana nina malengo ya kisiasa hasa kwenye nyuzi za namna hii. Nasema yawezekana. Hata hivyo ningependa kukuhakikishia katika masuala kama haya, siasa huwa naziweka pembeni na kutanguliza maslahi ya taifa ambayo ninaamini yanamanufaa ya watanzania wote. Kama 'usiasa' unaonekana kwenye hoja hizo, wanaJF niwieni radhi lakini sitaacha kutetea jambo ambalo lina maslahi kwa taifa langu Tanzania kwa njia ambazo naziona zinafaa. Hapa nasisitiza sitaacha kamwe, naomba mnielewe hivyo

kutafuta ni jinsi gani tunaweza kulitatua hili tatizo kitaalamu kabisa

Hili ni jambo la msingi sana. Utatuzi wa kitaalamu ni muhimu sana hasa kama wataalamu wanaohusika wanatumia utaalamu wao kwa maslahi mapana ya nchi yetu. Mkuu tutakubaliana kuwa kuna baadhi ya wataalamu wetu tena tuliowaamini kabisa hawatumii utaalamu wao kwa maslahi mapana ya nchi yetu. Mifano ipo. Kwa kuzingatia hili inapotokea serikali ikawatilia mashaka na kisha kugundua kuwa wanahujumu maslahi mapana ya taifa na ikaanza kuwashighulikia kwa taaratibu zilizopo; tafadhali tuiache ifanye hivyo kwa uhuru.

....kulitatua hili tatizo kitaalamu kabisa. Kitu ambacho najua hakipo katika utamaduni wetu, lakini tujitahidi tu

Nadhani ni makosa kutoa kauli nzito kama hii kwa kuunganisha watu wote. Hapa nadhani umekosea kwani siamini kabisa kuwa katika utamaduni wetu kama nchi ama raia mmoja mmoja hatuna utaratibu wa kutatua matatizo kitaalamu. Mara ngapi mijadala, mipango imefanywa na kutekelezwa kitaalamu kukabili matatizo yanayotugusa na kisha kupitia mijadala ama mipango hiyo suluhu ya tatizo inapatikana? Mifano mizuri ipo pia. Tena mfano rahisi ni huu. Hivi kweli, Mkuu, bila utamaduni wetu wa kutumia utaalamu katika mipango yetu, sisi kama nch,i tungeweza kumtimua Idd Amin kutoka ndani ya mipaka yetu na kisha kumfurusha pale Kampala akakimbilia Arua nako tukamtimua?...bila mipango ya kitaalamu ili lingefanikiwa kweli?. Kuwa 'fair' tafadhali katika hili.

Yawezekana kwa baadhi ya mambo tunapata shida kidogo kufanikiwa, lakini hili lisitufanye tudharau utamaduni na watu wetu kiasi hiki. Nashauri tuthamini vya kwetu.

Yangu ni hayo.
Karibu.

.

 

[MALCOM LUMUMBA]

Malcom Lumumba umegusia suala la msingi sana.
Ninachokiona Mimi ni tatizo la kisera na kitaasisi.
1 Sera zinashindwa kuendana na mazingira ya uzalishaji.
2 zinashindwa kukabili changamoto za ushindani katika soko la dunia
3 hazitoi safeguards kwa mkulima linapokuja suala kuyumba kwa soko na changamoto zingine katika mazao husika.
4 haziendani na wakati hivyo kushindwa kukabiliana market forces globally .
Tatizo la kitaasisi.
1 taasisi haziko huru kufanya maamuzi yenye manufaa kwa wakulima
2 hazifanyi tafiti zakutisha juu ya njia za kumkomboa mkulima
3 hazina rasilimali watu na rasilimali fedha zitakazo siadia kuchangia ufanisi katika usimamizi wa mazao ya biashara
4 bado zinaendeshwa kwa sheria zilizojengwa katika mfumo wa kijamaa ilihali zinatakiwa zifanye kazi katika mazingira ya kiliberari
5 serikali kutokuwa na roadmap nzuri katika mazao haya. Serikali inatamani kodi kutoka kwenye mazao haya lakini haijui ifanye nini kuboresha zaidi.
6 regulation kujikita kwenye fiscal measures na man power production badala ya policy measures

Mkuu wangu Bureaucracy ya Tanzania ndiyo tatizo. Hivi kama Bodi ya Korosho iliyoanzishwa kisheria kwa ajili ya kusimamia kila kitu kuhusiana na korosho ipo kuna haji gani ya kumpa Waziri nguvu nyingi kiasi kwamba anaweza akafanya lolote lile atakalo bila kupingwa ??

Ukisoma ile Sheria ya Korosho ya mwaka 2009 inasema kwamba Bodi ya Korosho ni mtu kisheria "Body Corporate" lakini unakuja kushangaa wanasema tena kwamba Waziri wa kilimo ndiyo atakuwa anaipa bodi hii maelekezo ya ujumla na maalumu hii bodi katika utendaji wake wa kila siku ambapo bodi lazima iyafuate. Hivi kama hayo maelekezo yako kinyume cha sheria au yanalenga kuumiza utendaji wa bodi kuna njia gani ya kumzuia huyu Waziri wa Kilimo ?? Nanukuu hapa, hebu soma mkuu:
"The Minister may, in writing give to the Board directions of a general or specific character about the exercise of its powers or performance of its functions and the Board shall give effect to every such direction."

Hili ndilo tatizo kubwa, kwanini hiyo bodi isiwekwe na wataalamu na wadau wakuu wa korosho ambao watakuwa wanaishauri Serikali na hata wapewe VETO ya kupinga kwa maandishi baadhi ya maelekezo ya Waziri wa kilimo kama yatakuwa kinyume cha sheria, kanuni na taratibu yanayoweza kuteteresha soko la Korosho ??

Kutokana na unyeti wa zao Korosho hapa nchini kama alivyosema Mkuu EMT, nadhani haitakuwa vyema hata kidogo kuwaachia wanasiasa hatma ya mwisho ya hili zao. Hivi unadhani kwanini Jeshi la Wananchi (JWTZ @TPDF) linafanya kazi vizuri sana hapa nchini ?? Sababu ni ndogo sana tu: Waziri na Wanasiasa wengine hawana mamlaka ya kuingilia ile taasisi bila sababu za msingi. Bodi ya Korosho nayo iwe hivi......

 

[Al Watani]

Sehemu hii ya kwanza imenifanya nione kwamba hili tatizo ni kubwa kuliko tulivyofikiri maana hata kama Korosho zitauzwa au kupata wateja mwaka huu bado tatizo kubwa kimfumo litaendelea kuwepo. Hapa tunahitaji utaalamu zaidi ya siasa.



Sehemu hii ya pili imenigusa lakini imefanya nijenge maswali zaidi. Nini kilitokea hadi tukashindwa kutafuta mbadala wa masoko mapema ?? Halafu inakuwaje hata hatusituki kwamba watu wachache wanakuwa wameshikilia soko lote ??



Hili ndilo tatizo kubwa hapa nchini kwetu (Bureaucracy), Sheria na taratibu zipo lakini kuna kautamaduni kwamba wanasiasa hasa wa chama tawala ni lazima wapeleke pua zao (Tentacles) kwenye kila taasisi hapa nchini pamoja na kusimamia maamuzi yake. Hili halijaanza leo, lina historia ndefu sana hapa nchini, tangu siku ambapo Mzee Nyerere aliamua kuvitoa sadaka vyama vya ushirika kwenye madhabahu ya Ujamaa bila kuangalia madhara mapana kwa taifa.



Nadhani ufike muda muafaka sasa kama nchi tuwekeze sana kwenye utaalamu kuliko siasa. Serikali isipende kupeleka pua sehemu zinazohitaji utaalamu. Nimepitia kidogo nguvu na mamlaka ya Bodi ya Korosho nikaona kuna tatizo kubwa sana na kuziacha hizi bodi ziwe zinapelekwa na matakwa ya waziri bila kuweka mfumo ambao utazihakikishia hizi bodi uhuru wa kiutendaji hata ambapo Waziri anataka kupeleka pua yake sana bila kufuata ushauri wa kiutalaamu na sheria.

CC: PTER , Bavaria

Bodi hizi zilianzishwa wakati wa ujamaa wa Mwalimu zikiwa kama Marketing Boards zilifanikiwa kwa kiwango Fulani lakini baadae zikaingia kwenye mkwamo ambao ulitulazimisha ama kuzivunja na kuunda taasisi nyingine au kuzifanyia marekebisho ya hapa na pale.
Kutokana na msingi huo basi zimeendelea kujiendesha katika nadharia ya ujamaa ilhali zinafanya kazi katika mazingira ya kiliberali, ndiya maana mfumo wake wa kimaamuzi unachangamoto ambazo matokeo yake tunayaona kwenye mazao yaliporomoka tayari na hili linaloelekea kuporomoka.

Nikiri kwamba kuhuishwa kwa bodi hizi haukuwa kwa lengo la kutengeneza new initiative ili ziweze kuboresha uzalishaji badala yake uhuishaji ulikuwa curative in response to the market failures ambazo kimsingi hazijapatiwa ufumbuzi mpaka sasa huku sababu kuu ni hizo DECISION MAKING MACHINERY KWENYE BOARDS.

 

[MALCOM LUMUMBA]

chige tafadhali upite mitaa hii

 

[Al Watani]

Kwanza nikupe kongole kwa hoja yako hii ya msingi sana.

Decision making machinery iliyojengwa katika sheria iliyoanzisha bodi ya korosho ina matatizo makubwa kadhaa
1 waziri kupewa mamlaka makubwa kupitiliza ndani ya sheria
2 Waziri kuwa disciplinary authority ya board
3 Board kutokuwa katika kufanya kazi zake.

Nimesoma kifungu cha 8 cha the cashewnuts industry Act of 2009 na kifungu cha 6 cha the Tobacco Industry Act of 2001.
Nimepata picha halisi kwa nini bodi hizi za mazao hazifanyi kazi zake kwa ufanisi.

Mawaziri wamekuwa na mamlaka makubwa kiasi ya kuingilia utendaji wa bodi.

Kama kumbukumbu zangu ziko vizuri miaka mwaka Jana kulikuwa na fukuto kati ya mkurugenzi bodi ya korosho na waziri. Wenye kumbukumbu nzuri na data watuwekee.
Hii inatokana na sheria ya bodi kumpa manlaka makubwa waziri kiasi cha kuifanya bodi ya korosho iwe useless

Mkuu wangu Bureaucracy ya Tanzania ndiyo tatizo. Hivi kama Bodi ya Korosho iliyoanzishwa kisheria kwa ajili ya kusimamia kila kitu kuhusiana na korosho ipo kuna haji gani ya kumpa Waziri nguvu nyingi kiasi kwamba anaweza akafanya lolote lile atakalo bila kupingwa ??

Ukisoma ile Sheria ya Korosho ya mwaka 2009 inasema kwamba Bodi ya Korosho ni mtu kisheria "Body Corporate" lakini unakuja kushangaa wanasema tena kwamba Waziri wa kilimo ndiyo atakuwa anaipa bodi hii maelekezo ya ujumla na maalumu hii bodi katika utendaji wake wa kila siku ambapo bodi lazima iyafuate. Hivi kama hayo maelekezo yako kinyume cha sheria au yanalenga kuumiza utendaji wa bodi kuna njia gani ya kumzuia huyu Waziri wa Kilimo ?? Nanukuu hapa, hebu soma mkuu:
"The Minister may, in writing give to the Board directions of a general or specific character about the exercise of its powers or performance of its functions and the Board shall give effect to every such direction."

Hili ndilo tatizo kubwa, kwanini hiyo bodi isiwekwe na wataalamu na wadau wakuu wa korosho ambao watakuwa wanaishauri Serikali na hata wapewe VETO ya kupinga kwa maandishi baadhi ya maelekezo ya Waziri wa kilimo kama yatakuwa kinyume cha sheria, kanuni na taratibu yanayoweza kuteteresha soko la Korosho ??

Kutokana na unyeti wa zao Korosho hapa nchini kama alivyosema Mkuu EMT, nadhani haitakuwa vyema hata kidogo kuwaachia wanasiasa hatma ya mwisho ya hili zao. Hivi unadhani kwanini Jeshi la Wananchi linafanya kazi vizuri sana hapa nchini ?? Sababu ni ndogo sana tu: Waziri na Wanasiasa wengine hawana mamlaka ya kuingilia ile taasisi bila sababu za msingi. Bodi ya Korosho nayo iwe hivi......

 

[TUJITEGEMEE]

Trends, Challenges and Opportunities

Asante mkuu kwa ushahidi huu. Naomba msaada wa tafsiri ya maelezo yaliyozungushiwa kwa wino mwekundu kwenye 'row' ya Farmer price in IVC. Hiyo IVC na CFA ni vina maana gani. Natanguliza shukrani.

 

[EMT]

Asante mkuu kwa ushahidi huu. Naomba msaada wa tafsiri ya maelezo yaliyozungushiwa kwa wino mwekundu kwenye 'row' ya Farmer price in IVC. Hiyo IVC na CFA ni vina maana gani. Natanguliza shukrani.

IVC stands for Ivory Coast aka nchi inayoogoza kwa uzalishaji wa korosho Africa.

CFA means Communauté financière d'Afrique ("Financial Community of Africa") or Communauté Financière Africaine ("African Financial Community").

CFA francs are two currencies used by some countries in West and Central Africa and guaranteed by the French treasury.