Kisumu vs Mwanza

Kuna kitu la kujibu mdanganyika mshenzi kama wewe?Afadhali nipatie maji ng'ombe
Kuna hiii, pia hebu tuambie meli ya wapi hii? ipo imetia nanga Kisumu port!



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Na hi MV Nansio ambayo husafirisha abiria wanaosafiri kati ya Visiwa vya Mbita na Mfanango vilivyo Kisumu

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Ports and port infrastructure
The main ports on the lake are in Kisumu in Kenya; Mwanza, Musoma, Bukoba in Tanzania; Entebbe, Port Bell and Jinja in Uganda. Many smaller Lake Victoria ports are also in use, the number of ports served by ferries in Tanzania alone reaches 30.

The four ports Kisumu, Port Bell, Musoma and Mwanza allow dedicated train ferries to dock at railroad ferry wharfs with jetties for direct rail track access to the ferries. The track gauge for the transported railway wagons is . In 2018, two of the railroad wharfs at the ports of Port Bell and Mwanza were in use. The train ferries connect the Uganda Railway at Port Bell in Uganda with the Central Line at Mwanza in Tanzania. The Central Line is linked to the Indian Ocean port of Dar es Salaam in Tanzania to transport freight to and from world markets. The rail jetties at Kisumu and at Musoma connect to railyards in the port area - but these are rarely in use as there are no operational railways in the hinterland. Typical journey times were 13 hours between Port Bell in Uganda and Kisumu in Kenya, and 19 hours between Port Bell and Mwanza in Tanzania.

The most important Lake Victoria port is Mwanza in Tanzania not only because of the port infrastructure, rail and road access to the Indian Ocean but also because of major pieces of facilities for ferry operation, service and construction. Dedicated dry docks for ferry repairs exist in or near Mwanza, Kisumu and Port Bell, but only the dry docks in Mwanza are thoroughly used. The industry for Lake Victoria has moved here.

Ferries
The first ferry on Lake Victoria started operation in 1900 during the colonial era and the rule of the British Empire at the port of Kisumu. The original steamboats were later replaced by motor ships, some of them still operate on the lake. Almost all ferries (trains, cargo, passenger) in operation at the end of the 20th century were decades old. In 2018, most of them are still in operation. Newer 21st century-built ferries make up the majority of all ferries on Lake Victoria as of 2018. The number of ferries known to be in commercial operation amount to around 30 (in Tanzania), 5 (in Uganda) and 6 (in Kenya).

The largest ferries for the transport of cargo on Lake Victoria are the train ferries MV Umoja, MV Uhuru, MV Kaawa and MV Pemba. These are considered for international operation between Tanzania, Uganda and Kenya. Each of them is able to transport 1180 tonnes of goods or 22 long rail waggons in four lanes (four tracks). In 2018, MV Umoja and MV Kaawa were in use between Port Bell and Mwanza, the two ferries MV Pemba and MV Uhuru were suspended. The largest passenger ship on Lake Victoria is MV Victoria, a vessel which can transport up to 1200 passengers. These five vessels are between 30-60 years old and state-owned.

New Ro-Pax and Ro-Ro multipurpose ferries are constantly going into operation in the 21st century, built and assembled in Mwanza in Tanzania. These new ferries were growing in size and capacity over the years with the newest additions coming close to the capacity of the older large train ferries. Two new Tanzanian state-owned Ro-Pax ferries, MV Misungwi (2016) and MV Mwanza (2018), can transport up to 1000 passengers including up to 36 cars or up to 250 tonnes of cargo. The largest privately-owned ferry on Lake Victoria is a new Tanzanian Ro-Pax ferry from 2016, the MV Nyehunge II with a transport capacity of 284 tonnes of goods or 40 cars and 500 passengers.

Apart from the motor vessels listed below, two steam ships more than 100 years old are reported to be still present on Lake Victoria in 2018: SS Nyanza and SS Rusinga. Both are in private hands, at least SS Nyanza is suspended from operation in 2018.

Motor Vessels on Lake Victoria (2018)
CountryOperatorList of Vessels, in operation or in suspension
TanzaniaTEMESA
TanzaniaMarine Services Company Limited
TanzaniaNyehunge IT Support Ltd
TanzaniaKamanga Ferry Ltd
UgandaEarthwise Ferries Ltd
UgandaUganda Railways Corporation
UgandaKalangala Infrastructure Services Ltd
UgandaNation Oil Distributors Ltd
MV Kalangala
KenyaKenya Railways Corporation
KenyaMbita Ferries Ltd
KenyaGlobology Ltd
The 20th century ferries have almost entirely been designed and built outside Africa, mostly in the UK and Germany but were assembled at Lake Victoria from pre-assembled parts. Most of the ferries delivered to several operators around Lake Victoria in the 21st century however have been designed and built in Tanzania through construction firms with dockyards and floating dry docks located at Mwanza port. Most new ro-ro ferries on Lake Victoria have been built by local Songoro Marine Transport Ltd, a company with construction services in Mwanza. Outside Mwanza, a new Kenyan company based in Kisumu, Globology Ltd, is planning to build and to operate up to 15 passenger-only catamaran passenger ferries until 2020.

Ferry history
Uganda Railway steamers
The original ships serving the Uganda Railway were built in the United Kingdom as "knock down" ships; that is, they were bolted together, all the parts marked with numbers, disassembled into thousands of parts, transported in kit form by sea to Mombasa and by railway to Kisumu and reassembled.

SS William Mackinnon was built for the Imperial British East Africa Company in 1890 by Bow, McLachlan and Company at Paisley in Scotland but not launched at Kisumu until 1900. In the First World War, she was armed as a gunboat. In 1929, she was withdrawn from service, taken into deep water and scuttled.

The sister ships SS Winifred and SS Sybil were built by Bow, McLachlan & Co in 1901.Winifred was launched on the lake in 1902 followed by Sybil in 1903. In the First World War East African Campaign, they were armed as gunboats. In 1914, Sybil was beached after striking a rock but she was refloated in 1915 and refitted and returned to service in 1916. In 1924, Sybil was converted into a lighter. Winifred was purposely sunk in 1936 to form a breakwater off Luamba Island. Her remains were scrapped in 1954. In the 1950s, Sybil sank at her moorings but she was raised, restored as a passenger and cargo vessel, and in 1956 re-entered service. In 1967, Sybil was purposely sunk at Kisumu to form a breakwater.

SS Clement Hill was built by Bow, McLachlan & Co in 1905. She served on the lake from 1907 to 1935. In 1936 she was purposely sunk at Bukakata to form a breakwater.

SS Nyanza is a cargo steamer built by Bow, McLachlan & Co in 1907. She was reported to be laid up as of 2007.

SS Kavirondo is a tugboat built by Bow, McLachlan & Co in 1912 and launched at Kisumu in 1913. During the First World War, she served as a gunboat. In about 1984, she was laid up at Kisumu and later was used as an accommodation vessel. She later sank alongside, but in 2005 was raised. Her purchasers intended to lengthen and re-engine her for use as a tanker.

The sister ships SS Rusinga and SS Usoga were built by Bow, McLachlan & Co in 1913 and launched on the lake in 1914 and 1915, respectively. They were troop ships during the First World War East African Campaign and passed into civilian service after the Armistice. EAR&H withdrew Rusinga for scrap in 1966, but she passed into private ownership and in 2005 was still in service.Usoga was laid up in 1975, sank at her moorings at Kisumu in the 1990s, and as of 2006 her remains were still there.

SS Buganda and SS Buvuma were tugboats built by Bow, McLachlan & Co in 1925. In the 1980s, Buvuma was laid up and sank at her jetty.

 
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