Petro E. Mselewa,
..inaelekea JK haielewi sakata ya Eric Snowden na NSA.
Mkuu
JokaKuu, Edward Joseph Snowden huyu hapa:
Edward Joseph Snowden (born June 21, 1983) is an American computer specialist, former employee of the
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and former
contractor for the
National Security Agency (NSA). He came to international attention when he disclosed a large number of
classified documents to several media outlets. The
leaked documents revealed operational details of a
global surveillance apparatus run by the NSA and other members of the
Five Eyes alliance, along with numerous commercial and international partners.[SUP]
[2]
[/SUP]
The release of classified material was called the most significant
leak in US history by
Pentagon Papers leaker
Daniel Ellsberg. A
series of exposés beginning June 5, 2013 revealed Internet surveillance programs such as
PRISM,
XKeyscore and
Tempora, as well as the interception of US and European telephone
metadata. The reports were based on documents Snowden leaked to
The Guardian and
The Washington Post while employed by NSA contractor
Booz Allen Hamilton. By November 2013,
The Guardian had published one percent of the documents, with "the worst yet to come".
Snowden flew to Hong Kong from his home in Hawaii on May 20, 2013, where he later met with journalists
Glenn Greenwald and
Laura Poitras and supplied them with copies of many of the NSA documents.[SUP]
[3][/SUP][SUP]
[4][/SUP]
On June 21 the U.S.
Justice Department unsealed charges against Snowden[SUP]
[5][/SUP] and his passport was revoked by the
State Department the next day.[SUP]
[6][/SUP] Snowden left Hong Kong on June 23 and landed at Moscow's Sheremetyevo International Airport. According to Russian media and
Julian Assange, whose organization,
Wikileaks, was assisting Snowden, he was en route to Ecuador.[SUP]
[7][/SUP] Snowden did not board an onward flight, however, and reportedly remained in the Sheremetyevo airport transit zone until August 1,[SUP]
[8][/SUP] at which time the Russian government granted him a one-year temporary
asylum, renewable annually.
A subject of controversy, Snowden has been variously called a
hero,[SUP]
[9][/SUP][SUP]
[10][/SUP][SUP]
[11][/SUP] a
whistleblower,[SUP]
[12][/SUP][SUP]
[13][/SUP][SUP]
[14][/SUP][SUP]
[15][/SUP] a
dissident,[SUP]
[16][/SUP] a
traitor,[SUP]
[17][/SUP][SUP]
[18][/SUP][SUP]
[19][/SUP] and a
patriot.[SUP]
[20][/SUP][SUP]
[21][/SUP][SUP]
[22][/SUP] Snowden's "sole motive" for leaking the documents was, in his words, "to inform the public as to that which is done in their name and that which is done against them."[SUP]
[23][/SUP] The disclosures have fueled debates over
mass surveillance,
government secrecy, and the balance between
national security and
information privacy. Two court rulings since the initial leaks have split on the constitutionality of the NSA's bulk collection of telephone metadata. According to German politician
Hans-Christian Stroebele, Snowden is seeking permanent asylum in a "democratic" country such as Germany or France.[SUP]
[24][/SUP] Snowden's legal adviser,
Jesselyn Radack, said in January 2014 that Snowden would eventually like to return to the US "if the conditions were right", but that he knows he is safe in Russia for the present.[SUP]
[25]
[/SUP]
Snowden is considered a fugitive by American authorities who in June 2013 charged him with
espionage and theft of government property.[SUP]
[26][/SUP] In early 2014, numerous media outlets and politicians issued calls for leniency in the form of
clemency,
amnesty or
pardon, while others called for him to be imprisoned or killed.[SUP]
[27][/SUP][SUP]
[28][/SUP] He lives in an undisclosed location in Russia, serves as
Rector of the University of Glasgow, and serves on the
Freedom of the Press Foundation board of directors.[SUP]
[29][30][31][/SUP]
[SUP]Source: [/SUP]
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Snowden