Government and The State

[Andrew Nyerere]

Nimepewa assingment niandike kuhusu government and the state. Kwa hiyo I will writie something---anything.Televison set yangu imekuwa silent for 7 days now,imeharibika. Lakin maybe nothing much has changed in the wolrd,ni matatizo yale yale tu;balance-the budget -talk in The united Staes,Italy,Greece,Spain and Portugal,na occasional terrorists attacks in Pakistan and Afghanistan,pamoja na matatizo ya Syria,Libya,Yemen,that is just about it.This computer is an embarrassment. Hata sina hakika kama ninalotaka kuandika litaeleweka.And it was by these steps that the executive branch of government gradually came into existence. The clan and tribal councils continued in an advisory capacity and as forerunners of the later appearing legislative and judicial branches Effective state rule only came with the arrival of a chief with full executive authority. Man found that effective government could be had only by conferring power on a personality, not by endowing an idea. the white man, who was pursuing the governmental methods of the Greeks and the Romans. 71:1.13 The successful Roman state was based on:

• The father-family.
• Agriculture and the domestication of animals.
• Condensation of population—cities.
• Private property and land.
• Slavery—classes of citizenship.
• Conquest and reorganization of weak and backward peoples.
• Definite territory with roads.
• Personal and strong rulers.

71:1.14 The great weakness in Roman civilization, and a factor in the ultimate collapse of the empire, was the supposed liberal and advanced provision for the emancipation of the boy at twenty-one and the unconditional release of the girl so that she was at liberty to marry a man of her own choosing or to go abroad in the land to become immoral. The harm to society consisted not in these reforms themselves but rather in the sudden and extensive manner of their adoption. The collapse of Rome indicates what may be expected when a state undergoes too rapid extension associated with internal degeneration.
If men would maintain their freedom, they must, after having chosen their charter of liberty, provide for its wise, intelligent, and fearless interpretation to the end that there may be prevented:

• Usurpation of unwarranted power by either the executive or legislative branches.
• Machinations of ignorant and superstitious agitators.
• Retardation of scientific progress.
• Stalemate of the dominance of mediocrity.
• Domination by vicious minorities.
• Control by ambitious and clever would-be dictators.
• Disastrous disruption of panics.
• Exploitation by the unscrupulous.
• Taxation enslavement of the citizenry by the state.
• Failure of social and economic fairness.
• Union of church and state.
• Loss of personal liberty.

Every human institution had a beginning, and civil government is a product of progressive evolution just as much as are marriage, industry, and religion. From the early clans and primitive tribes there gradually developed the successive orders of human government which have come and gone right on down to those forms of social and civil regulation that characterize the second third of the twentieth century. 70:5.2 With the gradual emergence of the family units the foundations of government were established in the clan organization, the grouping of consanguineous families. The first real governmental body was the council of the elders. This regulative group was composed of old men who had distinguished themselves in some efficient manner. Wisdom and experience were early appreciated even by barbaric man, and there ensued a long age of the domination of the elders. This reign of the oligarchy of age gradually grew into the patriarchal idea.
p There are ten steps, or stages, to the evolution of a practical and efficient form of representative government, and these are:

• 71:2.5 Freedom of the person. Slavery, serfdom, and all forms of human bondage must disappear.
• 71:2.6 Freedom of the mind. Unless a free people are educated—taught to think intelligently and plan wisely—freedom usually does more harm than good.
• 71:2.7 The reign of law. Liberty can be enjoyed only when the will and whims of human rulers are replaced by legislative enactments in accordance with accepted fundamental law.
• 71:2.8 Freedom of speech. Representative government is unthinkable without freedom of all forms of expression for human aspirations and opinions.
• 71:2.9 Security of property. No government can long endure if it fails to provide for the right to enjoy personal property in some form. Man craves the right to use, control, bestow, sell, lease, and bequeath his personal property.
• 71:2.10 The right of petition. Representative government assumes the right of citizens to be heard. The privilege of petition is inherent in free citizenship.
• 71:2.11 The right to rule. It is not enough to be heard; the power of petition must progress to the actual management of the government.
• 71:2.12 Universal suffrage. Representative government presupposes an intelligent, efficient, and universal electorate. The character of such a government will ever be determined by the character and caliber of those who compose it. As civilization progresses, suffrage, while remaining universal for both sexes, will be effectively modified, regrouped, and otherwise differentiated.
• 71:2.13 Control of public servants. No civil government will be serviceable and effective unless the citizenry possess and use wise techniques of guiding and controlling officeholders and public servants.

The ideal state functions under the impulse of three mighty and co-ordinated drives:

• Love loyalty derived from the realization of human brotherhood.
• Intelligent patriotism based on wise ideals.
• Cosmic insight interpreted in terms of planetary facts, needs, and goals.

71:3.4 The laws of the ideal state are few in numberpEconomics, society, and government must evolve if they are to remain. Static conditions on an evolutionary world are indicative of decay; only those institutions which move forward with the evolutionary stream persist. 71:4.2 The progressive program of an expanding civilization embraces:

• Preservation of individual liberties.
• Protection of the home.
• Promotion of economic security.
• Prevention of disease.
• Compulsory education.
• Compulsory employment.
• Profitable utilization of leisure.
• Care of the unfortunate.
• Race improvement.
• Promotion of science and art.
• Promotion of philosophy—wisdom.

 

[Andrew Nyerere]

Tanzania watu wanachaguliwa kwa ajili ya Chama,wakati Wazungu wameitatwala dunia kwa kuunda Serkali kwa kuwaiga Greeks and Romans,by giving leadership of Government to a strong personality. Laima tuache hii anyone-can-President,anyone canbe MP mentality.