Mbimbinho
JF-Expert Member
- Aug 1, 2009
- 8,316
- 7,734
Mkuu mafuta yote hayo wanayachimba America tu??? Nauliza tuNafaka, hiyo hadithi ya mafuta ni ya kizamani sana- duniani iko mbele miaka 100
The top five oil-generating countries are as follows:
1. United States
The United States is the top oil-producing country in the world, with an average of 17.87 million b/d, which accounts for 18% of the world's production. This is up from the 15.6 million b/d in 2017. The U.S. has held the top spot for the past six years.
The U.S. overtook Russia in 2012 for the No. 2 spot and surpassed former leader Saudi Arabia in 2013 to become the world's top oil producer. Much of the increased U.S. production is attributable to fracking in the shale formations in Texas and North Dakota. The U.S. has been a net exporter of oil (i.e., exports exceed imports) since early 2011.
2. Saudi Arabia
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia contributes 12.42 million b/d, representing 12% of the world's total production. Saudi Arabia is the only member of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) to make this list.
According to The World Factbook, the petroleum sector accounts for roughly 42% of the country's gross domestic product (GDP), 87% of its budget revenues and 90% of export earnings. Saudi Arabia's major oil fields include Ghawar, Safaniya, Khurais, Manifa, Shaybah, Qatif, Khursaniyah, Zuluf, and Abqaiq.
Global oil production is expected to go from 80 million b/d in 2018 to 107 million b/d in 2050, per the EIA.
3. Russia
While Russia has fallen in the ranks, it remains one of the world's top oil producers, with an average of 11.4 million b/d in 2018, accounting for 11% of total world production.
Russia's main regions of oil production are Western Siberia, Volga-Ural, Krasnoyarsk, Sakhalin, Komi Republic, Arkhangelsk, Irkutsk, and Yakutiya. Most of the production originates from the Priobskoye and Samotlor fields in Western Siberia.
The oil industry in Russia was privatized after the fall of the Soviet Union, but after a few years, the companies were reverted to state control. Some of Russia's most prominent oil production companies are Rosneft, Surgutneftegaz, Gazprom Neft, and Tatneft.
4. Canada
Canada holds the fifth spot among the world's leading oil producers, with an average production of 5.27 million b/d in 2018, accounting for 5% of global production. According to the EIA International Energy Outlook 2019, Canada's production could double by 2050, rising 126%, topping growth from any of the other non-OPEC countries. This increase is expected to come primarily from oil sands production, one of the costliest ways to extract crude. However, technological advancements are bringing down costs significantly.
Canada's main sources of oil production are the oil sands of Alberta, the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin, and Atlantic offshore fields.
5. China
China produced an average of 4.82 million b/d of oil in 2018, which accounts for 5% of the world's production. China is a net importer of oil, as the country consumed an average of 12.79 million b/d last year.
The northeast and north-central region of the country are responsible for the majority of domestic production. Mature fields like Daqing have been exploited since the 1960s, but general mature field production has peaked, and companies are increasingly investing in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques, such as polymer and stream flooding and water injection, to offset some of the production declines.
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