Rwandan Support is waning for Congo Rebels

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Source: Analysts: Rwandan Support for Congo


Nick Long | July 01, 2013


GOMA, DRC - United Nations experts say support for the M23 rebels in the Democratic Republic of Congo is waning, but that the group is still getting some help from Rwanda.

The United Nations Security Council appointed a group of experts some years ago to report on rebels in eastern Congo and on their sources of arms, recruits and funding.

The experts' report at the end of last year caused diplomatic uproar as it accused Rwanda's defense chief of giving orders to the M23 rebels and of sending Rwandan army units to support it. Rwanda denied the accusations.

The experts' latest report that was made public at the weekend, although it has not yet been officially released, will be less damaging for Rwanda's image. The report says the M23 is still getting some support, however, from that country.

Analyst Timo Mueller studies conflict in the Great Lakes region for the research organization the Enough Project and has been examining the experts' findings.

"The group of experts documented that the M23 enjoys continued, but has limited support from Rwanda. In particular, [General Sultani] Makenga, the current military commander of M23, has been able to recruit demobilized Rwandan soldiers," said Mueller.

The experts report "no evidence of full Rwandan army units supporting M23" since November, however, when the rebels briefly occupied Goma. They also say there are "no current signs of Ugandan government support for the rebels," whereas last year they reported some Ugandan help for the movement. The Ugandan government denied those allegations.

Division within M23

The experts say that earlier this year Rwandan officials intervened in an internal struggle between two M23 factions, led by Bosco Ntaganda, a former Congolese army general who has since been transferred to the International Criminal Court at the Hague, and former Congolese army colonel Sultani Makenga.

"According to the group of experts Rwandan officials could no longer control Bosco and his extensive network in Rwanda, as well as his actions in DRC, and given that, they decided to sideline Bosco inside the M23 movement and team up with his rival Sultani Makenga and attempt to neutralize Bosco," Mueller said.

Part of the reason for the rivalry between Ntaganda and Makenga, according to the experts, was that Ntaganda wanted the M23 to stay in the city of Goma last year after the rebels had seized it. There was heavy international pressure for them to leave. Makenga was in favor of leaving and appeared more willing to negotiate with the DRC government.

Rwandan officials' backing for Makenga suggests they were a moderating influence on the M23 at that point.


Rebels remain a factor

Makenga won that struggle. But the experts say that has left M23 weakened, as it has lost the support of Ntaganda's network.

M23 attacked the Congolese army in May, but failed to take its objectives, leading the experts to conclude that it is unable to carry out large-scale coordinated military operations.

Mueller thinks it's too early, though, to write the rebels off.

"According to current estimates Makenga has 1,500 men. The movement suffers from defections, yet he's still able to recruit, often forcibly," he said. "According to the group of experts, the M23's main source of revenue is taxation - they make about $180,000 every month, and on that basis I wouldn't necessarily believe that the M23 is finished."

The experts also report that Congolese army units have been collaborating with the Rwandan rebel group FDLR. Some of that group's members took part in the 1994 Rwandan genocide.

They have written to the Rwandan and Congolese governments asking for clarification about the alleged collaboration, and they say they are looking forward to a reply.
 
The experts' latest report that was made public at the weekend, although it has not yet been officially released, will be less damaging for Rwanda's image. The report says the M23 is still getting some support, however, from that country.
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Inaonekana Kagame kabadili mbinu, badala sasa ya kupeleka wanajeshi kama last report ilivyosema, anapitia mgongo wa kuachia askari wawe recruited toka Rwanda!
 
Hebu msome Obama hapa:

Obama calls on neighbors to stop fuelling Congo conflict - baltimoresun.com


Drazen Jorgic and Fumbuka Ng'wanakilala Reuters

2:10 p.m. EDT, July 1, 2013




DAR ES SALAAM (Reuters) - U.S. President Barack Obama on Monday called on states around the Democratic Republic of Congo's eastern region to stop fuelling conflict there and implement a peace deal.

After 11 nations signed the peace agreement, the United Nations started deploying an intervention force, MONUSCO, to neutralize armed groups in the mineral-rich area that has been racked by conflict for years and is desperately underdeveloped.

But a U.N. experts report seen by Reuters last week said military officers from Rwanda and Congo were fuelling violence in the region by supporting rival groups, despite the U.N.-brokered deal signed in February.

Rwanda has repeatedly denied meddling. Earlier accusations that it was backing rebels prompted a halt in some Western aid.

"The countries surrounding the Congo, they've got to make a commitment to stop funding armed groups that are encroaching on territorial integrity and sovereignty of Congo," Obama told a news conference in Tanzania, the last leg of an Africa tour.

"They've signed on a piece of paper, now the question is whether they follow through," he said. "Countries surrounding Congo should recognize that if the Congo stabilizes, that will improve the prospects for their goals and their prosperity."

The U.N. report said the M23 rebels continued to recruit fighters in Rwanda, helped by sympathetic Rwandan officers.

It said elements of Congo's military had cooperated with a Rwandan Hutu rebel group against the M23, a Tutsi-dominated rebellion of former Congolese soldiers that has demanded political concessions from President Joseph Kabila in Kinshasa.

Obama said he had discussed with President Jakaya Kikwete of Tanzania, which has contributed to the U.N. intervention force, "how we can encourage all the parties concerned to follow through on commitments they've made".

"That means, for example, President Kabila inside Congo, he has to do more and better when it comes to dealing with the DRC's capacity on security issues and delivery of services," the U.S. president said at the joint news conference with Kikwete.

"We are prepared to work with the United Nations, regional organizations and others to help him build capacity," he said, adding that ultimately it was in the "self-interest" of regional countries to act to end the conflict.

"We can't force a solution on to the region. The people's of the region have to stand up and say that enough, it's time to move forward in a different way," Obama added.



 
yule Kagame ni snake, M7 yeye anazeeka.
 
Tumalizie na hii:

Raia Mwema - Rwanda haiitaki Tanzania DR Kongo

RWANDA na Uganda hazikutaka Tanzania itume majeshi yake Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Congo (DRC) kwenye jeshi la kulinda amani la Umoja wa Afrika (AU), Raia Mwema limeambiwa.

Vyanzo vya kuaminika vya gazeti hili kutoka Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje na Ushirikiano wa Kimataifa, vimeeleza kwamba nchi hizo zilituma hadi wawakilishi hapa nchini kwa ajili ya kuiomba serikali isipeleke majeshi huko.

"Rwanda na Uganda hazikutaka tupeleke majeshi DRC. Walituma wawakilishi wao hapa kutuomba tusipeleke majeshi kule lakini sisi tukashikilia msimamo wetu kwamba ni lazima twende. AU imetuomba hivyo na tutatuma majeshi kwa maslahi ya bara letu la Afrika.

"Hawakuwa na sababu nzito ya kutuzuia tusiende. Ni wazi kuna mambo ambayo wao wanayafanya kule Congo na hawataki dunia iyafahamu. Sisi, japo hatukuwa huko (DRC) tunayajua kwa vile tuna mkono mrefu wa intelijensia," kilisema chanzo hicho cha habari hizi kwa masharti ya kutotajwa jina kwa sababu ya unyeti wa suala lenyewe.

Raia Mwema linafahamu kwamba serikali imefanya mazungumzo na ubalozi wa Rwanda hapa nchini lengo likiwa kujaribu kuweka msimamo wake kwenye suala la amani nchi za Maziwa Makuu.

"Tumewaambia Rwanda kwamba kusemasema kwao hakusaidii kitu. Ni afadhali tu wangekaa kimya. Sisi tulizungumza kwenye vikao rasmi na wao kama wana hoja wazilete mezani.

"Wanatumia vyombo vya habari. Wanatumia baadhi ya wanaojiita waathirika wa mauaji ya kimbari ya mwaka 1994. Wanaongea na wanajeshi. Wanazungumza huko na huko. Hiyo haitasaidia.

"Ndiyo maana umesikia juzi Waafrika wanaoishi Brusels (mji mkuu wa Ubelgiji) waliandamana kupinga kauli ya Kagame (Rais Paul Kagame wa Rwanda) dhidi ya Rais Jakaya Kikwete. Wananchi wanajua na Jumuiya ya Kimataifa inafahamu kwamba alichosema Kikwete ndilo suluhisho la kudumu la matatizo ya Rwanda," kilisema chanzo cha gazeti hili kutoka Ikulu ya Tanzania.

Juhudi za Raia Mwema kuzungumza na ubalozi wa Rwanda kuhusu suala hili hazikufanikiwa baada ya mwandishi kutakiwa kuacha maswali ambayo hayakujibiwa hadi tunakwenda mitamboni.

Zimekuwapo taarifa mbalimbali katika vyombo vya habari vya nje ya Tanzania kwamba Rwanda na Uganda hazitaki Tanzania ishiriki katika Jeshi hilo la Umoja wa Mataifa la Kulinda Amani DR Congo, linalojumuisha pia majeshi ya Afrika Kusini na Malawi, kwa madai kwamba uwepo wake utachochea zaidi machafuko kuliko kuleta amani.

Kundi la waasi la M23 ambalo ndilo linaloleta shida mashariki mwa DRC katika mji wa Goma, tayari limetoa taarifa ya kutaka majeshi hayo ya kulinda amani yasiende huko. Kuna taarifa kwamba waasi wa M23 wanaungwa mkono na serikali ya Rwanda.

Mwezi uliopita, baadhi ya asasi za kiraia (NGO's) zinazofanya kazi mashariki mwa DRC ziliandika barua Umoja wa Mataifa (UN) zikiomba majeshi hayo ya kulinda amani yasiende kwa vile "yataharibu zaidi hali badala ya kurekebisha."

Taarifa hizi zinaibuka katika wakati ambapo serikali na vyombo vya habari vya Rwanda vimekuwa vikiendesha propaganda ya kuilamu Tanzania na Rais Jakaya Kikwete kwa kushauri nchi hiyo izungumze na waasi wa kundi la Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR).

Wiki iliyopita Rais Kagame alisema Rwanda haiko tayari kuzungumza na waasi hao wa FDLR na kwamba wote wanaoshauri mazungumzo na kundi hilo hawafahamu historia ya Rwanda.

Suala hilo la Tanzania kupeleka vikosi DRC ndilo ambalo linadaiwa kwa kiasi kikubwa kwenye vita hii ya maneno baina ya nchi hizi mbili kwenye suala la kuzungumza na waasi.

Rais Kikwete anadaiwa kutoa ushauri wa kutaka Rwanda, Uganda na DRC zizungumze na waasi katika nchi zao kwenye Mkutano wa Viongozi wa Bara la Afrika uliofanyika Addis Ababa, Ethiopia mwezi uliopita.

Raia Mwema limeambiwa na mmoja wa wana diplomasia waandamizi wa Tanzania katika Umoja wa Afrika (AU) kwamba wakati Kikwete alipotoa hoja hiyo ya kuzungumza na waasi, hakuna kiongozi yeyote wa nchi hizo aliyemkatalia.

"Sisi katika diplomasia tunashangaa sana. Tunadhani kuna kitu ambacho wenzetu (Rwanda) hawataki kukisema hadharani. Kama ushauri wa Kikwete ulikuwa mbaya, kwanini hawakusema kitu pale mkutanoni?

"Na Rais (Kikwete) hakuzungumza kwa siri au kwa lengo la kuwasengenya kwa watu. Alizungumza mbele ya macho yao na katika kikao halali kabisa. Hakuzungumza maneno hayo na wafanyakazi wa Tanzania au wanajeshi wetu.

"Kama kungekuwa na nia njema, Rwanda wangetoa maoni yao palepale mkutanoni. Lakini kukaa kimya katika sehemu ambayo watu wanatakiwa kuzungumza ya moyoni kwao na kutoa majibu wakiwa ‘jikoni kwao' ni ishara mbaya,"" alisema mwanadiplomasia huyo.

Baadhi ya wanadiplomasia wa Tanzania wanaamini kwamba nchi yao itaibuka mshindi katika vita hii ya maneno kwa sababu historia inaonyesha imetumika katika utatuzi wa migogoro mingi.

"Tanzania ikizungumza inasikilizwa katika jumuiya ya kimataifa. Tumesuluhisha mgogoro wa Burundi na kwingineko. Tukizungumza tunafanya hivyo from the point of experience (kutokana na uzoefu). Wenzetu hawajawahi kusuluhisha mgogoro wowote na hivyo hivyo hawana uzoefu wa mambo haya," kilisema chanzo hicho.

Vuta Nikuvute ya Tanzania na Rwanda

Mambo matatu yaliyotokea katika katika kipindi cha miezi minane iliyopita, yamebadilisha taswira ya mahusiano ya Tanzania na Rwanda.
Mosi, ni hatua ya Tanzania kukubali kupeleka majeshi ya kulinda amani DRC katika maeneo ambayo baadhi ya ripoti za UN yamewahi kuituhumu Rwanda kwamba inahusika kuhujumu maliasili za taifa hilo tajiri.

Duru za kijeshi na intelijensia zimeliambia gazeti hili kwamba kabla ya Tanzania kukubali kupeleka majeshi DRC ilifanya utafiti wa hali halisi kwenye maeneo yenye matatizo na kuzungumza na baadhi ya wahusika wakuu wa vikundi vya waasi; baadhi yao wakiwa wasiopatana na serikali ya Rwanda.

Mmoja wa waliopewa mwaliko wa kuzungumza na majeshi ya Tanzania katika suala hilo ni Jenerali Stanislas Nzeyimana ambaye pia hutumia jina la Bigaruka Izabayo, mmoja wa makamanda wa juu wa jeshi la FDLR ambaye serikali ya Rwanda ilimkamata mara tu baada ya kutoka Tanzania.

"Rwanda haikufurahi kwamba Tanzania ilizungumza na mtu inayemtafuta kwa udi na uvumba. Lakini JWTZ (Jeshi la Ulinzi la Wananchi wa Tanzania) isingeweza kupeleka jeshi DRC pasipo kuwa na taarifa on the ground (kwenye eneo la tukio). Sisi tunakwenda pale kama neutral force (jeshi lisilo na upande) na hatuwezi kuchaguliwa mtu wa kuzungumza naye," kilisema chanzo cha gazeti hili kutoka JWTZ.

Pili, kuna maoni kwamba Rais Kikwete ameanza kupata umaarufu kimataifa kumzidi Kagame ambaye miaka michache iliyopita alikuwa akitajwa kama mfano bora wa kuigwa miongoni mwa kizazi kipya cha viongozi wa bara la Afrika.
Kuna taarifa pia kuwa huku misaada ya mataifa tajiri kama Marekani ikiongezeka, ziara za viongozi wa mataifa makubwa duniani nazo zimekuwa zikiongezeka nchini Tanzania kwenye miaka ya karibuni na wakati huohuo mambo ya aina hiyo yakiwa hayaelekezwi sana Rwanda.

Tatu, kuna madai kwamba Rwanda haikufurahishwa na hatua ya UN na AU kumbadili aliyekuwa Mkuu wa Vikosi vya Kulinda Amani vya UN na AU Darfur, Jenerali Patrick Nyamvumba, na nafasi yake kupewa Mtanzania, Luteni Jenerali Paul Ignace Mella.

Tanzania na Rwanda DRC

Tayari kundi la M23 limetoa vitisho kwamba JWTZ lijiandae kwa maafa kutokana na kupeleka majeshi yake nchini DRC kwenye eneo ambalo wao ndiyo waasi wenye nguvu.

Hata hivyo, JWTZ kupitia msemaji wake, Kanali Kapambala Mgawe, limewataka waasi hao kuacha vitisho maana haviwatishi askari wa Kitanzania.
Katika siku za karibuni, waasi hao wametoa taarifa za vitendo visivyo vya kiungwana vinavyofanywa na askari wa kulinda amani na vimehusishwa na vikosi vya kulinda amani.

Akizungumza na Raia Mwema, Mgawe alisema wanajeshi wa Tanzania hawawezi kushiriki katika vitendo vyovyote visivyo vya kibinadamu kwa vile wamefunzwa vema na wakaiva kwenye mafunzo hayo.

"Tumekwenda DRC na flying colours (sifa nzuri) kutoka kwenye mataifa mengine. Tumekwenda Liberia kulinda amani. Tumekwenda Lebanon. Tuko Darfur na kote huko utakachosikia ni sifa nzuri tu. Taarifa hizo za ubakaji ni propaganda tu.

"Ila ninachojua ni kwamba kwenye kulinda amani askari wetu hawana mchezo. Wanakuambia weka silaha chini na ukikataa unapata kibano. Ndiyo maana unaona sisi tumekwenda DRC tu na mara M23 wamekubali mazungumzo ya upatanishi kule Kampala, Uganda. Amani ikipatikana kila mtu ataishi kwa amani," alisema.
 
zumbemkuu said:
yule Kagame ni snake, M7 yeye anazeeka.
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Haijui vema CV ya TZ. Huenda anafikiri ni mambo ya Civil Wars au Rebel Groups. Muhimu ni yeye kujua what we stands for.

Mandela na ANC waloposhindwa kuwatoa makaburu kwa Mtutu wa Bunduki walikaa mezani.

Na wala TZ haikumwaga damu kupata uhuru wake.

Ni vema tu wajue tuna CV nzuri ya kuleta amani. lakini wajue pia tuna CV nzuri ya Vita. Wanaweza tu kuulizia:

Mozambique; Zimbabwe; Namibia; South Africa; Uganda; Comoro; Ushelisheli; Darfur; Liberia nk nk. Mwenye macho aambiwi tazama. wakati wao wanapiga kelele; askari wetu wako busy kuonyesha vitendo!
 
hivi hao waasi wa M23 ndo wamepiga biti JWTZ kweli? hahahahahaha.
nadhani Kagame akisikia minyukano ya kisiasa na kidini hapa tanzania anahisi sisi sio wamoja, namchukia JK lakini kwa issue ya maadui wa nje JK ni ndugu yangu wa damu.
 
zumbemkuu said:
hivi hao waasi wa M23 ndo wamepiga biti JWTZ kweli? hahahahahaha.
nadhani Kagame akisikia minyukano ya kisiasa na kidini hapa tanzania anahisi sisi sio wamoja, namchukia JK lakini kwa issue ya maadui wa nje JK ni ndugu yangu wa damu.
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Mkuu hawana tishio lolote. Give our boys 6-12 months halafu tutaona simulizi zake. Umewasoma hapo juu?:

 
Huyu Kagame na Museveni ni watu hatari sana kwenye ukanda wetu, nampa pongezi Rais wetu JK kwa kupambana na hawa jamaa.
 
Ritz said:
Huyu Kagame na Museveni ni watu hatari sana kwenye ukanda wetu, nampa pongezi Rais wetu JK kwa kupambana na hawa jamaa.
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Ritz tutakuwa na busara sana tukiachana na uchokonozi kama huu na kutumia muda wetu kujua ni namna gani tujikwamue na umaskini wetu. Dunia itatushangaa sana kuona tunagmbana na nchi ambazo tumezizidi uchumi na rasilimali.
 
Hili lipo wazi kabisa na kila mtu analifahamu hilo kuwa Rwanda na Uganda ndiyo wachochezi wakuu wa machafuko ya ukanda wa maziwa makuu.
 
Haina ubishi hawa marais wawili wasiotaka kuachia madaraka kwa wengine ndio chanzo cha machafuko eneo lote la maziwa makuu,watusi wanapenda sana madaraka,huyu m7 toka 1986 unawatawala watu kama wamekufa? Upuuzi kabisa
 
Jamaa wa Rwanda wapo kwenye strategic move ya kuhakikisha uganda, kenya na burundi wanawasupport kwa hili ili kutoa signal kwa Tanzania kwamba wana backup power fulani.
 
MWANA WA UFALME said:
Jamaa wa Rwanda wapo kwenye strategic move ya kuhakikisha uganda, kenya na burundi wanawasupport kwa hili ili kutoa signal kwa Tanzania kwamba wana backup power fulani.
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Tuna backup power ya dunia nzima...wewe wa wapi tanzania haitegemee nchi kama hizo sisi ndio baba yao hizo nchi za uganda,kenya,rwanda.mda utasema
 
MWANA WA UFALME said:
Jamaa wa Rwanda wapo kwenye strategic move ya kuhakikisha uganda, kenya na burundi wanawasupport kwa hili ili kutoa signal kwa Tanzania kwamba wana backup power fulani.
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Mkuu japo mimi si mshabiki wa siasa au vita, na japo siku zote nilikuwa namwona Kagame kama Role Model wa viongozi wa Africa kwa hili amepotoka sana. Na natamani apate hekima ya kujishusha alielewe. Why?


  • Mandela alifungwa miaka 27 na makaburu waliowatesa na kuwaua. he is the same guy alipoachiwa aliwaunganisha wa SA na wote wakawa kitu kimoja. japo weusi hawakumwelewa lakini leo hii uhasama umekwisha. hakuna kitu chema kama suluhu ya amani badala ya vita. Jiulize tu ANC walipigana vita vya msituni miaka mingapi? Why not in Rwanda? Watusi ambao ndio wanatawala sasa ni wachache sana kuliko wahutu ambao Kagame hawataki. For sure mabavu its only a temporary solution katika maisha ya wanadamu, kwani amani ya kudumu haitakuwepo.


  • katika suala la support Tanzania wamekuwa makini. JK alipjaribu kuleta suluhu kupitia great lakes na EA both Kagame na M7 walijifanya smart kumwambia hakuna haja. In fact wakaunda kamati ambayo Rwanda na Uganda ndiyo wafanye mazungumzo na DRC kuleta amani. Vipi uwe Kocha na wakati huo huo mchezaji? Kesi ya Mbuzi unaipeleka kwa Simba? JK alipoona "hawaelewi" akaenda SADC ambako TZ ina heshima kubwa na kwa sasa ni Mwenyekiti wa Ulinzi na Usalama. Both countries wakakubali SADC wapeleke Jeshi la Amani linaloundwa na SA, Malawi (Haaaa haaa) na TZ. TZ na SA wana majeshi makini zaidi katika africa mbali na Misri.


  • Kidiplomasia tayari TZ ina support ya UN ambayo basically unaongelea Baraza la Usalama linaloundwa na Nchi zenye kura ya Veto ikiwepo US, na China nk.


  • CV ya TZ kivita inaeleweka japo Uhuru wetu tuliupata kwa amani na mezani. Ila kwa kukumbushana tu vita vingi tumepigana nje ya nchi. CV: Msumbiji; Zimbabwe; Namibia, Angola, SA, Ushelisheli, Comoro, Uganda na majeshi ya UN kulinda amani.


  • Tanzania ina Military capacity kubwa kuliko Nchi nyingi za kiafrica hata kama budget yetu si kubwa sana. Miaka ya hivi karibuni Jeshi letu limekuwa la kisasa zaidi na mafunzo ambayo ni Modern. Uganda ni watoto wadogo sana na M7 anajua. Kinachomweka M7 na vurugu zake ni woga wa kutoka madarakani sababu ya madhambi yake kama Mugabe tu.


  • Kagame anaogopa Wahutu wakirudi watalipa kisasi. kama hataki hilo solution si vita DRC bali kukaa nao mezani. Rwanda ni yao si DRC na kwa vyovyote nyumbani ni nyumbani watapigani hadi amani ipatikane au warejee. Study case: Wapalestina na Israeli


  • Vita si lele mama, tunawaomba hawa wababe wa kivita waache ubabe wao.


  • Wakati kagame na M7 wanataka waitose bandari ya DSM na kwenda Mombasa, TZ inaplan kujenga reli kwenda DRC na ni lazima DRC iwe na amani ili Nchi marafiki wafanye biashar kwa amani.


  • Ujumbe wa UN very clear kwa Rwanda including reports zake. Un kwa asilimia kubwa inakuwa supported na Western Countries kivita. Ujumbe wa Obama "Ulieleweka kwao". kagame ajue Civil War ni tofauti na vita vya baina ya Nchi na Nchi ambayo hana uzoefu navyo. Hatakuwa anapigana na waasi bali nchi yenye military resources za kutosha.


  • Asiyejua kufa na atazame kaburi. Tunataka amani.
 
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