Muongozo wa kununua memory za computer

Muongozo wa kununua memory za computer

Chief-Mkwawa

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Zamani ukitaka kununua memory za computer kama hard drive(hdd) na ram tulikuwa tunaangalia tu ukubwa jinsi inavyokua na gb nyingi ndio jinsi unavyoinunua na kuipenda, ila siku hizi mambo yamebadilika wingi wa gb sio kigezo pekee kinachofanya ununue hivi vifaa kuna mambo mengine ambayo huathiri perfomance ya computer yako.

HDD VS SSD

Miaka iliopita computer zetu zilikuwa zinatumia hard disk(hdd) lakini miaka ya karibuni kuna njia mpya ya kuhifadhi vitu kwenye computer kwa kutumia solid state drive (ssd). tofauti ya kiumbo kati ya drive hizi mbili ni kwamba moja inakuwa na kama disk na nyengine inakuwa na flash memory kama picha hapo chini inavyoonesha.

SSD-vs-HDD.jpg


HDD
Hapa tutaiangalia kiundani kidogo hii HDD, zipo za aina nyingi lakini nitaongeleza ambazo ni common ili kufanya uzi uwe mfupi. Kuna aina mbili za HDD zinazotumika sana kwenye computer zetu ambazo ni 5400rpm na 7200rpm.

-5400rpm
Hii ndio HDD inayojulikana sana na karibia computer zetu zote hapa tanzania zinatumia hdd ya 5400rpm, yenyewe ndio ipo slow kushinda zote na inauzwa bei rahisi sana, hivyo usishangae kukuta hdd ya 1tb inauzwa chini ya laki 1, ujue hio ni 5400rpm

-7200rpm
hdd hizi zina speed kushinda kushinda za 5400rpm lakini pia bei yake inakuwa ghali japo sio sana, kimuonekano hazina tofauti na mwenzake na ni nadra kuzikuta huku kwetu sababu watu wanachojali ni wingi wa gb na sio quality anayopata.

SSD

Zamani watu walikuwa wakitumia simu zao kuingia internet sababu computer zao huchukua muda mrefu kuwaka, lakini toka kuja kwa ssd mambo yamebadilika, computer inayotumia ssd ina uwezo wa kuwaka kwa sekunde 6 tu. ssd ina speed kubwa sana kushinda hdd za 5400rpm na 7200 rpm. lakini kutokana na speed unayopata basi na hela pia itabidi utoe kubwa. ssd ya gb 128 inauzwa bei ghali kuliko hdd ya 1tb (gb-1024). hivyo usishangae ukiona laptop za bei ghali kama macbook pro/air zina gb 128 tu zile zinatumia ssd na sio hdd.

Ukubwa wa umbo wa hizi drives

Nimeona pia niongelee hili japo si muhimu sana ila unatakiwa ujue. kuna hdd/ssd za inch 3.5 na 2.5, hizi za inch 3.5 zinatumika kwenye computer kubwa kama desktop wakati za inch 2.5 hutumika kwenye computer ndogo kama mini desktop au laptop. hivyo unaponunua hili jambo uliweke akilini usije kununua hdd kubwa kwenye kifaa chako kidogo. picha hapo chini inaonesha tofauti ya ukubwa kati ya 2.5 na 3.5 inch hdd
Enterprise-HDD-SAS,1-Y-245014-13.jpg


Je ni wakati gani unatakiwa ununue hdd au ssd?(muhimu)
tumeona kuna hdd slow na zenye speed na pia tumeona ssd zenye speed kushinda hdd je ni wakati gani unatakiwa ununue drive ipi?

-nunua ssd kama unataka computer iwake upesi, una software ambazo ni kubwa kama vile za kuedit picha, animation na video, unafanya sana multitasking kwenye computer au kucheza games

-Nunua 5400rpm hdd kama wewe matumizi yako ni ya kawaida kama vile kuangalia video, kusikiliza audio, kuperuzi na mambo ya kiofisi mepesi. pia hdd hizi ni nzuri kuhifadhia mambo usiyoyatumia mfano kuhifadhi picha za familia za toka mpo watoto

-Nunua 7200rpm hdd kama unataka faida za wote wawili ssd na 5400rpm hdd lakini kwa bei ambayo ni nzuri.

TAHADHARI KUHUSU SSD
SSD zina speed kushinda hdd lakini pia zinachukua muda mfupi kufa, sio kwamba zitakufa miezi miwili baada ya kununua lakini ni ngumu kwa ssd kufikisha miaka 3 au 5. ni vizuri ukiwa na computer uwe na drive zote mbili. local disk c ambayo os itakaa iwe ni ssd na software zako zitakaa kwenye ssd ila mafile muhimu kama documents na picha yote yatakaa kwenye hdd hivi ndio pro wanavyofanya.

Pia kuna drive ambazo ni hybrid wanaeka ssd na hdd pamoja hizi pia ni nzuri japo ssd yako unakuwa huna total control inatumika kama cache.

RAM
Baada ya kuona hdd na ssd, kifaa chengine kinachohifadhi vitu ni RAM. Tofauti ya ram na hdd ni kwamba hdd vitu vinahifadhiwa moja kwa moja wakati kwenye ram vitu huhifadhiwa kwa muda tu. RAM inakuwa ni memory yenye speed sana kushinda ssd na hdd na pia bei zake ni kubwa zaidi. Bei ya ram 6gb ni kubwa kushinda hdd ya 1tb.

Aina za RAM
Kuna aina nyingi za RAM kuanzia sdram, ddr, ddr2, ddr3 na ddr4 ila maarufu zaidi sasa hivi ni ddr3. Tofauti ya hizi ram ni speed kuanzia ddr1 kuja ddr4 inatoka speed ndogo kuja speed kubwa. tofauti na vitu vyengine vya computer ram ikiwa ya kisasa inakuwa bei rahisi zaidi kuliko ram ya zamani. kujua unahitaji aina gani ya ram inategemea na motherboard yako, unatakiwa ugoogle aina ya computer yako kwenye specification utajua aina gani unahitaji.

Speed ya RAM
RAM ina speed kama vile ilivyo processor, ila karibia ram zote zina speed ambayo mtu wa kawaida hawezi itumia hivyo hakuna haja ya kujali hiki kitu ila kwa wale wanaopenda kujifunza zaidi kuna mahesabu kidogo unatakiwa ufanye kujua speed ya ram.

Kwanza unahitaji kujua vitu hivi viwili
-Speed
-Latency

Chukulia huu mfano gari linakimbia km-100 kwa saa hii ndio speed, lakini hilo gari likianza kutembea haliwezi hapo hapo kuanza na speed hio kuna muda wa kuliwasha na kuanza kushika speed hadi ifikie hio km 100 kwa saa. Ule muda iliopoteza hadi kufika hio speed tunaita latency.

Hivyo vitu hivi viwili vitadetermine kiasi gani ram yetu ipo fast.

Nimesearch amazon hapa ram ya 8gb na result ya kwanza imekuja hivi.


Kingston HyperX FURY 8GB 1600MHz DDR3 CL10 DIMM - Blue (HX316C10F/8)

Kwenye hio ram 1600MHz ndio speed yetu na CL10 ndio latency (cl= cycle latency)

Mtu akisema 1600 megaheartz anamaanisha data bilioni 1.6 zinazungushwa kwa sekunde, mtu akisema cycle latency 10 anamaanisha kuna msubirio 10 kwenye kila mzunguko ili kupata actual speed kwa sekunde itabidi tugawanye = cl/mhz

10/1600= 0.00625

Hivyo ram yetu hii inafanya mzunguko mmoja kwa kutumia sekunde 0.00625, ndio maana nikasema kuwa speed ya ram haina maana kwasababu tofauti inakuwa ndogo sana, unaweza kuta ram yenye speed kubwa na yenye speed ndogo tofauti ni sekunde 0.001 kitu ambacho kwa mtu wa kawaida hakina maana.

Ila kwa wale jamaa wanaochimba migodi ya bitcoin na kutumia masoftware makubwa hii inawahusu.

Je wakati gani wa ku upgrade ram?(muhimu)
Tumeongea blah blah nyingi hapo juu sasa tuje mahali muhimu, je ni wakati gani unatakiwa uongeze ukubwa wa ram? Njia rahisi ni kwa kutumia task manager. bonyeza ctrl+alt+delete then click perfomance utaona kitu kama hiki

resource1-5225113.png


-Kama sehemu ya ram imejaa na cpu bado inadai na wala haijai basi ujue unatakiwa ufanye upgrade ya ram
-Kama cpu inajaa na ram haijai basi ujue unatakiwa ku upgrade cpu/kununua computer mpya
-Kama vyote cpu na ram havijai ila computer ipo slow basi ujue hdd yako ipo slow tafuta 7200rpm au ssd

Pia ukumbuke kufanya test hii ukiwa katika matumizi yako makubwa. mfano kama matumizi yako makubwa ni kudownload huku unaangalia movie basi wakati unadownload open na video halafu minimize ndio ufungue task manager.

Kama kutakua na sehemu hujaelewa utauliza
 
Good read but I beg to differ kwenye 3 to 5yrs lifespan, for normal day to say use, an SSD can last 10+yrs to 30+yrs(TLC and MLC respectively), SLC can go for hundreds of years, ni more of a corporate SSD class.

Unless you are doing a lot of writing and erasing on the SSD you can expect an SSD to outlast you laptop/computer before you have to replace the SSD
 
View attachment 212901
Chief-Mkwawa kwanza shukrani kwa somo lako!!
-Kwanza naomba unifanyie analysis ya hii HDD na RAM yangu!! je iko sawa au natakiwa ongeza kitu?
-Je nikitaka kujua kama HDD yangu ni 5400rpm ay 7200rpm nitajuaje???
-na je nikitaka kujua circle letacy ya RAM yangu nitaijuaje (as kwenye task manager sijaviona)
-na hizi solid state (SSD) zinapatikana bongo?
-Na je, kama nna matumizi makubwa hasa ya storage hizi SSD zitanifaa(maana umesema maximum capacity ni 128gb)
-kuna uhusiano gani kati ya kuformat HDD na lifespan ya HDD?
Thanks in advance mkuu!!
 
Last edited by a moderator:
View attachment 212901
Chief-Mkwawa kwanza shukrani kwa somo lako!!
-Kwanza naomba unifanyie analysis ya hii HDD na RAM yangu!! je iko sawa au natakiwa ongeza kitu?
-Je nikitaka kujua kama HDD yangu ni 5400rpm ay 7200rpm nitajuaje???
-na je nikitaka kujua circle letacy ya RAM yangu nitaijuaje (as kwenye task manager sijaviona)
-na hizi solid state (SSD) zinapatikana bongo?
-Na je, kama nna matumizi makubwa hasa ya storage hizi SSD zitanifaa(maana umesema maximum capacity ni 128gb)
-kuna uhusiano gani kati ya kuformat HDD na lifespan ya HDD?
Thanks in advance mkuu!!

hapo ndio max matumizi yako? hapo ilipo haina shida lakini cpu bado ipo 30% wakati ram ipo 74% ina maana matumizi yakiongezeka ram itajaa, pia inabidi uangalie na software zako inawezekana pia kukawa na software moja inakula ram sana bila wewe kujua.

na ssd mwisho sio 128gb zipo hadi za 1tb na kuendelea ila ndio bei ghali sana, sifahamu kama zipo dar ila naamini zitakuwepo kama macbook air/pro zipo mitaani kutakuwa na maduka wanauza vifaa vyake.

kuhusu hdd ni ngumu sana kuiharibu kwa kuformat/kuwrite, ila ni rahisi kuiharibu kama utaigonga gonga au kuiangusha.

kuhusu ram isikupe shida zote zipo fast tu ile nilitoa kama elimu kujua ram inakuaje, kujua specs zaidi za computer yako itabidi udownload cpu-z yenyewe itakuonesha specs za ram

softwares-cpuz-04.jpg
 
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Good read but I beg to differ kwenye 3 to 5yrs lifespan, for normal day to say use, an SSD can last 10+yrs to 30+yrs(TLC and MLC respectively), SLC can go for hundreds of years, ni more of a corporate SSD class.
Unless you are doing a lot of writing and erasing on the SSD you can expect an SSD to outlast you laptop/computer before you have to replace the SSD

kaka mimi bado kumiliki kifaa cha ssd hivyo naweza kuwa na mawazo ambayo siyo sahihi ila nimeona watu wengi wakisema zinafail kwa reason uliotaja ya kuwrite mara kwa mara, ila pia upande mwengine ni durable sababu haina moving parts hivyo unapoidondosha au kumove toka eneo moja hadi jengine haiathiriki sana.
 
kaka mimi bado kumiliki kifaa cha ssd hivyo naweza kuwa na mawazo ambayo siyo sahihi ila nimeona watu wengi wakisema zinafail kwa reason uliotaja ya kuwrite mara kwa mara, ila pia upande mwengine ni durable sababu haina moving parts hivyo unapoidondosha au kumove toka eneo moja hadi jengine haiathiriki sana.

Most fails za SSD huwa ni sababu ya firmware errors, na idea kuwa zinakufa after 3-5yrs ni sababu warranty za SSD usually ni 3-5yrs.

Sure zina-fail baada ya some P/E cycles(Program-Erase cycle) or write-ease cycles. depending if SLC, MLC, TLC zote zina different maximum P/E cycles. Reading from the drive haiharibu SSD. I wish I could write more but it's a lot. Here are some useful links abous SSDs.

Link 1: AnandTech | Intel X25-M SSD: Intel Delivers One of the World's Fastest Drives
Link 2: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NOoDKtz1lDo
Link 3: AnandTech | Samsung SSD 840: Testing the Endurance of TLC NAND
Link 4: TLC MLC and SLC Devices

and maybe a good piece of intel statement from 2008

OEMs wanted assurances that a user could write 20GB of data per day to these drives and still have them last, guaranteed, for five years. Intel had no problems with that.
Intel went one step further and delivered 5x what the OEMs requested. Thus Intel will guarantee that you can write 100GB of data to one of its MLC SSDs every day, for the next five years, and your data will remain intact. The drives only ship with a 3 year warranty but I suspect that there'd be some recourse if you could prove that Intel's 100GB/day promise was false.

So unless you run a write/erase server or perform tasks that do a lot of writing kama video editing etc. sio rahisi for an SSD to die in 5yrs due to wear and tear.
 
Tanx man.
It is a very good knowledge to me. I knowledge it and say big up sir!
 
9c lesson from chief mkwawa dac y i appreciate u bro.
 
Me pc yangu inawaka very faster niki click tyuu power botton inawaka faster nikiingiza passoword ina display faster tyuu yaan ndani ya sekunde 10 shaanza kufungua mafaili ya kwenye pc yangu. I think hdd yang itakua 7200rm
 
Me pc yangu inawaka very faster niki click tyuu power botton inawaka faster nikiingiza passoword ina display faster tyuu yaan ndani ya sekunde 10 shaanza kufungua mafaili ya kwenye pc yangu. I think hdd yang itakua 7200rm
Thanx kwa maelezo bro, ila u faster wa computer ni independent factor na hdd, ram is everything along with cpu, increase ram means boost up ur speed
 

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