Katika Game Theory, game yoyote ambayo players wana-dominant strategies, outcome siku zote itakuwa non cooperation, kwa mfano ni game ya Prisoners Dillema (PD) au Tragedy of the Commons. Hii conclusion inahusisha politcal games pia ambazo zinakuwa driven na self interest za players. Hivyo usitahajabu kabisa kuona hakuna cooperation but rather competition, na chamsingi zaidi ni players kuwa na best strategies angaist their opponents inorder to maximize their payoffs. Ni vizuri kujua pia kwamba hizi competition siyo lazima ziwe effective bali zinahusisha "non credible threats" ambazo players wakiwa smart zinaweza zisisaidie sana, na matokeo yake cooperation ikawa ni njia bora yakupata matokeo mazuri.