Hotuba ya genious Obama compared to Hotuba ya Dr. Uhuru day

damcon

JF-Expert Member
Feb 17, 2011
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Na Fadhy Mtanga
Jumanne, Disemba 10, 2013
Kwa Graça Machel na familia ya Mandela; kwa Rais Zuma na wajumbe wengine wa serikali; kwa wakuu wa nchi na serikali, waliopita na waliopo sasa, wageni wengine waalikwa – ni heshima ya kipekee mno kuwa nanyi leo, kusherehekea maisha yasiyo na kifani. Kwa watu wa Afrika Kusini – watu wa kila rangi na kila mfumo wa maisha – dunia inawashukuruni sana kwa kutushirikisha Nelson Mandela. Mapambano yake yalikuwa mapambano yenu. Shangwe yake ikawa shangwe yenu. Utu wenu na matumaini vilielezwa kupitia maisha yake, na uhuru wenu, na demokrasia yenu ni urithi wake uliotunzwa vema.
Ni vigumu kumsifu sana mtu yeyote – kuweza kudaka maneno na siyo matendo na nyakati zilizoyafanya maisha yake, lakini kupata ukweli muhimu umhusuo – furaha yake binafsi na huzuni; nyakati tulivu na ubora wa kipekee ulioiangaza nafsi ya mtu. Ni ngumu mno kwa gwiji katika historia, aliyelipeleka taifa katika haki, na katika mchakato uliowahuisha mabilioni ya watu ulimwenguni.
Aliyezaliwa wakati wa vita ya kwanza ya dunia, mbali kabisa kutoka mataifa yaliyokuwa na nguvu, mvulana mdogo aliyekuwa akichunga ng'ombe na kufundishwa na wazee wake wa kabila lake la Thembu – Madiba aliweza kuibuka kama mkombozi wa mwisho wa karne ya 20. Kama ilivyokuwa Ghandhi, aliongoza mapambano – harakati ambazo mwanzo wake ulionesha nuru ndogo ya mafanikio. Kama King, alipaza sauti yake ya manung'uniko ya wanaokandamizwa, na uadilifu muhimu wa haki kwa kila rangi. Alipambana na kifungo cha kikatili kilichoanza wakati wa Kennedy na Khrushchev, kilichokwenda hadi nyakati za mwisho za Vita Baridi. Aliibuka kutoka jela, pasipo kutumia nguvu ya bunduki, akaweza – kama Lincoln – kuileta nchi yake pamoja ilipokuwa katika hatari ya kuvunjika vipandevipande. Kama waasisi wa Amerika, aliweka misingi ya kikatiba ya kuhifadhi uhuru kwa ajili ya vizazi vijavyo – kujitolea kwa ajili ya demokrasia na utawala wa sheria ulioridhiwa si tu na uchaguzi uliomweka madarakani bali na hiyari yake ya kuachia madaraka.(P.T)

Kwa kuondoka kwake, na kwa mapenzi aliyoyapata akiyastahili, inashawishi kumkumbuka kama alama, yenye tabasamu na iliyotakata, iliyojiepusha na maovu ya wengine wasio na utu. Lakini Madiba mwenyewe alikataa kwa nguvu zote taswira isiyo na maana. Badala yake, alisisitiza katika kushiriki nasi mashaka yake na hofu yake; makosa yake sambamba na kushinda kwake. "Mimi si mtakatifu," alisema, "isipokuwa kama mnanidhania mtakatifu mwenye dhambi asiyeacha kujaribu."
Ni kwa sababu tu alikubali kuwa na mapungufu – kwa kuwa alijaa ucheshi, hata kukosea, licha ya mizigo mizito aliyokuwa ameibeba – nasi tukampenda vivyo hivyo. Hakuwa mtu aliyetengenezwa kwa marumaru; alikuwa binadamu wa kawaida – mtoto na mume, baba na rafiki. Hayo yote yanaonesha ni kwa nini tumejifunza mengi sana kutoka kwake; na ndiyo sababu bado tuna mengi ya kujifunza kutoka kwake. Kila alichokipata hakikuepukika. Katika utao wa maisha yake, tunamwona mtu aliyeiweka nafasi yake kwenye historia kwa kupitia mapambano na werevu; msimamo na imani. Ametuambia nini kinachowezekana si tu kwa kupitia kurasa zenye vumbi za vitabu vya historia, bali pia kwa kupitia maisha yetu wenyewe.
Mandela ametuonesha nguvu ya matendo, kukabiliana na hatari kwa ajili ya ukamilifu wetu. Pengine, Madiba alikuwa sahihi kusema amerithi, "ukaidi wa kujivunia, utukutu katika haki" kutoka kwa baba yake. Kwa yakini ameshiriki na mamilioni ya Waafrika Kusini weusi na wengine wa rangi mchanganyiko hasira ya kuzaliwa katika "maelfu ya twezo, maelfu ya vitendo vilivyokosa utu, maelfu ya nyakati zisizokumbukika.....matamanio ya kupambana na mfumo uliowafunga watu wangu".
Lakini kama manguli wengine wa ANC – akina Sisulu na akina Tambo – Madiba alikuwa na nidhamu ya hasira yake; akayapeleka matamanio yake ya mapambano kitaasisi, na katika ulingo, na kwa mikakati mahsusi, kwamba waume na wake wangeweza kusimama kwa ajili ya utu wao. Vilevile, akayakubali madhara ya matendo yake, akifahamu kuwa kusimamia haki na usawa kuna gharama zake. "Nimepambana dhidi ya ukandamizaji wa watu weupe na nimepambana dhidi ya ukandamizaji wa watu weusi," aliyasema hayo katika kesi yake ya mwaka 1964. "Nimeutukuza ukamilifu wa demokrasia na jamii huru ambapo watu wote huishi kwa pamoja katika maelewano na fursa sawa. Ni imani ninayoishi nayo nikitumaini kuipata. Lakini ikihitajika, ni imani niliyojiandaa kuifia."
Mandela ametufundisha nguvu ya matendo, lakini pia mawazo; umuhimu wa kuwa na sababu na hoja; umuhimu wa kuwasoma siyo tu wale unaokubaliana nao, bali pia wale usiokubaliana nao. Alifahamu mawazo hayawezi kuhifadhiwa ndani ya kuta za jela, ama kuondoshwa kwa risasi ya mdunguaji. Akaigeuza kesi yake kuwa mashitaka rasmi dhidi ya ubaguzi wa rangi kwa kupitia uzungumzaji wake na hisia kali, pia kwa kupitia mafunzo yake kama wakili. Akaitumia miongo ndani ya jela kunoa uwezo wake wa kujenga hoja, lakini pia kueneza kiu yake ya maarifa kwa wengine katika harakati za mapambano. Akajifunza lugha na tamaduni za wakandamizaji wake ili siku moja aweze kuwaonesha ni kwa kiasi gani uhuru wao ulitegemea pia uhuru wake.
Mandela alionesha kuwa matendo na mawazo pekee havitoshelezi; haijalishi ni sahihi kwa kiasi gani, vinatakiwa kuwa kisheria na kitaasisi. Alikuwa mtu wa vitendo, akazijaribu imani zake dhidi ya mazingira magumu na historia iliyokuwepo. Katika kanuni ya msingi hakukubali kushindwa, hicho kilipelekea akatae kuachiwa huru kwa masharti, akiukumbusha utawala wa kibaguzi kuwa, "kamwe mfungwa haingii katika mikataba". Lakini alionesha katika majadiliano magumu nia ya kupeana madaraka na kuandika sheria mpya, hakuogopa kufikia maridhiano kwa malengo makubwa. Na kwa kuwa hakuwa pekee yake kama kiongozi wa harakati, lakini akiwa mwanasiasa mweledi, katiba iliyoandikwa ikawa yenye kuthamini demorasia ya rangi tofauti; ikiweka bayana maono yake juu ya sheria inayolinda haki za wachache na za wengi pia, na uhuru wa tunu kwa kila Mwafrika Kusini.
Hatimaye, Mandela alielewa juu ya mambo yanayoiunganisha roho ya mwanadamu. Kuna neno Afrika Kusini – Ubuntu – linaloelezea hiba yake kubwa: kutambua kwake kuwa sisi sote tunaunganishwa katika namna mbalimbali ambazo zinaweza kutoonekana kwa macho; ambazo zinaonesha u-moja kwa binadamu; kwamba tunakuwa sisi kwa kushirikisha wengine katika u-sisi, na kuwajali wale wengine wanaotuzunguka. Hatuwezi kufahamu ni kwa kiwango gani hii ilikuwa ndani yake, ama kwa kiasi gani ilichochewa na kung'arishwa katika selo yenye kiza na upweke. Lakini tunakumbuka ishara ya mwili wake, kwa ukubwa na udogo wake – akiwatambulisha mabwana jela wake kama wageni wa heshima siku aliyoapishwa; ndani ya sare ya Springbok; akiigeukia familia yake akiihamasisha kupambana na VVU/UKIMWI – ikionesha kiwango cha juu cha huruma yake na uelewa. Si tu alikolezwa na Ubuntu; bali aliwafundisha wengi kuitafuta kweli ndani yao. Ilimchukua mtu kama Madiba kumkomboa si tu mfungwa, bali na bwana jela pia; kuonesha kuwa unapaswa kuwaamini wengine ili nao waweze kukuamini wewe; kufundisha kuwa maridhiano hayamaanishi kuyadharau machungu yaliyopita, bali kumaanisha kupambana nayo kwa ushirikishaji, ukarimu na ukweli. Alizibadili sheria, lakini na mioyo pia.
Kwa watu wa Afrika Kusini, kwa wale wote aliowapa msukumo kote ulimwenguni – kufariki kwa Madiba ni wakati hasa wa maombolezo, na pia wakati wa kuyasherehekea maisha yake ya kishujaa. Lakini ninaamini inapaswa pia kutupa wasaa wa kujitathimini wenyewe. Kwa uaminifu, pasipo kujali mahali tulipo ama hali tulizo nazo, shurti tujiulize: kwa namna gani ninayatekeleza mafunzo yake kwenye maisha yangu mwenyewe?
Ni swali ninalojiuliza mwenyewe – kama binadamu na kama rais. Tunafahamu kama ilivyo Afrika Kusini, Amerika ililazimika kupambana na karne za ubaguzi wa rangi. Kama ukweli ulivyo hapa, iliwachukua watu wasiohesabika kujitoa mhanga – wanaojulikana na wasiojulikana – kuleta mapambazuko ya siku mpya. Michelle pamoja nami ni wanufaishwa wa mapambano hayo. Lakini ndani ya Amerika na Afrika Kusini, na nchi zingine kote ulimwenguni, hatuwezi kuruhusu maendeleo yetu kuufunika ukweli kuwa kazi yetu haijafanywa. Mapambano yanayofuatia ushindi juu ya usawa na haki za kiraia kote ulimwenguni yanaweza yasitoshelezwe uadilifu na unyoofu ukilinganisha na yale yaliyotangulia, lakini haimaanishi umuhimu kidogo. Kwa dunia ya leo, tungali tukiwaona watoto wakiteswa na njaa, na magonjwa; kukosa shule, na matarajio yao machache kwa maisha ya baadaye. Duniani kote leo, wake na waume wangali wakifungwa kwa ajili ya imani zao kisiasa; na wangali wakiadhibiwa kwa vile waonekanavyo, ama vile waabuduvyo, ama nani wawapendao.
Sisi, pia, lazima tutende kwa ajili ya haki. Sisi, pia, lazima tutende kwa ajili ya amani. Wapo wengi mno miongoni mwetu ambao kwa furaha tunaukumbatia urithi wa Madiba katika maridhiano ya rangi, lakini kwa hisia kali tunayakataa mabadiliko ya wastani ambayo yangeshindana na umasikini sugu na kukosekana kwa usawa kunakokua. Wapo viongozi wengi mno wanaodai kushikamana na mapambano ya uhuru ya Madiba, ilhali hawavumilii maoni tofauti kutoka kwa watu wao wenyewe. Na wapo wengi wetu wanaosimama pembeni, wakistarehe katika kuridhika ama wakizidharau sauti zetu zinapolazimika kusikika.
Maswali tunayokumbana nayo leo – tukuze vipi usawa na haki; tuulinde vipi uhuru na haki za kibinadamu; tukomeshe vipi migogoro na vita vya wenyewe – hayana majibu rahisi. Lakini hakukuwa na majibu rahisi mbele ya mtoto yule pale Qunu. Nelson Mandela anatukumbusha kuwa daima huonekana haiwezekani hadi jambo linapotendwa. Afrika Kusini inatuonesha kuwa hivyo ni kweli. Afrika Kusini inatuonesha tunaweza kubadilika. Tunaweza kuchagua kuishi katika dunia isiyotafsiriwa kwa tofauti zetu, bali kwa matumaini yetu yanayofanana. Tunaweza kuichagua dunia isiyotafsiriwa kwa mgogoro, bali kwa amani na haki na fursa.
Hatutowaona watu kama Nelson Mandela tena. Lakini wacha mimi niseme kwa vijana wadogo wa Afrika, na vijana wadogo kote ulimwenguni – mnaweza kuyafanya maisha yake yakafanya kazi ndani yenu. Zaidi ya miaka thelathini iliyopita, nikiwa bado mwanafunzi, nilijifunza kuhusu Mandela na mapambano katika nchi yake. Ilichochea kitu ndani yangu. Iliniamsha katika wajibu wangu – kwa wengine, na kwa nafsi yangu -
- na kuniweka katika safari isiyoyumkinika ambayo imenifikisha hapa leo. Na wakati sitoufikia mfano wa Madiba, ananifanya nitake kuwa bora. Anazungumza kilicho bora ndani yetu. Baada ya huyu mkombozi mufti kupumzishwa; baada ya sisi kurudi kwenye majiji yetu na vijiji vyetu, na kurejea mizunguko yetu ya kila siku, ni vema tuitafute nguvu yake – kwa ukuu wa roho yake – mahali fulani ndani yetu. Na wakati giza likiingia usiku, wakati ukosefu wa haki ukituelemea mioyoni mwetu, mikakati yetu kutofanikiwa – tumfikirie Madiba, na maneno yaliyomletea faraja ndani ya kuta nne za selo yake:
Haijalishi namna mashaka yalivyoniandama,
Namna nilivyoshtakiwa na adhabu ndefu,
Mimi ndiye mwamuzi wa majaaliwa yangu,
Mimi ndiye nahodha wa nafsi yangu.
Ni nafsi kuu kwa kiasi gani. Tutamkumbuka mno. Mwenyezi Mungu aibariki kumbukumbu ya Nelson Mandela. Mwenyezi Mungu awabariki watu wa Afrika Kusini.
Imetafsiriwa katika Kiswahili na Fadhy Mtanga
 
Soma Hotuba ya Obama kwa English!
Huyu kijana ni akili kubwa sana! Nimejifunza mengi sana kwenye hii hotuba.
Kwenye
red hapo chini sijuhi wakuu wa nchi kama zetu walijisikiaje, make kawachana live bila chenga!


To Graça Machel and the Mandela family; to President Zuma and members of the government; to heads of states and government, past and present; distinguished guests - it is a singular honor to be with you today, to celebrate a life like no other. To the people of South Africa - (applause) - people of every race and walk of life - the world thanks you for sharing Nelson Mandela with us. His struggle was your struggle. His triumph was your triumph. Your dignity and your hope found expression in his life. And your freedom, your democracy is his cherished legacy.
It is hard to eulogize any man - to capture in words not just the facts and the dates that make a life, but the essential truth of a person - their private joys and sorrows; the quiet moments and unique qualities that illuminate someone's soul. How much harder to do so for a giant of history, who moved a nation toward justice, and in the process moved billions around the world.

Born during World War I, far from the corridors of power, a boy raised herding cattle and tutored by the elders of his Thembu tribe, Madiba would emerge as the last great liberator of the 20th century. Like Gandhi, he would lead a resistance movement - a movement that at its start had little prospect for success. Like Dr. King, he would give potent voice to the claims of the oppressed and the moral necessity of racial justice. He would endure a brutal imprisonment that began in the time of Kennedy and Khrushchev, and reached the final days of the Cold War. Emerging from prison, without the force of arms, he would - like Abraham Lincoln - hold his country together when it threatened to break apart. And like America's Founding Fathers, he would erect a constitutional order to preserve freedom for future generations - a commitment to democracy and rule of law ratified not only by his election, but by his willingness to step down from power after only one term.

Given the sweep of his life, the scope of his accomplishments, the adoration that he so rightly earned, it's tempting I think to remember Nelson Mandela as an icon, smiling and serene, detached from the tawdry affairs of lesser men. But Madiba himself strongly resisted such a lifeless portrait. (Applause.) Instead, Madiba insisted on sharing with us his doubts and his fears; his miscalculations along with his victories. "I am not a saint," he said, "unless you think of a saint as a sinner who keeps on trying."

It was precisely because he could admit to imperfection - because he could be so full of good humor, even mischief, despite the heavy burdens he carried - that we loved him so. He was not a bust made of marble; he was a man of flesh and blood - a son and a husband, a father and a friend. And that's why we learned so much from him, and that's why we can learn from him still. For nothing he achieved was inevitable. In the arc of his life, we see a man who earned his place in history through struggle and shrewdness, and persistence and faith. He tells us what is possible not just in the pages of history books, but in our own lives as well.

Mandela showed us the power of action; of taking risks on behalf of our ideals. Perhaps Madiba was right that he inherited, "a proud rebelliousness, a stubborn sense of fairness" from his father. And we know he shared with millions of black and colored South Africans the anger born of, "a thousand slights, a thousand indignities, a thousand unremembered moments…a desire to fight the system that imprisoned my people," he said.

But like other early giants of the ANC - the Sisulus and Tambos - Madiba disciplined his anger and channeled his desire to fight into organization, and platforms, and strategies for action, so men and women could stand up for their God-given dignity. Moreover, he accepted the consequences of his actions, knowing that standing up to powerful interests and injustice carries a price. "I have fought against white domination and I have fought against black domination. I've cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and [with] equal opportunities. It is an ideal which I hope to live for and to achieve. But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die."

Mandela taught us the power of action, but he also taught us the power of ideas; the importance of reason and arguments; the need to study not only those who you agree with, but also those who you don't agree with. He understood that ideas cannot be contained by prison walls, or extinguished by a sniper's bullet. He turned his trial into an indictment of apartheid because of his eloquence and his passion, but also because of his training as an advocate. He used decades in prison to sharpen his arguments, but also to spread his thirst for knowledge to others in the movement. And he learned the language and the customs of his oppressor so that one day he might better convey to them how their own freedom depend upon his.

Mandela demonstrated that action and ideas are not enough. No matter how right, they must be chiseled into law and institutions. He was practical, testing his beliefs against the hard surface of circumstance and history. On core principles he was unyielding, which is why he could rebuff offers of unconditional release, reminding the Apartheid regime that "prisoners cannot enter into contracts."

But as he showed in painstaking negotiations to transfer power and draft new laws, he was not afraid to compromise for the sake of a larger goal. And because he was not only a leader of a movement but a skillful politician, the Constitution that emerged was worthy of this multiracial democracy, true to his vision of laws that protect minority as well as majority rights, and the precious freedoms of every South African.

And finally, Mandela understood the ties that bind the human spirit. There is a word in South Africa - Ubuntu - (applause) - a word that captures Mandela's greatest gift: his recognition that we are all bound together in ways that are invisible to the eye; that there is a oneness to humanity; that we achieve ourselves by sharing ourselves with others, and caring for those around us.

We can never know how much of this sense was innate in him, or how much was shaped in a dark and solitary cell. But we remember the gestures, large and small - introducing his jailers as honored guests at his inauguration; taking a pitch in a Springbok uniform; turning his family's heartbreak into a call to confront HIV/AIDS - that revealed the depth of his empathy and his understanding. He not only embodied Ubuntu, he taught millions to find that truth within themselves.

It took a man like Madiba to free not just the prisoner, but the jailer as well - (applause) - to show that you must trust others so that they may trust you; to teach that reconciliation is not a matter of ignoring a cruel past, but a means of confronting it with inclusion and generosity and truth. He changed laws, but he also changed hearts.

For the people of South Africa, for those he inspired around the globe, Madiba's passing is rightly a time of mourning, and a time to celebrate a heroic life. But I believe it should also prompt in each of us a time for self-reflection. With honesty, regardless of our station or our circumstance, we must ask: How well have I applied his lessons in my own life? It's a question I ask myself, as a man and as a President.

We know that, like South Africa, the United States had to overcome centuries of racial subjugation. As was true here, it took sacrifice - the sacrifice of countless people, known and unknown, to see the dawn of a new day. Michelle and I are beneficiaries of that struggle. (Applause.) But in America, and in South Africa, and in countries all around the globe, we cannot allow our progress to cloud the fact that our work is not yet done.

The struggles that follow the victory of formal equality or universal franchise may not be as filled with drama and moral clarity as those that came before, but they are no less important. For around the world today, we still see children suffering from hunger and disease. We still see run-down schools. We still see young people without prospects for the future. Around the world today, men and women are still imprisoned for their political beliefs, and are still persecuted for what they look like, and how they worship, and who they love. That is happening today.

And so we, too, must act on behalf of justice. We, too, must act on behalf of peace. There are too many people who happily embrace Madiba's legacy of racial reconciliation, but passionately resist even modest reforms that would challenge chronic poverty and growing inequality. There are too many leaders who claim solidarity with Madiba's struggle for freedom, but do not tolerate dissent from their own people. (Applause.) And there are too many of us on the sidelines, comfortable in complacency or cynicism when our voices must be heard.

The questions we face today - how to promote equality and justice; how to uphold freedom and human rights; how to end conflict and sectarian war - these things do not have easy answers. But there were no easy answers in front of that child born in World War I. Nelson Mandela reminds us that it always seems impossible until it is done. South Africa shows that is true. South Africa shows we can change, that we can choose a world defined not by our differences, but by our common hopes. We can choose a world defined not by conflict, but by peace and justice and opportunity.

We will never see the likes of Nelson Mandela again. But let me say to the young people of Africa and the young people around the world - you, too, can make his life's work your own. Over 30 years ago, while still a student, I learned of Nelson Mandela and the struggles taking place in this beautiful land, and it stirred something in me. It woke me up to my responsibilities to others and to myself, and it set me on an improbable journey that finds me here today. And while I will always fall short of Madiba's example, he makes me want to be a better man. (Applause.) He speaks to what's best inside us.

After this great liberator is laid to rest, and when we have returned to our cities and villages and rejoined our daily routines, let us search for his strength. Let us search for his largeness of spirit somewhere inside of ourselves. And when the night grows dark, when injustice weighs heavy on our hearts, when our best-laid plans seem beyond our reach, let us think of Madiba and the words that brought him comfort within the four walls of his cell: "It matters not how strait the gate, how charged with punishments the scroll, I am the master of my fate: I am the captain of my soul."

What a magnificent soul it was. We will miss him deeply. May God bless the memory of Nelson Mandela. May God bless the people of South Africa."
 
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