Abdoun
Member
- Jul 19, 2014
- 92
- 179
Assalam Alaykum,
Kama kichwa cha habari hapo juu kinavyoeleza, uzi huu utajikita kujaribu kutoa mwanga kwa wasiofahamu juu ya uharamu wa biashara ya forex kwa mtazamo wa sheria ya kiislamu.
Kwa siku za hivi karibuni, kumekuwa na uhamasishaji mkubwa sana juu ya biashara hii ya forex kupitia mitandao ya kijamii hapa nchini Tanzania. Waislamu wengi wa Tanzania, kwa kutofahamu dini yao ama kwa kughafilika tu, wamejikuta wakiingia kichwa kichwa kwenye biashara hii pasipo kuelewa kama ni halali ama haramu kwa mtazamo wa sheria ya dini yao.
Binafsi niliifahamu biashara hii ya forex ( na nyinginezo kadhaa) na kufungua Forex Trading Demo Account kati ya mwaka 2010 na 2011 wakati nipo chuo kikuu nje ya nchi (sitoitaja nchi), kipindi nasoma undergraduate. Kiukweli ni biashara inayolipa sana japo ni wachache sana wanaofikia daraja (level) ya kuwa washindi (in a long-term basis), wengi hupoteza pesa kwa sababu ni biashara inayohitaji elimu na uzoefu wa muda mrefu na uvumilivu wa hali ya juu na bahati pia.
Namshukuru Mwenyezi Mungu aliniongoza na nikafahamu kuwa biashara hii hainifai mimi kama muislamu na nikaweza kuachana nayo (japo iliniuma kimtindo, maana ni biashara inayolipa). Mimi nilichoangalia ni radhi za Mwenyezi Mungu kwangu hivyo nikaacha kujishughulisha na kuingiza kipato cha haramu kupitia hii biashara. Binafsi, Akhera kwangu ni muhimu kuliko Dunia.
Niliipoona biashara hii ya Forex imepamba moto nchini, nilijisikia vibaya kuona vijana wenzangu wa kiislamu wakiingia kichwa kichwa. Najua wengi ni kutojua dini tu, maana hata mimi nilikuwa vivyo hivyo mwanzoni. Hivyo niliona dhima kubwa ya kuwafikishia onyo juu ya kujihusisha na biashara hii. Nimeutua mzigo na mbele ya haki kwa Mwenyezi Mungu nitakapoulizwa nitajibu kwamba nilijitahidi kuwaeleza waislamu juu ya uharamu wa hii biashara.
Muhimu
Kuuza na kununua currencies tofauti (kama tanavyofanya kupitia Bureau de Change) si haramu kwa sheria ya kiislamu, kinacholeta uharamu kwenye biashara ya Forex ni System inayoendesha biashara yenyewe (yaani STP na ECN brokerage Systems).
Masheikh wengi wa Tanzania bahati mbaya hawana elimu ya Dunia, na hata hiyo elimu ya dini wengi wapo juu juu tu. Hivyo kamwe usijisumbue kwenda kuwauliza kuhusu Forex. Wengi hata hawajui Forex ni kitu gani kama ambavyo watanzania wengi walikuwa hawajui forex ni kitu gani.
Nakuletea Sheikh Hacene Chebbani kutoka Algeria ambaye anaishi Canada tokea mwaka 1997. Sheikh Hacene ana Masters in Islamic finance (UK, 2012) pia ana BA in Islamic Sharia kutoka Islamic University of Madinah (1993).
Nakuomba fuatilia lecture aliyoitoa Sheikh Hacene kwa wanafunzi kupitia Youtube kuhusu uharamu wa biashara ya Forex kwa mtazamo wa sheria ya kiislamu.
Sheikh anazungumzia masuala mbalimbali ya hii biashara, tafadhali ewe muislamu usiache kuitazama lecture hiyo ili upate elimu juu ya masuala hayo.
Kwa wale watakaoshindwa kuitazama, angalau ondoka na Summary ifuatayo ambayo nimeiwasilisha kwa mtindo wa maswali na majibu (Q&A) kama ifuatavyo:
Swali: Je biashara hii ina Riba??
Jawabu: Ndiyo, Kuna riba kwenye biashara ya Forex
Swali: Je, Islamic forex Trading Accounts (Swap Free Accounts) zipo na brokers wanatoa hii huduma??
Jawabu: Ndiyo zipo. Forex brokers karibia wote duniani wanatoa huduma ya account maalum kwa ajili ya waislamu tu (Islamic Forex Trading Accounts).
Swali: Je, Islamic Trading Accounts zinahalalisha biashara ya forex kwa mtazamo wa Sheria ya kiislamu?
Jawabu: Hapana, Islamic Trading Accounts bado hazihalalishi biashara hii ya Forex kwa waislamu.
Pia Sheikh Hacene amezungumzia masuala mengine kama Margin, Leverage na nidhamu ya ukopeshaji/ukopeshwaji wa mtaji.
Nimetua dhima hii na kilichobaki ni juu yako wewe muislamu, chagua kutii ama kukaidi, Dunia ama Akhera. Hilo ni juu yako.
Namshukuru Mwenyezi Mungu Mtukufu
Ahsante.
Pia soma fatwa hii hapa chini kutoka jopo la wanazuoni wa kiislamu:
Kama kichwa cha habari hapo juu kinavyoeleza, uzi huu utajikita kujaribu kutoa mwanga kwa wasiofahamu juu ya uharamu wa biashara ya forex kwa mtazamo wa sheria ya kiislamu.
Kwa siku za hivi karibuni, kumekuwa na uhamasishaji mkubwa sana juu ya biashara hii ya forex kupitia mitandao ya kijamii hapa nchini Tanzania. Waislamu wengi wa Tanzania, kwa kutofahamu dini yao ama kwa kughafilika tu, wamejikuta wakiingia kichwa kichwa kwenye biashara hii pasipo kuelewa kama ni halali ama haramu kwa mtazamo wa sheria ya dini yao.
Binafsi niliifahamu biashara hii ya forex ( na nyinginezo kadhaa) na kufungua Forex Trading Demo Account kati ya mwaka 2010 na 2011 wakati nipo chuo kikuu nje ya nchi (sitoitaja nchi), kipindi nasoma undergraduate. Kiukweli ni biashara inayolipa sana japo ni wachache sana wanaofikia daraja (level) ya kuwa washindi (in a long-term basis), wengi hupoteza pesa kwa sababu ni biashara inayohitaji elimu na uzoefu wa muda mrefu na uvumilivu wa hali ya juu na bahati pia.
Namshukuru Mwenyezi Mungu aliniongoza na nikafahamu kuwa biashara hii hainifai mimi kama muislamu na nikaweza kuachana nayo (japo iliniuma kimtindo, maana ni biashara inayolipa). Mimi nilichoangalia ni radhi za Mwenyezi Mungu kwangu hivyo nikaacha kujishughulisha na kuingiza kipato cha haramu kupitia hii biashara. Binafsi, Akhera kwangu ni muhimu kuliko Dunia.
Niliipoona biashara hii ya Forex imepamba moto nchini, nilijisikia vibaya kuona vijana wenzangu wa kiislamu wakiingia kichwa kichwa. Najua wengi ni kutojua dini tu, maana hata mimi nilikuwa vivyo hivyo mwanzoni. Hivyo niliona dhima kubwa ya kuwafikishia onyo juu ya kujihusisha na biashara hii. Nimeutua mzigo na mbele ya haki kwa Mwenyezi Mungu nitakapoulizwa nitajibu kwamba nilijitahidi kuwaeleza waislamu juu ya uharamu wa hii biashara.
Muhimu
Kuuza na kununua currencies tofauti (kama tanavyofanya kupitia Bureau de Change) si haramu kwa sheria ya kiislamu, kinacholeta uharamu kwenye biashara ya Forex ni System inayoendesha biashara yenyewe (yaani STP na ECN brokerage Systems).
Masheikh wengi wa Tanzania bahati mbaya hawana elimu ya Dunia, na hata hiyo elimu ya dini wengi wapo juu juu tu. Hivyo kamwe usijisumbue kwenda kuwauliza kuhusu Forex. Wengi hata hawajui Forex ni kitu gani kama ambavyo watanzania wengi walikuwa hawajui forex ni kitu gani.
Nakuletea Sheikh Hacene Chebbani kutoka Algeria ambaye anaishi Canada tokea mwaka 1997. Sheikh Hacene ana Masters in Islamic finance (UK, 2012) pia ana BA in Islamic Sharia kutoka Islamic University of Madinah (1993).
Nakuomba fuatilia lecture aliyoitoa Sheikh Hacene kwa wanafunzi kupitia Youtube kuhusu uharamu wa biashara ya Forex kwa mtazamo wa sheria ya kiislamu.
Sheikh anazungumzia masuala mbalimbali ya hii biashara, tafadhali ewe muislamu usiache kuitazama lecture hiyo ili upate elimu juu ya masuala hayo.
Kwa wale watakaoshindwa kuitazama, angalau ondoka na Summary ifuatayo ambayo nimeiwasilisha kwa mtindo wa maswali na majibu (Q&A) kama ifuatavyo:
Swali: Je biashara hii ina Riba??
Jawabu: Ndiyo, Kuna riba kwenye biashara ya Forex
Swali: Je, Islamic forex Trading Accounts (Swap Free Accounts) zipo na brokers wanatoa hii huduma??
Jawabu: Ndiyo zipo. Forex brokers karibia wote duniani wanatoa huduma ya account maalum kwa ajili ya waislamu tu (Islamic Forex Trading Accounts).
Swali: Je, Islamic Trading Accounts zinahalalisha biashara ya forex kwa mtazamo wa Sheria ya kiislamu?
Jawabu: Hapana, Islamic Trading Accounts bado hazihalalishi biashara hii ya Forex kwa waislamu.
Pia Sheikh Hacene amezungumzia masuala mengine kama Margin, Leverage na nidhamu ya ukopeshaji/ukopeshwaji wa mtaji.
Nimetua dhima hii na kilichobaki ni juu yako wewe muislamu, chagua kutii ama kukaidi, Dunia ama Akhera. Hilo ni juu yako.
Namshukuru Mwenyezi Mungu Mtukufu
Ahsante.
Pia soma fatwa hii hapa chini kutoka jopo la wanazuoni wa kiislamu:
106094: Ruling on dealing in currencies in the FOREX system and paying fees for delaying the deal
Is it permissible to deal in currencies in the foreign exchange market (forex) over the Internet? What is your opinion regarding the issue of tabiyeet (stipulating interest for not using the deal at the same day)? What is also your opinion about the clearing process which is to delay submitting one to two days after the contract ends.
Published Date: 2008-01-08
Praise be to Allaah.
It is permissible to deal in currencies if the deal is done hand to hand and the transaction is free of conditions that stipulate riba, such as the stipulation of fees for delaying the deal, which is interest that is charged to the investor if he does not take a decision concerning the deal on the same day.
With regard to hand to hand exchange, this has been discussed in the answer to question no. 72210.
With regard to the fees for delaying the deal and trading in margins, a statement has been issued by the Islamic Fiqh Council concerning this, which says the following:
Praise be to Allaah alone and blessings and peace be upon the one after whom there is no Prophet, our master and Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and companions. To proceed:
The Islamic Fiqh Council of the Muslim World League, in its eighteenth session that was held in Makkah al-Mukarramah from 10 to 14/3/1427 AH (8 to 12 April 2006 CE), has examined the issue of trading in margins, which means that the customer pays a small amount of the value of what he wants to buy, which is called a “margin”, and the agent (the bank or otherwise) pays the rest as a loan, provided that the purchase contract remains in the name of the agent as a pledge for the money that was loaned.
After listening to the research that has been submitted and the detailed discussion on this topic, the opinion of the council is that this transaction involves the following:
1 – Dealing in buying and selling for the purpose of profit, and this dealing is usually done in major currencies or financial certificates (shares and bonds) or some types of products, and it may include trade in options, futures and the indexes of major markets.
2 – Loans, which refers to the money given by the agent to the customer directly if the agent is a bank, or via a third party if the agent is not a bank.
3 – Riba, which occurs in this transaction in the form of fees for delaying the deal. This is interest that is charged to the purchaser if he does not make a decision on the same day, and which may be a percentage of the loan or a set amount.
4 – Commission, which is the money that the agent gets as a result of the investor’s (customer’s) dealing through him, and it is an agreed-upon percentage of the value of the sale or purchase.
5 – The pledge, which is a commitment signed by the customer agreeing to leave the contract with the agent as a pledge for a loan, giving him the right to sell these contracts and take back the loan if the customer’s losses reach a specific percentage of the margin, unless the customer increases the pledge in order to compensate for a drop in the price of the product.
The Committee believes that this transaction is not permissible according to sharee’ah for the following reasons:
Firstly: It involves obvious riba, which is represented by the addition to the amount of the loan which is called “paying fees for delaying the deal”. This is a kind of haraam riba. Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
“O you who believe! Fear Allaah and give up what remains (due to you) from Ribaa (from now onward) if you are (really) believers.
279. And if you do not do it, then take a notice of war from Allaah and His Messenger but if you repent, you shall have your capital sums. Deal not unjustly (by asking more than your capital sums), and you shall not be dealt with unjustly (by receiving less than your capital sums)”
[al-Baqarah 2:278-279]
Secondly: The agent stipulates that the customer must deal through him, which leads to combining both giving a loan for something in return and paying commission, which is akin to combining giving a loan and selling at the same time, which is forbidden in sharee’ah because the Messenger (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “It is not permissible to give a loan and sell at the same time…” The hadeeth was narrated by Abu Dawood (3/384) and al-Tirmidhi (3/526), who said it is a hasan saheeh hadeeth. In this case he has benefited from his loan, and the fuqaha’ are unanimously agreed that every loan that brings a benefit is haraam riba.
Thirdly: Dealings that are done in this manner in the global markets usually involve many contracts that are haraam according to sharee’ah, such as:
1- Dealing in bonds, which comes under the heading of riba which is haraam. This was stated in a resolution of the Islamic Fiqh Council in Jeddah, no. 60, in its sixth session.
2- Dealing indiscriminately in company shares. The fourth statement of the Islamic Fiqh Council of the Muslim World League in its fourteenth session in 1415 AH stated that it is haraam to deal in the shares of companies whose main purposes are haraam, or some of their dealings involve riba.
3- Selling currencies is usually done without the hand to hand exchange which makes them permissible according to sharee’ah.
4- Dealing in options and futures. A resolution of the Islamic Fiqh Council in Jeddah no. (63), in its sixth session, stated that options are not permissible according to sharee’ah, because the object of dealing in these contracts is not money or services or a financial obligation which it is permissible to exchange. The same applies to futures and trading in indexes.
5- In some cases the agent is selling something that he does not possess, and selling what one does not possess is forbidden in sharee’ah.
Fourthly: This transaction involves economic harm to the parties involved, especially the customer (investor), and to the economy of the society in general, because it is based on borrowing to excess and taking risks. Such matters usually involve cheating, misleading people, rumours, hoarding, artificial inflation of prices and rapid and strong fluctuation of prices, with the aim of getting rich quickly and acquiring the savings of others in unlawful ways. Hence it comes under the heading of consuming people’s wealth unlawfully, in addition to diverting wealth in society from real, fruitful economic activity to this type of risk that has no economic advantage, and it may lead to severe economic turmoil that will cause great loss and harm in society.
The Council advises financial institutions to follow the ways of finance that are prescribed in sharee’ah and that do not involve riba and the like, and do not have harmful economic effects on their customers or on the economy in general, like shar’i partnerships and the like. And Allaah is the Source of strength.
May Allaah send blessings and peace upon our Prophet Muhammad and all his family and companions. End quote from Majallat al-Majma’ al-Fiqh al-Islami, issue no. 22, p. 229.
We ask Allaah to guide us and you.
And Allaah knows best.
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