MlimaSayuni
JF-Expert Member
- Mar 23, 2013
- 6,546
- 11,657
point.. tena na sana
Kwa Tz unaweza ukacontribute peke yako...lkn nilimsikia mo kuwa kampuni yake inatoa fungu kwa ajil ya youth development... Xa kwann asianzishe mashindano au maonyesho ya projects nchini watu wajitume zaid...
Anyway mada nzur sana lkn changamoto ipo vyuon hii field ya computer inachukuliwa easy sana...asilimia 70 ya wahitim wote wa comp.eng..comp science n IT hawajui programming..
Nimekupata mkuu, je mpaka sasa ushatengeneza software gani mhandisi??Uhandishi wa Madaraja unahitaji skills za mambo mengi katika ujenzi e.g.
1. Hali ya hewa
2. Taarifa za udongo
3. Uchoraji
4. Teknolojia
4. Resources kwaajili ya ujenzi
5. n.k
Katika Uhandisi wa software kunahitajika skills kibao e.g.
1. Programming|Developing|Designing
>Presentation layer(UI+UX)
>Data layer
- Unajua UI/UX framework gani?
- Unajua UI/UX language|scripts gani?
- etc
>Application layer
- Unajua Data access framework gani?
- Unajua Data access tech zipi?
- etc
2. Testing
- Unajua Web|Desktop|Mobile framework gani?
- Uko fit kwenye language zipi Java, C#, C++,C,PHP ?
- etc
3. Project Management
4. Analysis
5. Misc-skills
> Computer
> Networking
> Security
> Deployment, Maintenance, etc
Ni kweli mkuu software is far more than that lakini mara nyingi watu wanaopenda kujifunza kitu kipya languages included hua wanajifunza mambo mapya mengi tu coz wanakutana na vitu mbalimbali ambavyo vinafit with a particular language with time they become better software developers, mfano ukisoma R ni lazima utakutana na mtu anafundisha kwa kutumia mifano ya Data mining, hapo tayari unakutana na kitu kipya.
Kinachonishangaza ni jinsi watu wachache wanajituma, ingia mfano Coursera, kuna courses za kutupa, niliangalia course ya Machine Learning ya Andrew wa Stanford, kuna ya Data Mining pia, Systems Programming, Computer architecture, very great courses na zinatolewa bure. Au tatizo labda ni bundle za internet?
Nimekupata mkuu, je mpaka sasa ushatengeneza software gani mhandisi??
Nimeamua kuanzisha huu uzi baada ya kuona karibia kila developer ninayekutana naye mtanzania tools zake backend: Php + MySQL, frontend: HTML/CSS/JavaScript.
Ok sawa, Php is a great language ndiyo, ni popular next to Javascript kwenye web development. You can do a lot of things with Php, Ila hata php yenyewe wanavyoitumia ni rough tu, hakuna code arrangement, hakuna kufata pattern flani, kama mtu anafanya OOP unaangalia the code is everywhere hakuna classes, objects zinakua created on the fly tu, tena wengine hadi identation tu ni shida, yaani ukichukua project ukiiangalia unaona ni bora uanze tu kuifanya upya from scratch.
Tatizo ninahisi ni uvivu wa kujisomea, hakuna chuo duniani utaenda wakufundishe proper ways of programming, how to arrange your classes, reuse your code e.t.c, watakufundisha fundamentals tu, kukuonyesha what the computer is capable of, what are the limits, how stuffs work, vitu vingine kama efficiency of algorithms, how to think like a programmer basi. Mambo ya real life programming inabidi ujifunze mwenyewe, kuna sources nyingi sana online.
Kuna languages nyingine za kutumia kwenye backend ambazo zinaweza achieve even better results kuliko php kwenye mambo mengi tu, popular ones Go, Node.js (JavaScript) , Python, Java. Wengi nimeona mna uoga sana wa kujifunza kitu kipya, kama hupendi kujifunza huoni kama ulichagua a wrong career? Hii ni industry ambayo haito-stop kukua, either unajifunza every day au unakua left behind, its that simple.
Kingine kinachonikera, watu kuogopa linux na command line, sio mbaya kuhost projects zako kwenye hosts ambao unatuma tu php files then everything works, ila ukiishia hapo una tatizo, Jifunze linux na kutumia command line vuzuri, jifunze kuhost your own machine, ingia hata amazon cloud chukua EC2 instance wanakupa offer ya kuhost bure mwaka mzima, cheza na zile machine ujifunze vitu vya muhimu kama load-balancing, scaling up and down of servers, data backup ya database yako, na mjifunze pia hadi caching, kuna tools za ku~cache kama Redis, Memcache, mambo kibao ya kujifunza lakini huu uvivu ambayo yanaweza kufanya web apps zenu ziwe much much better. Na command line sio kwa ajili ya kuhost machine tu na kudiscover files, kuna apps kama vim, unaweza change code on runtime kwenye server, kama kuna tatizo unalifix from anywhere, very convenient.
Namalizia na client side, There's more to frontend development than jQuery, kuna tools kama React, AngularJS, Polymer, watu wanajua jquery tu. Jifunze tool kama React you won't regret it, personally I think React ndio the way the DOM was supposed to be made, kila kitu kwenye its own component, very easy to work with. And please minify your javascript files, ikiwezekana tumia tools za kucombine all your scripts into a single file na kuliserve hilo moja, mkito walikua na hili tatizo you could hack and download a song kwa kubadilisha a single value kwenye their javascript code nikajiuliza hivi they don't even double check kwenye server side pia before serving you the file, naona walishafix hili tatizo siku hizi.
Tupunguze uvivu.
Mkuu kwenye upande wa Web designing, PHP ni kiboko yao, naitumia kwa miaka kadhaa sasa, ni rahisi kuielewa, inaload faster, inacommunity base support ya kutosha world wide (zaidi ya 79% ya websites zote duniani zinatunia PHP), na zaid ya yote ni free tofauti na web pogramming nyngne kama ASP ambayo inamlazimu mtumiaji kulipa pesa kibao kupata features ambazo huenda angeweza kuzipata kwenye php na zaidi.
Hapo kwenye suala la kupunguza uvivu sina uhakika umemaanisha nini, kwangu mimi haijalishi ni lang gani umeisoma vizuri mwisho wa siku most of them works alike, haina maana kusoma Programming languages zaidi ya kumi mwisho wa siku zote ukazigusa nusunusu, kwani hii field inahitaji time yakutosha kuupdate your skills, kufanya testing n.k.
Don't let your tools define you.
nice, unanishauri nisome language gan kati java script au php in web designing? tayari moja nishasoma.Mkuu kama you believe you are very efficient in Php its a good thing, na ni kweli many websites are written in Php, na sijaongelea Microsoft stack kama ASP maana ukweli sipendi stack ya Microsoft, ila compared to a language like Go, Php is so old school. Ofcoz kama umejilock kutengeneza normal websites siwezi kukulaumu, Php is more than enough kuhandle such tasks. Ila kama ni complex software Php is a bad bet, hata Facebook waliregret kutumia Php maana iliwasumbua sana kwenye kuscale hadi wakatengeneza a lot of tools on top of it to try to scale it, ingekua decision ya Mark leo hii anaanza Facebook I doubt angeianzia in Php.
Na sijasema pia uguse languages 10, ila uwe na angalau 3 that you can go to zote zikiwa na strengths zake tofauti, ili anytime una task flani you get to choose the right tools for the job. Ofcoz huwezi choose C++ kutengenezea website it will be painful, ila kama unahitaji image manipulation I don't see why not involve C++ hata kama ni kwa kufanya bindings to a different language. Most languages work alike but they don't perform alike, kila language ina strength zake na weakesses, mastering one language has its limits, inakuconfine kua mtu asiyebadilika, why are we even making new languages kama a single language could do everything well? Alafu picking up a new language sio kitu kigumu kama watu mnavyochukulia, kama mtu anajua programming its very easy to pickup any other language.
You'll never know the importance of having other tools in your stack if you have never taken the time to learn the tools.
Hakuna Language inayoisha.. ila the more you work with different technology unaexplore zaidi.. kumwambia mtu ajifunze php hadi au C hadi mwisho ndio ajifunze another language siiungi mkoni ila njia nzuri ya kujifunza ni project based.Mkuu kwenye upande wa Web designing, PHP ni kiboko yao, naitumia kwa miaka kadhaa sasa, ni rahisi kuielewa, inaload faster, inacommunity base support ya kutosha world wide (zaidi ya 79% ya websites zote duniani zinatunia PHP), na zaid ya yote ni free tofauti na web pogramming nyngne kama ASP ambayo inamlazimu mtumiaji kulipa pesa kibao kupata features ambazo huenda angeweza kuzipata kwenye php na zaidi.
Hapo kwenye suala la kupunguza uvivu sina uhakika umemaanisha nini, kwangu mimi haijalishi ni lang gani umeisoma vizuri mwisho wa siku most of them works alike, haina maana kusoma Programming languages zaidi ya kumi mwisho wa siku zote ukazigusa nusunusu, kwani hii field inahitaji time yakutosha kuupdate your skills, kufanya testing n.k.
Don't let your tools define you.
Ok sawa, Php is a great language ndiyo, ni popular next to Javascript kwenye web development. You can do a lot of things with Php, Ila hata php yenyewe wanavyoitumia ni rough tu, hakuna code arrangement, hakuna kufata pattern flani, kama mtu anafanya OOP unaangalia the code is everywhere hakuna classes, objects zinakua created on the fly tu, tena wengine hadi identation tu ni shida, yaani ukichukua project ukiiangalia unaona ni bora uanze tu kuifanya upya from scratch.
Tatizo ninahisi ni uvivu wa kujisomea, hakuna chuo duniani utaenda wakufundishe proper ways of programming, how to arrange your classes, reuse your code e.t.c, watakufundisha fundamentals tu, kukuonyesha what the computer is capable of, what are the limits, how stuffs work, vitu vingine kama efficiency of algorithms, how to think like a programmer basi. Mambo ya real life programming inabidi ujifunze mwenyewe, kuna sources nyingi sana online.
Tupunguze uvivu.
Kama kuna ambazo ni web based tupia link tuoneZipo nyingi tuu, zinatumika ndani kwenye office za wateja.
toa sababu zako.PHP ni moja ya scripting language ninayoichukia sana, sitaki kuisikia wala kuiona!
hata mbuyu ulianza km mchicha.Personally i don't hate PHP, i hate newbs who create monsters using PHP.
kuna advantage kusoma language zaidi ya moja cause unajifunza the reason behind it na different paradgims pia inakuwa rahisi kuchagua proper platform mfano C/C++ zinafanana sana na Java so ni rahisi mtu wa C/C++ kuswitch kwenda Java na hata hiyo PHP, pia mtu ukimkuta anatumia Python basi bila shaka ana broad knowledge kuhusu programming..
pia lugha zaidi ya moja inaimply kwamba huyu mtu ni mtu anayependa kujivunza anafahamu teknolojia tofauti na ana uwezo wa kuchangia vizuri katika project yako