Palestine-Israel struggles: A typical case of settler colonialism that Tanzania should strategically avoid from today

[Mama Amon]

Victims of the blast at Gaza Hospital that killed more than 500, as settler colonial Israelites try to eliminate Palestinians

The Palestine-Israel struggle, which is now at its peak, as the above picture shows, is the product of settler colonial ideology, that Tanzania should avoid at any cost.

Settler colonialism, as opposed to a temporary exploitative strategy hereby called extractive-evacuative colonialism, is a deadly ideology which is defined in terms of the following minimal attributes:

1. forceful native land acquisition from its native inhabitants,
2. native inhabitants expulsion and marginalization,
3. occupation of the acquired land by settlers from outside/invaders,
4. elimination of the natives through genocides and mass killings, and
5. claiming social, economic, legislative, judicative, and executive sovereignty over annexed land through the eradication and erasure of native sovereignty.
6. The three step strategy of total foreigner-to-native domination, namely:

(a) acquiring trans-generational economic citizenship through massive investments in the economy and military,​

​

(b) gaining partial political citizenship in terms of the capacity to influence political decision-makers (becoming political decision formers), and finally​

​

(c) getting full political citizenship, in the name of non-repatriable foreigners, and hence full power of participating in political decision-making organs.​

In other words, while extractive-evacuative colonialism is the practice of a foreign state or group of people temporarily exercising control over another country or area, settler colonialism is a form of permanent colonialism in which settlers create societies that are distinct from the indigenous population and seek to control land and resources and establish their own economy and system of governance.

Settler colonists come to stay, assimilate or kill natives, and own their land. This is the core problem of the Palestinian-Israeli struggle, apartheid struggle in south Africa, Arab-Bantu struggle in pre-revolution Zanzibar, Arab-Loliondo natives struggle in Northern Tanzania, and Swahili-Indians struggles in Upanga-Dar and Gezaulole-Bagamoyo in Tanzania.

Specifically, the Investors-Villagers struggles at Gezaulole Village, Makurunge Ward, Bagamoyo District, where a 7,000 village land has been forcibly acquired by an investor, hence expulsing 600 natives, is a serious recent case in point.

Key reference here is the ruling by the High Court , Land Division, at Dar es Salaam, Miscellaneous Application No. 102/2023, between Adelina Crispin Kilimba and 599 others versus Noble Agriculture Enterprises Ltd and 3 others, as issued on 22 May 2023 by Judge K. D. Mhina.

Noble Agriculture Enterprises Ltd is a part of the group of Companies called Noble Azania Investments Ltd. Mr. Jayantkumar Patel is the Group Chairman while Mr. Bharat Patel is the Group Managing Director.

The villagers application for an interlocutory order called Mareva injunction, was unsuccessful due to legal technicalities, related to the legal requirement of serving the government with a ninety days statutory notice before filing a suit against any of its department, agency or unit. However, the facts of the case are so telling.

In addition, I wish to note that, if it does not die a natural death on 25 October 2023, or if the government and the parliament do not reverse their intentions now, the Tanzania-Dubai Treaty is a gateway to another scenario of settler colonialism around 88 Ports in Tanzania Mainland.

And so, America and whoever supports what Israel has been doing to Palestinians since 1917, and whoever supports the above dirty scenarios, is a supporter of the deadly ideology of settler colonialism as currently being implemented by Israel in Gaza strip.

At the domestic level in Tanzania, the wisdom of the dictum "prevention is better than cure," is highly needed. We need to put our house in order now.

Empty "government prayers" for showing solidarity with the suffering Palestinians and Israelites, which are made by a secular government in Tanzania, as alluded to by Hon. January Makamba, in her recent statement concerning the ongoing Palestine-Israel struggle, won't do.

Let us explain why. By the above stated bad domestic examples on setller colonialism, it does not mean that we have already failed.

Instead, we have just found some vivid examples that don’t work for the good of the nation. What we are supposed to do when we don’t like a thing is to change it. If we can’t change it, then, at least, let us change the way we think about it.

In fact, only in the darkness can we see the stars. Let us do what we can, with what we have, where we are. If we can’t fly then let us run, if we can’t run then let us walk, if we can’t walk then let us crawl, but whatever we do we have to keep moving forward in pursuit of the common good of the nation.

Silence when we should speak up is not something the God of Abrahamic Religions has always looked kindly upon.

Let us remember the story where God told Moses to take the rod and speak to the rock before the people but instead rebelled and smote the rock twice in Numbers 20:6 -13.

Moses was punished because he did something God did not tell him to do and was not allowed to enter the Promised Land.

The interesting thing is that Aaron too was punished and not allowed to enter the Promised Land but his rebellion was he did not do something God told him to do, as he kept his mouth shut, didn’t let his voice be heard, and was held accountable for his silence.

For this reason, we wish to conclude this message by using the following four great quotes by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. on the danger of silence.

One, “In the end, we will remember not the words of our enemies, but the silence of our friends.”

Two, “Our lives begin to end the day we become silent about things that matter.”

Three, “The day we see the truth and cease to speak is the day we begin to die”

And four, “There comes a time when silence is betrayal.”

We submit.

Some of the current Cabinet members, URT

​

Mama Amon,
Chief Executive Officer,
Dawati la Utafiti la Mama Amon (DUMA)
"Sumbawanga Town"
S.L.P P/Bag,
Sumbawanga.

 

[TUJITEGEMEE]

Kind of no will to avoid it, uh?

 

[Raymanu KE]

So in this case of Israel & Palestine who do you think is the settler colonialist and who's the native?

 

[Mama Amon]

So in this case of Israel & Palestine who do you think is the settler colonialist and who's the native?

And so, America and whoever supports what Israel has been doing to Palestinians since 1917, is a supporter of the deadly ideology of settler colonialism as currently being implemented by Israel in Gaza strip.

 

[Kirchhoff]

We Pray that our Leaders would read this thread and stop arabs and other foreigners from invading our country via foul investments.

 

[falcon Q]

Well narated and quite strong vivid examples u have shown,but for the case israel_palestians there is something you a missing.Jews stayed there for over 3500 years under roman empire colonialism they used jewsh land bt they didnt owned it jewsh were scarted over the world then arabs occupie jewsh land and owned it instead of using it as romans did in 19th century jewsh started going back to there land but they found arabs dominating the land.so thats just a skeloting you can dig dipper there a so many sources chief

 

[butron]

View attachment 2785400Victims of the blast at Gaza Hospital that killed more than 500, as settler colonial Israelites try to eliminate Palestinians

The Palestine-Israel struggle, which is now at its peak, as the above picture shows, is the product of settler colonial ideology, that Tanzania should avoid at any cost.

Settler colonialism, as opposed to extractive-evacuative colonialism, is an ideology which defined in terms of the following attributes:

1. forceful native land acquisition from its native inhabitants,
2. native inhabitants expulsion and marginalization,
3. occupation of the acquired land by settlers from outsiders/invaders,
4. elimination of the natives through genocides and mass killings, and
5. claiming sovereignty over annexed land through the eradication and erasure of native sovereignty.

In other words, while extractive-evacuative colonialism is the practice of a foreign state or group of people temporarily exercising control over another country or area, settler colonialism is a form of permanent colonialism in which settlers create societies that are distinct from the indigenous population and seek to control land and resources and establish their own economy and system of governance.

Settler colonists come to stay, kill natives, and own their land. This is the core problem of the Palestinian-Israeli struggle, apartheid struggle in south Africa, Arab-Bantu struggle in pre-revolution Zanzibar, Arab-Loliondo struggle in Northern Tanzania, Swahili-Indians struggle in Upanga of Cosatal Tanzania, and many other similar scenarios. The DP World saga is a gateway to another settler colonialism scenario around 88 Tanganyika Ports.

And so, America and whoever supports what Israel has been doing to Palestinians since 1917, is a supporter of the deadly ideology of settler colonialism as currently being implemented by Israel in Gaza strip.

Practical prevention is better than cure. Mere "government prayers," from a secular government, as alluded to by Hon. January Makamba, in her statement concerning the ongoing Palestine-Israel struggle, won't do!

View attachment 2785421

The current Cabinet, URT​

So Mama Abdul is trying to welcome to Tanganyika Arab settlers whom her forefathers fought more than 50 years back in Zanzibar!
I have keenly observed the photo of Mama Abdul and her crew,I was impressed that she took a photo with farmers of Nzega!
Sorry,kumbe ni Mawaziri.
Why Mama Abdul's ministers have poor dressing codes especially men?kama Wahuni fulani hivi!!

Sent from my V2111 using JamiiForums mobile app

 

[Mama Amon]

Well narated and quite strong vivid examples u have shown,but for the case israel_palestians there is something you a missing.Jews stayed there for over 3500 years under roman empire colonialism they used jewsh land bt they didnt owned it jewsh were scarted over the world then arabs occupie jewsh land and owned it instead of using it as romans did in 19th century jewsh started going back to there land but they found arabs dominating the land.so thats just a skeloting you can dig dipper there a so many sources chief

Admittedly, as the clip below states, Jews lived in the areas before Palestines. They left and came back. When they came back they found Palestines already occypying the land. So, the question is about the cut-off point along the time line. Talking about 3,500 years back as a cut-off point is illusory. Many of us prefer to reason by starting from 1917 onwards.

I read this topic intensively and extensively when preparing a letter to Jakaya Kikwete. As a result I was, and I am still convinced, that the settler colonialism ideology better explains the Palestine-Israel struggles than any other. And many researchers who have examined the matter came to the conclusion that settler colonialism is the case.

The argument for settler colonial ideology rests, inter alia, on the distinction between extractive-evacuative colonialism, which succeeds by keeping the colonizer and the colonized separate, and settler colonialism, where ultimate success is achieved when the settlers are ‘‘indigenized’’ and cease to be seen as settlers.

By using the pre-1948 and post-1967 contexts, many authors have shown how and why Israel, is a successful settler colonial project emerging from the British mandate in Palestine.

The British army occupied Jerusalem on Sunday, 9 December 1917, and withdrew on 14 May 1948. During its brief imperium in the promised land, Britain kept the promise made in 1917 by its foreign secretary, Arthur James Balfour, in the Declaration that bears his name, “to favor the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people”. While nurturing the ‘national home’, a term as deliberately vague as Palestinian ‘autonomy’ is today, Britain neglected to observe the Declaration’s final clause: “that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of the existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country”.

In this regard, Britain erected and for thirty years maintained the scaffolding that the Zionists happily tore down when their house of Israel was ready. Despite the objections of some British military commanders and civil servants in Palestine, His Majesty’s Government protected Jewish immigration, encouraged Jewish settlement, subsidized Jewish defense and protected the Yishuv, as Palestine’s minority Jewish community called itself, from the native population. Without Great Britain, there would not have been an Israel for the Yishuv, or a catastrophe for Palestine’s Arab majority. It is not surprising that each year Balfour Day is celebrated by the friends of Israel and mourned by Palestine’s Arabs.

On this point, “The Manifesto of Dignity and Hope”, reads in part:

"The story of truth is a simple one in our land: the truth is that Palestinians are one people, one society. Zionist gangs forced out most of our people, it stole our homes and destroyed our villages. Then Zionism decided to shred what remained of Palestine, isolating us and separating us in small strips of our land. They tried to turn us into different societies, each living apart, each in its own separate prison. That is how Zionism has sought to control us, that is how they worked to fragment our political will, and to prevent a united struggle in the face of racist settler colonialism in all of Palestine. (The Unity Intifada 2021)

 

[falcon Q]

I read this topic intensively and extensively when preparing a letter to Jakaya Kikwete. As a result I was, and I am still convinced, that the settler colonialism ideology better explains the Palestine-Israel struggles than any other. And many researchers who have examined the matter came to the conclusion that settler colonialism is the case.

I agree with you for the case of using as a case study without drawing a conclusion of who are idngenous of the land

 

[Mama Amon]

I agree with you for the case of using as a case study without drawing a conclusion of who are idngenous of the land

Just to add a point for you to reflect about:

The theory of settler colonialism is applied to societies that saw settlers overwhelm the indigenous population to the point that it became demographically and economically marginal: two to three per cent of the population in the US, Canada and Australia.

In other places such as Kenya, Rhodesia, Algeria, Mozambique and South Africa, indigenous people remained the bulk of the population and the main source of labor.

Slavery featured in some cases, such as the US and early colonial South Africa, but not in others.

European settlers retained legal and political links to the mother country in Algeria, Kenya, Rhodesia and Portugal’s African colonies but became independent in the US, South Africa and other British territories, often as a result of a violent intra-colonial conflict.

In some countries, most settlers left the territory after independence – Algeria, Mozambique, Angola and Rhodesia – but substantial numbers stayed in other places such as Namibia and South Africa.

And, of course, where they became numerically dominant, settlers used their political independence to consolidate their rule and marginalize ‘natives’ further, but also to incorporate them into the new polity once they ceased posing a demographic threat to settler domination.

This contrasts with the retention of legal-racial divisions in places where indigenous people remained a majority of the population.

Resistance strategies differed as well: attempts by natives to integrate as individuals on an equal basis in some societies, maintenance of pre-colonial identities and modes of organization in others, formation of nationalist movements on the new ground created by colonial settlement, a focus on race, all with varying degrees of recognizing settlers as legitimate members of the envisaged liberated society.

It is not only the broad contours of history that vary greatly in settler colonial societies but also patterns of social change over time.

Constant geographical expansion while driving out indigenous people in some places such as the US and Australia, constant expansion while incorporating indigenous people as labor power in others, South Africa most notably, initial takeover of the entire territory with more or less fixed relations of subordination throughout the period (Algeria, Kenya, Rhodesia, Namibia).

The diverse dynamics coexisted with different degrees of incorporation of ‘urban natives’ in a relatively privileged position compared to rural populations, and different combinations of direct and indirect rule. These continued to affect the evolution of societies in the post-colonial period

The concept of settler colonialism, then, is compatible with different demographic ratios, different trajectories of indigenous-settler relations, different relations between settlers and metropolitan centers, different destinies of settlers in the post-colonial period, and different social structures, ranging from reliance on free white labor, indentured immigrant labor – from Europe, India, China – to African slavery, indigenous labor subordination, and many combinations of the above. In short, settler-colonial societies do not move in a similar direction, be it the consolidation of settler rule or its demise through indigenous resistance.

In the absence of a unique historical trajectory, does settler colonialism display specific conceptual features?

That is to say, does it work as a theoretical model?

Does it outline distinct ways in which theoretical forces, such as class, race, ethnicity, state, power, ideology, space and time, are manifested concretely or intersect with one another?

If we pose the question in this way, the conclusion seems unavoidable: settler colonialism as a model does indeed establish specific social-theoretical dynamics unique to it, which may serve to distinguish it analytically and descriptively, from other types of societies, be they colonial or not.

Settler colonialism, as opposed to extractive-evacuative colonialism, is an ideology which is defined in terms of the following attributes:

1. forceful native land acquisition from its native inhabitants,
2. native inhabitants expulsion and marginalization,
3. occupation of the acquired land by settlers from outsiders/invaders,
4. elimination of the natives through genocides and mass killings, and
5. claiming sovereignty over annexed land through the eradication and erasure of native sovereignty.

 

[falcon Q]

You cant compete a person who devotes averything on something thats how settlers operates and bad enough they wear a new musk of investors thats what happening at ngororo basin its a new form of colonialism that we africans we praise what these investors do has no diffrence with what colonialist done during middle age.anyway good sitings thanx

 

[Falconer]

View attachment 2785400Victims of the blast at Gaza Hospital that killed more than 500, as settler colonial Israelites try to eliminate Palestinians

The Palestine-Israel struggle, which is now at its peak, as the above picture shows, is the product of settler colonial ideology, that Tanzania should avoid at any cost.

Settler colonialism, as opposed to a temporary exploitative strategy hereby called extractive-evacuative colonialism, is a deadly ideology which is defined in terms of the following minimal attributes:

1. forceful native land acquisition from its native inhabitants,
2. native inhabitants expulsion and marginalization,
3. occupation of the acquired land by settlers from outside/invaders,
4. elimination of the natives through genocides and mass killings, and
5. claiming social, economic, legislative, judicative, and executive sovereignty over annexed land through the eradication and erasure of native sovereignty.
6. The three step strategy of total foreigner-to-native domination, namely:

(a) acquiring trans-generational economic citizenship through massive investments in the economy and military,​

​

(b) gaining partial political citizenship in terms of the capacity to influence political decision-makers (becoming political decision formers), and finally​

​

(c) getting full political citizenship, in the name of non-repatriable foreigners, and hence full power of participating in political decision-making organs.​

In other words, while extractive-evacuative colonialism is the practice of a foreign state or group of people temporarily exercising control over another country or area, settler colonialism is a form of permanent colonialism in which settlers create societies that are distinct from the indigenous population and seek to control land and resources and establish their own economy and system of governance.

Settler colonists come to stay, assimilate or kill natives, and own their land. This is the core problem of the Palestinian-Israeli struggle, apartheid struggle in south Africa, Arab-Bantu struggle in pre-revolution Zanzibar, Arab-Loliondo natives struggle in Northern Tanzania, and Swahili-Indians struggles in Upanga-Dar and Gezaulole-Bagamoyo in Tanzania.

Specifically, the Investors-Villagers struggles at Gezaulole Village, Makurunge Ward, Bagamoyo District, where a 7,000 village land has been forcibly acquired by an investor, hence expulsing 600 natives, is a serious recent case in point.

Key reference here is the ruling by the High Court , Land Division, at Dar es Salaam, Miscellaneous Application No. 102/2023, between Adelina Crispin Kilimba and 599 others versus Noble Agriculture Enterprises Ltd and 3 others, as issued on 22 May 2023 by Judge K. D. Mhina.

Noble Agriculture Enterprises Ltd is a part of the group of Companies called Noble Azania Investments Ltd. Mr. Jayantkumar Patel is the Group Chairman while Mr. Bharat Patel is the Group Managing Director.

The villagers application for an interlocutory order called Mareva injunction, was unsuccessful due to legal technicalities, related to the legal requirement of serving the government with a ninety days statutory notice before filing a suit against any of its department, agency or unit. However, the facts of the case are so telling.

In addition, I wish to note that, if it does not die a natural death on 25 October 2023, or if the government and the parliament do not reverse their intentions now, the Tanzania-Dubai Treaty is a gateway to another scenario of settler colonialism around 88 Ports in Tanzania Mainland.

And so, America and whoever supports what Israel has been doing to Palestinians since 1917, and whoever supports the above dirty scenarios, is a supporter of the deadly ideology of settler colonialism as currently being implemented by Israel in Gaza strip.

At the domestic level in Tanzania, the wisdom of the dictum "prevention is better than cure," is highly needed. We need to put our house in order now.

Empty "government prayers" for showing solidarity with the suffering Palestinians and Israelites, which are made by a secular government in Tanzania, as alluded to by Hon. January Makamba, in her recent statement concerning the ongoing Palestine-Israel struggle, won't do.

Let us explain why. By the above stated bad domestic examples on setller colonialism, it does not mean that we have already failed.

Instead, we have just found some vivid examples that don’t work for the good of the nation. What we are supposed to do when we don’t like a thing is to change it. If we can’t change it, then, at least, let us change the way we think about it.

In fact, only in the darkness can we see the stars. Let us do what we can, with what we have, where we are. If we can’t fly then let us run, if we can’t run then let us walk, if we can’t walk then let us crawl, but whatever we do we have to keep moving forward in pursuit of the common good of the nation.

Silence when we should speak up is not something the God of Abrahamic Religions has always looked kindly upon.

Let us remember the story where God told Moses to take the rod and speak to the rock before the people but instead rebelled and smote the rock twice in Numbers 20:6 -13.

Moses was punished because he did something God did not tell him to do and was not allowed to enter the Promised Land.

The interesting thing is that Aaron too was punished and not allowed to enter the Promised Land but his rebellion was he did not do something God told him to do, as he kept his mouth shut, didn’t let his voice be heard, and was held accountable for his silence.

For this reason, we wish to conclude this message by using the following four great quotes by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. on the danger of silence.

One, “In the end, we will remember not the words of our enemies, but the silence of our friends.”

Two, “Our lives begin to end the day we become silent about things that matter.”

Three, “The day we see the truth and cease to speak is the day we begin to die”

And four, “There comes a time when silence is betrayal.”

We submit.

View attachment 2785421

Some of the current Cabinet members, URT
View attachment 2785834
View attachment 2786099​

Mama Amon,
Chief Executive Officer,
Dawati la Utafiti la Mama Amon (DUMA)
"Sumbawanga Town"
S.L.P P/Bag,
Sumbawanga.

Thanks for this informative article. I would wish my brothers from the ruling party will read this article with open mind.

 

[Jagina]

So Mama Abdul is trying to welcome to Tanganyika Arab settlers whom her forefathers fought more than 50 years back in Zanzibar!
I have keenly observed the photo of Mama Abdul and her crew,I was impressed that she took a photo with farmers of Nzega!
Sorry,kumbe ni Mawaziri.
Why Mama Abdul's ministers have poor dressing codes especially men?kama Wahuni fulani hivi!!

Sent from my V2111 using JamiiForums mobile app

Please read this book you will understand on how Zanzibar was invaded

https://kwaheri.files.wordpress.com/2010/05/kwaheri-ukoloni-kwaheri-uhuru.pdf

 

[Jagina]

Well narated and quite strong vivid examples u have shown,but for the case israel_palestians there is something you a missing.Jews stayed there for over 3500 years under roman empire colonialism they used jewsh land bt they didnt owned it jewsh were scarted over the world then arabs occupie jewsh land and owned it instead of using it as romans did in 19th century jewsh started going back to there land but they found arabs dominating the land.so thats just a skeloting you can dig dipper there a so many sources chief

Is this how the international law works ??

 

[Jagina]

Is this how the international law works ??

The origin of the Jews – Race Myth and 'Sacred History'

Genesis:

First invent your Jew, then invent your Christ...

Jew Who?

Asiatic traders, tomb of Beni Hassan, Middle Egypt. Jews – or not Jews?



'About the year 1000 B.C. there was nothing distinctive about the Jews ethnically, linguistically, politically or economically.'


N. Cantor (The Sacred Chain, p52)

 

[Jagina]

Well narated and quite strong vivid examples u have shown,but for the case israel_palestians there is something you a missing.Jews stayed there for over 3500 years under roman empire colonialism they used jewsh land bt they didnt owned it jewsh were scarted over the world then arabs occupie jewsh land and owned it instead of using it as romans did in 19th century jewsh started going back to there land but they found arabs dominating the land.so thats just a skeloting you can dig dipper there a so many sources chief

Jews worship Queen of Heaven


"Then ... all the people who dwelt in Egypt ... answered Jeremiah: “We will not listen to you! We will ... burn incense to the Queen of Heaven and pour out drink offerings to her, as we have done, we and our fathers, our kings and our princes, in the cities of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem. For then we had plenty of food, were well-off, and saw no trouble."

– Jeremiah 44.15-17.


The rambling, repetitive book of Jeremiah is a collection of disparate material assembled no earlier than the 6th century BC.


Jews worship Tammuz


'Then he brought me to the door of the gate of the LORD's house which was toward the north; and, behold, there sat women weeping for Tammuz.'

– Ezekiel 8:14.


The Babylonian god actually gives his name to the 4th month of the Jewish religious year.


Jews Worship Anat-Bethel


Jewish mercenaries, garrisoned at Elephantine on the upper Nile from the early 7th century BC, maintained their own Temple.


As a "treasurer's report" records, the Judaean soldiers worshipped both Yahweh (Yahu) and his Canaanite girlfriend Anat, despite the prohibitions of Deuteronomy.

Mrs God


"At two sites, Kuntilet Ajrud in the southwestern part of the Negev hill region, and Khirbet el-Kom in the Judea piedmont, Hebrew inscriptions have been found that mention 'YHWH and his Asherah', 'YHWH Shomron and his Asherah', 'YHWH Teman and his Asherah'.


These inscriptions, from the 8th century BCE, raise the possibility that monotheism, as a state religion, is actually an innovation of the period of the Kingdom of Judea, following the destruction of the Kingdom of Israel."


– Ze'ev Herzog (Prof. Archaeology and Ancient Near Eastern Studies at Tel Aviv University)



Symbolically, Asherah was portrayed as a heifer and Yahweh as a bull.


First mention of Israelites by their neighbours

The Moabite Stele - Large slab of basalt that records King Mesha of Moab's defeat of Israel "which hath perished forever".


– 9th century BC (Louvre, Paris)



Back Projection ...


"The Bible writers projected backwards into time the kind of political rivalry that was happening in their own day [6th c BC] in order to explain that rivalry and perhaps justify the Israelite position over current border disputes."


Magnus Magnusson (The Archaeology of the Bible Lands - BC, p76)

 

[Djob Nkondo]

Maasai are referred as the lost tribe of Israel siku wakiamua kupinga udhalimu wanaofanyiwa msiwalaumu.