So, how long it took the inventors to invent the better technologies? Less than a year? Three months?
Zakumi,Mkandara,
Alichosikiliza kwa hao wanavijiji sio kipya. Kwani tayari researchers wa university of UDSM walichaandika. Ngoja nitoe nukuu ya researcher mmoja kutoka Mara.
"The officials decided that people should move immediately and so the police, army, national service, and militiamen [mgambo] were mobilized to move the people. People were ill-treated, harassed, punished in the name of TANU under socialism. And those who questioned it were told, this is Nyerere's order."
Researcher kutoka Iringa:
"To assure that people remained in the new villages, former houses were usually made inhabitable by ripping out doors and windows and kicking holes in the mud walls or by setting fire to the thatch roofs. In some cases grain stored in or near the house also caught fire and the family's food supply was destroyed."
Hayo ni maneno ya wanavyuoni wa Tanzania miaka ya 70.
wagumu kivipi wakati tunaziendeleza, tunapiga mikritiki ya nguvu ya jinsi mlivyowatesa wamaasai na wabarabaig!
Binafsi ningeomba debate hii iwe kwenye lugha ya Kiingereza kuwasaidia international reserchers wanaopotosha mambo mengi sababu ya kuzaliwa na chembechembe za u Capitalism wa kimarekani!
Kazi kwenu wanahistoria na hasa wanazuoni! Wapi Dr Kitila Mkumbo, Faiza Foxy and Kichuguu?
Zakumi,
The use of force was one of the main shortcomings.
I think incentives to move should've been created more than forcefuly dislocate the populations.
Kikawaida, watu huwa wanamove towards certain areas for some reaons, kwa dunia ya sasa, mostly ni economy and safety.
Kungekuwepo na mpango ama program maalum itakayoweza kuwastimulate wananchi,(kifikra), na wawe na ile urge to do so(migrating), ya kuwafanya watu wahamie through encouragements, maybe even incentives can be aplicable during the program implementations, na si kuwahamisha kwa nguvu kama mifugo.
The technology to preserve written work in digital format is already here. But Tanzanians are very slow to take advantage of it. So we don't need to reinvent the wheel.
There is a need to undertake a psychological preparation of the employees, so that they will not resist digitization of the library resources. There is also a need to retrain the workers [and probably make others redundant].
Creating a digital library is also a very expensive venture which requires adequate planning and monitoring. The major problem is lack of technical-know-how; hence most digitization projects often run into problems. There is a need to design flexible and compatible programs.
In addition, the interface should be user-friendly, so that users can search for information with ease. It is not all electronic copies of documents that will suit the application format, hence the need to take this into consideration during conversion or digitization exercises.
Data entry can be very rigorous and expensive, hence it is easier and cheaper to provide online links to existing digital libraries, rather than start a digital library afresh. This has its own limitations. It does not take care of local materials.
Developers need to bear in mind copyright laws, while digitizing or scanning. There is a need for permission from the publishers of materials to be digitized [For many you will have to pay them to publish their works]
JMush,
Nilitoa hizo quote mbili kuonyesha kuwa hao ni watanzania walioandika habari hizo. Hivyo literature zipo na waandishi watanzania wenyewe.
Nikirudi kwenye posti yako, unakanyaga land mines. Sasa hivi thread itabadilika. Ngoja tuendelee kiacademia-academia.
Despite the technology being there, there are still challenges. As Fabunmi, et al pointed out in their article on "Digitization of Library Resources: Challenges and Implications For Policy and Planning" (https://ojcs.siue.edu/ojs/index.php/ijaaas/article/viewFile/80/142)
Despite these challenges we need to move digital. That is is the way forward. Someone has started a campaign to digitalize Tanzanian musics of the 1960s and 1970s. This should be extended to written works as well.
This is what happens when an occident scholar writes oriental affairs in an occidental outlook!!
Edward Said (RIP) (thought to be the father of postcolonial theories/studies) wrote a book Orientalism in 1978. The book was a critic to the ways western scholars analyze and explain the Orient "Asia/Middle East and Africa's affairs in prejudiced discourses. Being a Palestinian-American was one of the influences for Said's Orientalism; the other influence being his work as a Professor of Literature at Columbia University, USA. In his book Prof. Said called for the "orients" Asian/African scholars to rewrite history from the point of the "orient" rather than the "occident", so as to challenge the prejudiced discourses about the orient which have been the "dominant/conventional explanations" for so long in the western academia.
The book is a classic reading for all orients who are involved in postcolonial studies and theories. It is a must-read book for us to understand what Rasmus is trying to convey. Although he was and still is heavily criticised, his book and work still have relevance to the oriental civilisation.
In addition, there is one French philosopher (although, he never agreed to be called a philosopher) called Michel Foucault (RIP), famous for his book The Archaeology of Knowledge (1969), who analysed and explained the concepts of power and truth. In that book, Foucault has critically discussed the relationship between truth, knowledge and power. He argues that, in this world, the powerful can create what is to be generally known as the truth, to those with no powers. Thus, truth and knowledge is the function of power. So people like Rasmus are using communication/media resources like blogs et al. to advance their occidental explanations their constructed truth about villagization studies in Tanzania. They are having occidental analysis and conclusion that, Tanzanian scholars havent sufficiently researched on villagization policy and its contemporary accounts.
It is therefore a challenge to us and mostly, to those involved in land issues etc. to heavily criticise Rasmus with scholarly explanations from the orient viewpoint. It could be better, if we could wait for his PhD to be approved, and then we start hurling missiles of criticisms to his blemished research and conclusion.
Education watakuja kweli?lol!Probably, I should have started this thread in the Education forum?
The paper was published in 2006. In computer world, a lot have been done, improved and discover since then. Just imagine, in 2006 YouTube was one year old and the guy who invented Facebook was still a high school student.
The only challenge I see is our will and determination.
Probably, I should have started this thread in the Education forum?
Yes, the paper was published in 2006, but the challenges are still relevant today. You will still have to undertake psychological preparation of the employees, especially those who will face the sack as the result of the digitization.
It is still every expensive to create digital library. Planning and monitoring are still required. In Tanzania we are still facing the problem of technical-know-how.
Developers still need to bear in mind copyright laws, while digitizing or scanning. They will still need permission from and most pay for the publishers of materials to be digitized.
I agree with you that to overcome these challenges we need strong will and determination. But when I look around I cannot see this will and determination. Yes, in computer world, a lot have been done, but how about in computer Tanzania? What have been done?
Digital Library is an extension of the old library. So the employees shouldn't worry much about their positions because they will continue to maintain old books.
There's a movement to provide computers to students of poor countries (One computer per child). Rwanda is in the process of implementing it. India has got her own initiative too.
My projection is in five years every student in high schools and high learning institutions will have a computer and access to the internet. The question is how these students are going to use their computers effectively if we don't have digital libraries?
Hii debate ni nzuri sana hasa inapogusa watafiti wafadhili/wafedhuli= huyo jamaa anayesoma PhD aliwahikufika moja ya maeneo aliyoambiwa na Ndugu Chambi lakini cha kushangaza badala ya kuuliza taarifa sahihi na kuingia library kusoma aliishia tu kuuliza oral questions na kusema asante na kuondoka, wakati hayo maeneo yameandikwa vizuri na wasomi mbalimbali na hata documentations za current waves juu ya athari za villagization.
Nafikiri kama gia ya thesis yake ililenga gaps that ujamaa haikuwa researched sana na hivyo thesis yake imecover zaidi then inabidi sasa afanye brashing ya thesis yake.
Kutumika kwa nguvu kwenye operation vijiji ndo jambo ambalo halikuwa jema kwenye issue nzima.Na hiii ni kwa mtizamo wangu tu.
Mwalimu alitumia characteristic ya kiualimu hapa wakati wa utekelezaji,(inaweza pia ikwa ya ki dictator).
Kama wanavyofanya walimu wa kitanzania kuwalazimishia wanafunzi kwa viboko tu na bila ya kuwaelewesha vyema, kwa kuamini tu ni wajinga...
Nadhani kungetumika mbinu nyingine ya tofauti na busara zaidi, maybe tungepiga hatua badala ya kubakia kwenye malalamiko ambapo yalikuwa mengi kutoka kwa wananchi waliohamishwa.