Wataalam wa network, Msaada tafadhali!!urgent

[Zasasule]

hello guys,
nimekuwa ni kitumia hii ping utility almost for a long time ila my question is how do i calculate RTT?(round trip time)
and what does TTL mean in ping?why do these TTL differ ukiwa unaping website tofauti tofauti?

tuseme mfano ukiwa unaping website tofauti tofauti u get different TTL as the results

natanguliza Shukrani

 

[Kang]

RTT inaandikwa kwenye ping results kwa mfana kwenye windows

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
    Minimum = 534ms, Maximum = 576ms, Average = 558ms

na individual RTT kwenye kila ping

Reply from 220.181.111.147: bytes=32 time=555ms TTL=46

TTL ni time to live, hii ni value ambayo inapunguzwa by 1 kwa kila hop (router) ping inayopita ndo maana inakuwa tofauti kwa sabau site tofauti unahitaji hops tofauti kuzifikia plus initial TTL value zinatofautiana.

So tuseme unaping Google, ping inatoka kwako inaenda hadi Google, google wanakutumia Ping reply (echo), ping hiyo inabeba initial TTL value fulani e.g 255 (Inategemea!) , kama unaping Google na kati yako na google kuna hops 10 basi TTL value utakayoiona wewe ni 245 (255-10).