Geza Ulole
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29th June 14
Tanzania 65th state in stability worldwide
Guardian on Sunday Correspondent
Tanzania has been ranked as 65th country in stability worldwide, in a ranking of fragility of governments and political systems, contained in the latest Failed State Index (FSI) report released on Thursday in Washington.
Other East African nations such Burundi, Kenya and Uganda featured badly in the report as their positions indicate that they are noticeably fragile.
The report compiled by a US non-governmental organization named Fund for Peace that sampled 178 countries in the world slotted Kenya at the 18th position followed by Burundi at the 21st position. Uganda was slotted at the 22nd spot while Rwanda has been placed at the 34th slot above the most failed states in the world.
Tanzania being slotted at the 65th position while Africa has the bulk of failed states around the world shows that it is among the top ten most stable countries in the continent.
Others in the list of top ten include Algeria, Tunisia, Namibia, Ghana, South Africa, Botswana, and Seychelles.
According to the report, Tanzania has maintained the position as it was ranked in the same spot in last years report, while Kenya improved by one position as last year it was ranked 17th. Burundi has also improved by one spot from ranking of 20 in the last report.
Countries branded as the most fragile states in the world are South Sudan, Somalia, Central African Republic, Congo DR and Sudan.
The report places a Very High Alert (VHA) comment on their political and security conditions.
The least fragile country, according to the report, is Finland categorised as very sustainable.
Twelve countries have been categorized as Sustainable. They are Sweden, Denmark, Norway, Switzerland, New Zealand, Luxembourg, Iceland, Ireland, Australia, Canada, Austria and Netherlands.
The reasons for state weakness or failure are complex but not unpredictable, the report reads in part.
Uganda Information Minister Ms Rosemary Namayanja spoke to the Saturday Monitor newspaper, dismissing the report saying the findings were unfounded and myopic.
We certainly cannot compare ourselves to Finland which is very sustainable but we are not doing badly either, Ms Namayanja was quoted by the newspaper.
We have many countries coming to Uganda to learn from our practices, so against that regard you cannot say we are a fragile state, the minister intoned.
The rankings are based on a countrys social, political, economic, poverty and military indices.
On social indicator issue analysed is demographic pressure which includes pressure on the population from disease and natural disasters, making it difficult for the government to protect citizens.
It may also demonstrate a lack of capacity for resolving pressures and instituting measures related to combating natural disasters, diseases, environmental pollution, food scarcity, malnutrition, water scarcity, population growth, mortality and the youth unemployment bulge.
Other social indicators are generation of refugees and pressure tied to population displacement. This strains public services and has the potential to pose a security threat including displacement, diseases related to displacement, refugees size as portion of population and absorption capacity, the report stated.
Other social indicators are group grievances that include discrimination, powerlessness, ethnic contentions, communal or sectarian grievances and religious violence, it said.
Emigration and brain drain are also part of strains in social indicators, where common migrations per size of population, along with human capital displacement by emigration of educated population are examined.
On economic indicators the focus is on uneven economic development when there are ethnic, religious or regional disparities, where the governing tends to be uneven in government commitment to the social contract.
Other economic factors are poverty and economic decline including income deficit, government debt, unemployment, purchasing power and inflation.
Under poverty and military indicators the focus is on state legitimacy, public services, human rights and the rule of law, whereas under state legitimacy the focus is on corruption, government effectiness, political participation and level of democracy.
Tied to these issues is the level of illicit economy, the drug trade, protests and demonstrations, power struggles and integrity of electral processes while under public service issues there is policing, crime, education provision, literacy, water and sanitation.
Infrastructure, quality and health care, telephone, internet access, energy relibiability and roads are also categorised in public service indicators.
Under human rights and the rule of law issues focused upon are press freedom, civil liberities, political expression, human trafficking, numbers of political prisoners, freedom of worhsip, along with prevalence of torture and executions, the report underlined.
Other political indicators are the habits of security apparatus, political groups and contentions in political parties and external intervention threats or realities.
The website of the Fund for Peace states that weak and failing states pose a challenge to the international community.
In todays world, with its highly globalized economy, information systems and interlaced security, pressures on one fragile state can have serious repercussions not only for that state and its people, but also for its neighbors and other states halfway across the globe, it emphasized.
GUARDIAN ON SUNDAY
Tanzania 65th state in stability worldwide
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