Tanzania on Top - Something to cheer about

[Kibunango]

unayo hiyo report?naiomba na mie niisome yote

Taarifa ya ripoti hiyo ni kama alivyoeweka MKJJ, na ipo online kupitia hapa aidha unaweza tafuta jarida la Lancet Vol 371 p127 ambapo imeelezwa kwa mapana na marefu.

 

[Mama]

he Lancet 2008; 371:1276-1283
DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60562-0

Articles

Child survival gains in Tanzania: analysis of data from demographic and health surveys

Honorati Masanja PhD email address a Corresponding Author Information, Prof Don de Savigny PhD a b, Paul Smithson MPH a, Joanna Schellenberg PhD a c, Theopista John MSc d, Conrad Mbuya MPH e, Gabriel Upunda MPH e, Ties Boerma PhD f, Prof Cesar Victora PhD g, Prof Tom Smith PhD b and Hassan Mshinda PhD a
Summary
Background

A recent national survey in Tanzania reported that mortality in children younger than 5 years dropped by 24% over the 5 years between 2000 and 2004. We aimed to investigate yearly changes to identify what might have contributed to this reduction and to investigate the prospects for meeting the Millennium Development Goal for child survival (MDG 4).
Methods

We analysed data from the four demographic and health surveys done in Tanzania since 1990 to generate estimates of mortality in children younger than 5 years for every 1-year period before each survey back to 1990. We estimated trends in mortality between 1990 and 2004 by fitting Lowess regression, and forecasted trends in mortality in 2005 to 2015. We aimed to investigate contextual factors, whether part of Tanzania's health system or not, that could have affected child mortality.
Findings

Disaggregated estimates of mortality showed a sharp acceleration in the reduction in mortality in children younger than 5 years in Tanzania between 2000 and 2004. In 1990, the point estimate of mortality was 141·5 (95% CI 141·5–141·5) deaths per 1000 livebirths. This was reduced by 40%, to reach a point estimate of 83·2 (95% CI 70·1–96·3) deaths per 1000 livebirths in 2004. The change in absolute risk was 58·4 (95% CI 32·7–83·8; p<0·0001). Between 1999 and 2004 we noted important improvements in Tanzania's health system, including doubled public expenditure on health; decentralisation and sector-wide basket funding; and increased coverage of key child-survival interventions, such as integrated management of childhood illness, insecticide-treated nets, vitamin A supplementation, immunisation, and exclusive breastfeeding. Other determinants of child survival that are not related to the health system did not change between 1999 and 2004, except for a slow increase in the HIV/AIDS burden.
Interpretation

Tanzania could attain MDG 4 if this trend of improved child survival were to be sustained. Investment in health systems and scaling up interventions can produce rapid gains in child survival.
Funding


Asante Kibunango. Nimeipata lakini haina details nyingi hasa methodology. Nimepata contact za corresponding author nitamcontact.


Government of Norway.
Affiliations

a. Ifakara Health Research and Development Centre, Ifakara, Tanzania
b. Swiss Tropical Institute, Basel, Switzerland
c. London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
d. World Health Organization, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
e. Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
f. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
g. University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil

Corresponding Author InformationCorrespondence to: Honorati Masanja, Ifakara Health Research and Development Centre, Kiko Avenue, Plot N 463, Mikocheni, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

hmasanja@ihrdc.or.tz

 

[Bikirembwe]

he Lancet 2008; 371:1276-1283
DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60562-0

Articles

Child survival gains in Tanzania: analysis of data from demographic and health surveys

Honorati Masanja PhD email address a Corresponding Author Information, Prof Don de Savigny PhD a b, Paul Smithson MPH a, Joanna Schellenberg PhD a c, Theopista John MSc d, Conrad Mbuya MPH e, Gabriel Upunda MPH e, Ties Boerma PhD f, Prof Cesar Victora PhD g, Prof Tom Smith PhD b and Hassan Mshinda PhD a
Summary
Background

A recent national survey in Tanzania reported that mortality in children younger than 5 years dropped by 24% over the 5 years between 2000 and 2004. We aimed to investigate yearly changes to identify what might have contributed to this reduction and to investigate the prospects for meeting the Millennium Development Goal for child survival (MDG 4).
Methods

We analysed data from the four demographic and health surveys done in Tanzania since 1990 to generate estimates of mortality in children younger than 5 years for every 1-year period before each survey back to 1990. We estimated trends in mortality between 1990 and 2004 by fitting Lowess regression, and forecasted trends in mortality in 2005 to 2015. We aimed to investigate contextual factors, whether part of Tanzania's health system or not, that could have affected child mortality.
Findings

Disaggregated estimates of mortality showed a sharp acceleration in the reduction in mortality in children younger than 5 years in Tanzania between 2000 and 2004. In 1990, the point estimate of mortality was 141·5 (95% CI 141·5–141·5) deaths per 1000 livebirths. This was reduced by 40%, to reach a point estimate of 83·2 (95% CI 70·1–96·3) deaths per 1000 livebirths in 2004. The change in absolute risk was 58·4 (95% CI 32·7–83·8; p<0·0001). Between 1999 and 2004 we noted important improvements in Tanzania's health system, including doubled public expenditure on health; decentralisation and sector-wide basket funding; and increased coverage of key child-survival interventions, such as integrated management of childhood illness, insecticide-treated nets, vitamin A supplementation, immunisation, and exclusive breastfeeding. Other determinants of child survival that are not related to the health system did not change between 1999 and 2004, except for a slow increase in the HIV/AIDS burden.
Interpretation

Tanzania could attain MDG 4 if this trend of improved child survival were to be sustained. Investment in health systems and scaling up interventions can produce rapid gains in child survival.
Funding


Asante Kibunango. Nimeipata lakini haina details nyingi hasa methodology. Nimepata contact za corresponding author nitamcontact.


Government of Norway.
Affiliations

a. Ifakara Health Research and Development Centre, Ifakara, Tanzania
b. Swiss Tropical Institute, Basel, Switzerland
c. London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
d. World Health Organization, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
e. Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
f. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
g. University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil

Corresponding Author InformationCorrespondence to: Honorati Masanja, Ifakara Health Research and Development Centre, Kiko Avenue, Plot N 463, Mikocheni, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

hmasanja@ihrdc.or.tz

Hii ni sawa Mkuu umegusia kitu muhimu kwani bila ya kufahamu Methodology validation ya hizi findings itakuwa una mashaka. Kwanza hizo data wamekusanya wapi kwani naamini kuna mama na dada zetu kibao wanajifungulia majumbani na vichana vingi vinakufa bila ya kupatikana taarifa. Isiwe sample ya Tanzania imechukuliwa katika hospitali za rufaa na mikoa tu.

Kuna haja ya kufatilia zaidi kwani ni habari njema ikiwa ni kweli lakini kama Waswahili wasemavyo Ukiumwa na nyoka ukiona unyasi unashtuka - jamaa wameshatufikisha pabaya hatuamini hata ukweli wa Kisayansi.

 

[Allah's Slave]

Just one of many useful things Benjamin William Mkapa did for his Country. He saved a lot of lives during his time. You will be remebered for this mr president. May god grant you a peaceful and quite retirement. Those who survived as a result of your policies may never be able to say their thanks. On behalf of all Tanzanians I would like to thank you for being our president during 1995- 2005.

 

[BAK]

Hizi sentensi ndio zinaleta utata as zimekaa kufagiliafagilia mno

Kama hii ni kweli mbona bado wagonjwa wengi wanalala chini au kushare kitanda mpaka wagonjwa 7 wakiwamo mama wajawazito? Mnakumbuka kichaka alipokuwa ziarani Tanzania na kupangiwa kutembelea hospitali ya Amana pale Ilala ghafla bin vu hospitali ikapakwa rangi na wagonjwa wote kupewa sare mpya na kila mgonjwa kupewa kitanda chake? Walikuwa wanamdanganya nani?

Mbona bado hospitali zetu hazina madawa na madaktari wengi wanaondoka nchini na vifaa pia bado ni duni sana au hakuna?

Inakuwaje kama kuna improvement hiyo bado vingunge wote wanatibiwa nje ya nchi?
Hiyo nyongeza ilitumika wapi au iliongezeka kwa kupeleka vingunge wengi na familia zao kutibiwa nje?

 

[Jamco_Za]

Ahaaa haaa, I can understand Mama. Lakini Lancet ni jarida zito na ni moja kati ya majarida yanayoheshimika sana duniani katika anga za tafiti kuhusu mambo ya afya. Kwa wale wanaojua mambo ya haya majarida wataelewa nikiwaambia kwamba impact factor ya hii journal ni zaidi ya 28! Kwa hiyo, yeah, kama alivyosema MKJJ inaeleweka tukiwa na doubt na kila kitu, lakini kama habari imechapishwa na hili jarida basi tuna sababu zaidi ya kuiamini kuliko kuishuku, but I am not sure if it is something that I should be cheering about!

Hawa wamepima kwa kutumia goverment spending au wametumia vifaa na madawa yaliyo wakilishwa kwenye Hospitali maana kuna issue ya kuforge rist, kuna issue ya kuifrate prices and the same tunaomba maelezo zaidi.

 

[Ben Saanane]

Mimi natoa pongezi kwa serikali.kwa kweli nawapongeza sana kwa hilo sasa tupatebunafuu wa wa uchumi na kasi ya kukabiliana na mafisadi iaenze pia haki za watu ni muhimu sambamba na kutekeleza demokrasia ya kweli.Pia tusisahau tunahitaji siasa safi

 

[Mwakilishi]

Someone once said if you torture the statistics long enough, they'll eventually confess to just about anything, and I think this report fits the bill.

 

[MamaParoko]

yaani safari hii mbona mnakomaa nao, hamuwapatii hatupenyo wa kutokea, kila ishu wanapumuliwa shingoni, ningekuwa mimi fisadi nishajichotea "vijisenti" vyangu ningeenda kuweka makao yangu huko karibian ni enjoy matunda ya ufisadi. Oh before I forget hii neno vijisenti lishakuwa maarufu mjini, mafisadi kwa kuja na catch phrase tu, hawajambo.

 

[Mwanagenzi]

Hao jamaa wa Ifakara wanaheshimika kwa tafiti za afya duniani, kwa hilo sina shaka. Binafsi punguzo hilo (24%) kwa miaka minne si kubwa sana kwa kuangalia ukubwa wa tatizo lililopo. Wakati wa birthday ye Nyerere April mwaka 1999 (77 years), Diamond Jubilee, alionyesha masikitiko yake kuhusu ukweli kwamba Watanzania wengi wanakufa wakiwa watoto...na kwamba yeye alijihesabu mwenye bahati kuweza kuwa hai mpaka kufikisha umri huo wa miaka 77, na kwamba alikuwa anakula pensheni ya wastani wa umri wa Mtanzania kuishi.

Ni kweli pia sasa Watanzania (na Waafrika)tumefikishwa hapo tulipo kiasi kwamba hatujiamini kwa chochote.

Ninafahamu pia kuwa wakati mwingine hawa wafadhili wetu wanatumia takwimu, hata za kubuni, ili kuonyesha kuwa tuna matatizo makubwa sana na kwamba lazima watusaidie, iwe ni katika afya, UKIMWI na umaskini kwa ujumla. Ndiyo maana, pamoja na umaskini wetu, mimi siamini kwamba Tanzania ni moja ya mataifa maskini kabisa Afrika. Ni maskini lakini si kwa kiwango cha kutisha kuliko nchi nyingi hususan karibu na Sahel. Lakini tumelazimishwa tuamini kuwa sisi ni maskini, na ndiyo maana hata viongozi wetu wanadhani Wakoloni wetu watatuokoa kutoka katika lindi la umaskini. Pamoja na rushwa zetu na matatizo kibao wanang'ang'ania kutusaidia:why? kwani nini shemejiiii!

 

[Tuandamane]

LET'S hear it for Tanzania. Despite being one of the world's poorest nations, it has become a role model in how to reach global targets for reducing death rates of children and mothers - putting most of its poor African neighbours to shame. So says the World Health Organization.

Reports released last week in The Lancet (vol 371, p 1276) and this week at a summit in Cape Town, South Africa, show that of the 68 nations that account for 97 per cent of the world's childhood and maternal deaths, only 16 are on track to meet Millennium Development Goals to cut deaths in children under 5 by two-thirds, and maternal deaths by three-quarters between 1990 and 2015.

Tanzania has succeeded through political leadership, the WHO says. Between 1999 and 2004 its government increased the annual amount spent on healthcare per citizen from $4.70 to $11.70. No other African governments matched this. Moreover, the money was spent evenly around the country, eliminating disparities that once favoured richer districts. "You don't need to be a rich country to reach the targets," says Anne Mason of the WHO.

“We've shown that you don't need to be a rich country to reach the targets”As a result, child mortality fell by 11 per cent per year between 2000 and 2005, compared with just 1.4 per cent per year between 1990 and 1999. "With the current trend, Tanzania can reach the target for children," says Mason. Tanzania must do more to tackle deaths of newborns and maternal deaths, but targets for these can be reached too, she says.

My Take:

If we want, we can do it! so lets go and do it...

Zinafika kwa walengwa kweli hizi pesa?????

 

[Mwanamalundi]

Maelfu ya wanawake, watoto hufa kwa uzazi na malaria- JK

2008-04-24 11:10:46
Na Mwandishi Wetu


Rais Jakaya Kikwete, amesema kila mwaka Tanzania inapoteza wanawake 8,100 pamoja na watoto 45,000 kutokana na matatizo ya uzazi na malaria.

Aliyasema hayo juzi akiwa na mgeni wake Waziri Mkuu wa Norway Bw. Jens Stoltenberg na kuongeza kuwa nchi tano za Afrika ikiwemo Tanzania zina kiwango kikubwa cha vifo vya wazazi na watoto.

Alisema wananawake hao hupoteza maisha wakati wanapojifungua wakati watoto hufa kutokana na lishe duni na kukosa huduma za kitaalamu wakati wa kuzaliwa.

Aidha, alisema vifo vya watoto na wanawake vinazuilika hivyo serikali inafanya jitihada mbalimbali katika kupambana na hali hiyo.

Alisema ikiwa matatizo ya vifo hivyo yakichelewa kushughulikiwa yatasababisha viongezeke zaidi.

SOURCE: Nipashe