Suley2019
JF-Expert Member
- Oct 7, 2019
- 1,803
- 4,464
Salaam Wakuu,
kama mnavyojua kama binadaamu tuwapo hai basi kuna uwezekano wa kupata ajali au tatizo lolote muda wowote. Baadhi ya matatizo yanaweza kutupata kwa kutarajia na mengine yanaweza kutupata kwa bahati mbaya. Miongoni mwa ajali za kawaida tunazoweza kukutana nazo katika mazingira yetu ni pamoja na kung'atwa na wadudu mbalimbali au viumbe wengine wenye sumu.
Matukio mengi ya kuumwa au kung’atwa na viumbe husababisha maumivu lakini siyo hatari, na hata viumbe hatari kawaida haviachii sumu ya kutosha kuua binadamu. Kuwa mtulivu na tazama sehemu iliyojeruhiwa. Kama hakuna matatizo au matatizo yenyewe yanapungua baada ya saa chache (kutegemea na kiumbe) hakuna sababu ya kuwa na wasiwasi. Kwa watoto wadogo,hasa kutokana na umri wao, sumu inaweza kuwaathiri na kusababisha madhara makubwa zaidi. Hivyo wanahitaji msaada zaidi na wa haraka.
Usitoboe au kuchana wazi sehemu ulioumwa au kung’atwa au kujaribu kufyonza nje sumu. Pia, toniketi (bandeji au mpira unaofungwa sehemu Fulani ya mwili kudhibiti mzunguko wa damu) hazitasaidia kuzuia sumu kusambaa, lakini zitasababisha madhara mabaya zaidi.
Leo katika pitapita zangu mitandaoni nikakuta makala hii imeandaliwa na sw.hesperian.org ikielezea huduma ya kwanza na mambo ya msingi unayoweza kufanya pindi unapopata ajali ya kuumwa na wadudu au viumbe wengine wa hatari. twende pamoja hapo chini:
Mwambie majeruhi kusukutua maji mdomoni na kutema kwenye bakuli jeupe au lenye uwezo wa kuonesha rangi halisi ya maji yatakayotoka mdomoni. Kama maji yaliyotemwa yataonekana pinki au yenye damudamu, ni dalili kwamba fizi zimeanza kutoa damu. Hii ni dalili ya hatari.
Aina nyingi za nyoka wenye sumu kali wakiwemo viper na baadhi ya Kobra hudhuru tu mahali wanapouma lakini hawasababishi matatizo kwenye mwili mzima. Kwa nyoka hao, usifunge na kufunika jeraha.
Kwa nyoka wengi wenye sumu, kuna dawa ambazo zinaweza kusaidia kudhibiti sumu. Kama utapata msaada wa kitabibu, elezea kadri uwezavyo ni nyoka wa aina gani ili dawa sahihi ya kudhibiti sumu ya nyoka iweze kutumika. Kama inawezekana hakikisha una dawa ya sumu ya aina za nyoka wanaopatikana sana eneo lako katika sanduku lako la akiba ya dawa kabla dharura kama hizo hazijatokea.
Kwa ajili ya Kobra mwenye asili ya kutema sumu: tiririsha maji mengi machoni. Kama huna maji au maziwa bia inaweza kutumika. Usitumie kemikali zinazowasha sana.
Chatu huwa hawana sumu, lakini wanapong’ata wanaweza kusababisha maambukizi makali ya ngozi. Chunguza kidonda na kama kuna dalili ya maambukizi— wekundu kuongezeka, joto kuongezeka, kuvimba, au usaha, toa matibabu yanayostahili kwa kidonda ambacho kimepata maambukizi. Mara chache nyoka hao husababisha majeraha kwa kujiviringisha juu ya mwili wa mtu na kumkamua.
Kama eneo la jeraha linaonesha meno ya nyoka yalipoingilia, basi nyoka huyu ana sumu. Kama hakuna alama za meno ya nyoka, kuna uwezekano mdogo kwamba nyoka huyu ana sumu, lakini anaweza kuwa na sumu.
===
How are snake bites treated?
First and foremost, seek immediate medical attention. This means call 911 or emergency services as soon as you can, because even if the bite isn’t that painful initially, you still need to treat it as if it’s potentially life-threatening. Properly identifying the snake can help with the treatment, though it’s very difficult to do so. Also be sure to take the following steps immediately:
While these are all useful precautionary measures, the ultimate treatment for a snake bite is antivenom. Try to get the victim of the bite antivenom as quick as possible. Knowing the size, color and shape of the snake can help your doctor determine which antivenom is best for that particular situation.
Fun fact: Antivenoms are created by immunizing horses or sheep with the venom of a particular snake. Their blood serum (the watery part of the blood) is then processed, as it will contain antibodies capable of neutralizing the effects of venom. There are antivenoms that treat bites from a specific type of snake (monospecific antivenoms) and also those that treat bites from a number of snakes found in a particular geographic region (polyspecific antivenoms).
The antivenom will be given either in an injection or through an IV (through a needle in the arm), so that it can take action as quickly as possible. While either of these methods may produce side effects, they’ve proven to be the most effective. One of those side effects is serum sickness disease, which can appear four to 10 days after receiving the antivenom. If you experience any of the following symptoms, you should contact your healthcare provider or doctor to ask about serum sickness disease:
A snake bite can cause people to panic and act irrationally. Even so, there are certain things you should avoid doing immediately following a snake bite, including:
In most cases, you’ll need to stay in the hospital for at least 24 hours, so that doctors can monitor your blood pressure and overall health. If your blood pressure dips below a certain level, you may need IV fluids (through a needle in the arm). If the bite caused a larger-than-normal loss of blood, a blood transfusion may be necessary.
Since antivenom has potential side effects, you’ll also need to be monitored. Because of this fact, only trained medical professionals should give antivenom to patients. The amount of time it takes to completely recover depends on the kind of snake bite. In most cases, children can recover from a bite from an adder in one to two weeks. Most adults take more than three weeks, but 25% of patients need anywhere from one to nine months. Pain and swelling are common long-lasting effects in the area of the body where the bite occurred.
Ingawa wanaweza kusababisha maumivu makali, matukio mengi ya kuumwa na buibui na ng’e hayasababishi madhara makubwa au madhara ya muda mrefu. Usiitikise sehemu iliyoumia na tumia barafu au maji baridi kupunguza maumivu. Usikate au kuchana wazi sehemu ya jeraha au kufunga sehemu hiyo kwa kutumia toniketi au bandeji. Joto halisaidii, lakini kutoitikisa sehemu ya jeraha husaidia.
Kama unajua kuwa aina ya buibui au ng’e aliyemuuma ni hatari, au kama baada ya kuuma kuna dalili za matatizo kama vile maumivu ya tumbo, mwasho, kutokwa jasho, na shida katika kupumua, basi tafuta msaada wa kitabibu. Huenda kukawa na dawa dhidi ya sumu hiyo.
Kwa ajili ya matukio ya kunga’twa na buibui na ng’e hatari, unaweza kumpa majeruhi diazipamu kuzuia misuli kukakamaa na pia kumtuliza mgonjwa wakati mnafanya maandalizi ya kwenda hospitali au kituo cha afya.
Spider bites are rare, usually harmless, and do not always require medical attention. Some home remedies that might help include turmeric paste and aloe vera.
Although some spider bites can be extremely painful and require medical treatment, most just cause a mild stinging sensation. In these instances, washing the bite with soap and water before applying ice can help with the pain.
Continue reading to learn more about different types of spiders, how to handle a bite, and some useful home remedies to try.
Bites from nonvenomous spiders rarely need medical attention. As mentioned above, people can often relieve the symptoms of a nonvenomous spider bite with:
Turmeric paste
One review study indicates that turmeric has anti-inflammatory properties that could provide symptom relief.
However, the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH) state that, at present, there are no strong studies to support claims that compounds with turmeric can help with inflammation.
Turmeric is available in a variety of forms, including capsules and powder. A person can make turmeric powder into a paste and apply it to the bite.
Aloe vera
According to one study, aloe vera has antioxidant and antibacterial properties. It also has many other benefits and may reduce pain and swelling from a spider bite.
Historically, many people have used aloe vera to treat wounds. However, the NCCIH state that, at present, there is not enough high-quality scientific evidence to support the use of aloe vera to heal wounds.
If someone wishes to try this remedy, they can apply an aloe vera gel directly on to the bite and surrounding skin.
If a poisonous spider bites a person, they must follow the same immediate steps as above, but may also require medical attention. Contact a doctor or poison control center as soon as possible.
Infants, children, and pregnant women should always seek emergency care for a venomous spider bite.
Symptoms
Symptoms of a venomous spider bite may include a red mark or small pimple-like bump. There will usually be pain and swelling at the wound. The bite may also feel itchy.
In some cases, venomous spider bites can cause more severe symptoms. These include:
Symptoms can be more severe in infants and children. For example, they could experience weakness, joint pain, and seizures, depending on which spider bit them.
Death from venomous spider bites is rare but can occur, especially if the person does not seek treatment.
Medical treatment
Medical treatment for a spider bite depends on the type of spider. It typically involves cleaning and elevating the wound, using cold packs, and a tetanus vaccination booster.
The doctor will check for signs of infection and necrosis. Prescription antibiotics may be necessary if an infection develops.
Depending on the spider, children, pregnant women, and older adults may require antivenom treatment. People with severe symptoms should also take antivenom treatment.
When to see a doctor
Anyone who has been bitten by a venomous spider should contact a doctor for treatment. Contact emergency services for any bites that occur with the following symptoms:
There are over 40,000 species of spiders worldwide, but only a minority bite human skin. Three venomous spiders live in the United States:
Most spiders are not usually aggressive. Most bites occur when people accidentally disturb a spider, or the spider feels threatened. For example, a bite may occur when putting on clothes or shoes with spiders in them.
Typically, spiders stay out of sight, usually in dark crevices and covered areas. Ways to avoid being bitten by a spider include:
Spider bites are rare and generally harmless. Most people will experience some mild pain and a slight redness around the bite. Only a handful of spiders around the world can cause significant harm to humans.
Baada ya kuumwa na nyuki, angalia kama mwiba wake umebaki kwenye ngozi na kuuondoa haraka iwezekanavyo. Eneo inayozunguka sehemu ya jeraha inaweza kuwa na wekundu, kuvimba na kutoa maumivu. Kuweka mgando wa amira na maji, au kitu kingine baridi kwenye eneo husika, kutasaidia kudhibiti uvimbe na maumivu.
Mzio mkali kuhusiana na matukio ya kuumwa na nyuki au nyigu ni nadra, lakini unaweza kuhatarisha maisha.
Ingiza sehemu iliyoumia kwenye maji ya moto kwa dakika 20 kupunguza maumivu, lakini hakikisha kuwa hayaunguzi. Hii inaweza kusaidia zaidi kutuliza majeraha kutokana na samaki wanaochoma kuliko yavuyavu.
Kuna tiba nyingi za asili lakini siyo zote hufanya kazi dhidi ya madhara ya aina zote za samaki au yavuyavu. Kwa mfano, mashambulizi ya samaki wengine yanaweza kutulizwa kwa kuosha na siki (vinegar). Lakini siki huzidisha madhara ya mashambulio ya aina zingine za yavuyavu. Papai au vilainisha nyama ni vitulizo muhimu v ya maumivu kutokana na mashambulizi ya yavuyavu,. Papai au vilainisha nyama ni vitulizo muhimu vya maumivu kutokana na mashambulizi ya yavuyavu, lakini siyo kwa aina zote za yavuyavu na wakati mwingine vinaweza kuzidisha maumivu.
Mhimize atumie na kutembeza viungo vyake —tofauti na matukio ya kung’atwa na nyoka au buibui, kutuliza kiungo bila mtikisiko hakusaidii. Tafuta msaada wa kitabibu kama kutakuwa na matatizo ya kupumua au iwapo dalili zitazidi kuwa mbaya.
TANBIHI
Inawezekana kabisa makala hii imeacha baadhi ya mambo mengi muhimu yanayopaswa kufanywa ili kukabiliana na sumu za wadudu au viumbe hawa hatari. Hivyo, karibuni kwa nyongeza na michango mingine kuhusu namna ya kukabiliana na hali ya kung'atwa na wadudu na sampuli ya aina hii ili kwa pamoja tupate kunufaika.
Wasalaam
PIA SOMA:
= > Fahamu aina tano za sumu ya Nyoka na matibabu yake
kama mnavyojua kama binadaamu tuwapo hai basi kuna uwezekano wa kupata ajali au tatizo lolote muda wowote. Baadhi ya matatizo yanaweza kutupata kwa kutarajia na mengine yanaweza kutupata kwa bahati mbaya. Miongoni mwa ajali za kawaida tunazoweza kukutana nazo katika mazingira yetu ni pamoja na kung'atwa na wadudu mbalimbali au viumbe wengine wenye sumu.
Matukio mengi ya kuumwa au kung’atwa na viumbe husababisha maumivu lakini siyo hatari, na hata viumbe hatari kawaida haviachii sumu ya kutosha kuua binadamu. Kuwa mtulivu na tazama sehemu iliyojeruhiwa. Kama hakuna matatizo au matatizo yenyewe yanapungua baada ya saa chache (kutegemea na kiumbe) hakuna sababu ya kuwa na wasiwasi. Kwa watoto wadogo,hasa kutokana na umri wao, sumu inaweza kuwaathiri na kusababisha madhara makubwa zaidi. Hivyo wanahitaji msaada zaidi na wa haraka.
Usitoboe au kuchana wazi sehemu ulioumwa au kung’atwa au kujaribu kufyonza nje sumu. Pia, toniketi (bandeji au mpira unaofungwa sehemu Fulani ya mwili kudhibiti mzunguko wa damu) hazitasaidia kuzuia sumu kusambaa, lakini zitasababisha madhara mabaya zaidi.
Leo katika pitapita zangu mitandaoni nikakuta makala hii imeandaliwa na sw.hesperian.org ikielezea huduma ya kwanza na mambo ya msingi unayoweza kufanya pindi unapopata ajali ya kuumwa na wadudu au viumbe wengine wa hatari. twende pamoja hapo chini:
Kung’atwa na nyoka
- Jiondoe kwenye nyoka. Baadhi ya nyoka wanaweza kung’ata ndani ya dakika chache hata baada ya kufa.
- Ondoa vito au nguo zote karibu na jeraha kwa sababu mwili unaweza kuvimba.
- Weka sehemu ya jeraha chini ya usawa wa moyo. Halafu tuliza sehemu ya jeraha kwa kufunga kitambaa cha kuishikilia sehemu yenye jeraha au ubao ili kupunguza kutikisika. Kutumia misuli au kuitembeza huchangia sumu kusambaa.
- Polepole safisha kidonda. Usipanguse.
- Kwa aina nyingi za nyoka, au kama hujui alikuwa nyoka wa aina gani, angalia na kusubiri kwa dakika chache. Kama kuna uvimbe mdogo au hakuna uvimbe wowote, maumivu, au wekundu, hakuna tatizo. Dalili za hatari zinajumwisha kuvimba sana au maumivu makali, kusikia kichwa kizito sawa na mtu anayetoka usingizini, vigubiko vya macho kuinama, kizunguzungu, udhaifu, kichefuchefu, au kutokwa damu puani au mdomoni.
Mwambie majeruhi kusukutua maji mdomoni na kutema kwenye bakuli jeupe au lenye uwezo wa kuonesha rangi halisi ya maji yatakayotoka mdomoni. Kama maji yaliyotemwa yataonekana pinki au yenye damudamu, ni dalili kwamba fizi zimeanza kutoa damu. Hii ni dalili ya hatari.
Kwa aina ya nyoka wafuatao, funga eneo la jeraha na kukaza:
- Nyoka waishio kwenye mawe na matumbawe(coral snakes)
- Hongo (mamba)
- Nyoka wengi wenye asili ya Amerika ya Kusini
- Nyoka wa kwenye maji (sea snakes)
- Aina nyingi za Kobra – zenye sumu zinazoathiri mwili mzima.
| Funga kwa kukaza — kusimamisha sumu kusambaa, lakini siyo kukaza sana ambako kunaweza kuzuia damu kutembea.Jaribu kuhisi mapigo ya moyo chini ya bandeji uliyofunga juu ya sehemu ya jeraha. | |
| Tumia ubao kusaidia kiungo kisitikisike. | 
|
Aina nyingi za nyoka wenye sumu kali wakiwemo viper na baadhi ya Kobra hudhuru tu mahali wanapouma lakini hawasababishi matatizo kwenye mwili mzima. Kwa nyoka hao, usifunge na kufunika jeraha.
Kwa nyoka wengi wenye sumu, kuna dawa ambazo zinaweza kusaidia kudhibiti sumu. Kama utapata msaada wa kitabibu, elezea kadri uwezavyo ni nyoka wa aina gani ili dawa sahihi ya kudhibiti sumu ya nyoka iweze kutumika. Kama inawezekana hakikisha una dawa ya sumu ya aina za nyoka wanaopatikana sana eneo lako katika sanduku lako la akiba ya dawa kabla dharura kama hizo hazijatokea.
Kwa ajili ya Kobra mwenye asili ya kutema sumu: tiririsha maji mengi machoni. Kama huna maji au maziwa bia inaweza kutumika. Usitumie kemikali zinazowasha sana.
Chatu huwa hawana sumu, lakini wanapong’ata wanaweza kusababisha maambukizi makali ya ngozi. Chunguza kidonda na kama kuna dalili ya maambukizi— wekundu kuongezeka, joto kuongezeka, kuvimba, au usaha, toa matibabu yanayostahili kwa kidonda ambacho kimepata maambukizi. Mara chache nyoka hao husababisha majeraha kwa kujiviringisha juu ya mwili wa mtu na kumkamua.
Kama eneo la jeraha linaonesha meno ya nyoka yalipoingilia, basi nyoka huyu ana sumu. Kama hakuna alama za meno ya nyoka, kuna uwezekano mdogo kwamba nyoka huyu ana sumu, lakini anaweza kuwa na sumu.
===
How are snake bites treated?
First and foremost, seek immediate medical attention. This means call 911 or emergency services as soon as you can, because even if the bite isn’t that painful initially, you still need to treat it as if it’s potentially life-threatening. Properly identifying the snake can help with the treatment, though it’s very difficult to do so. Also be sure to take the following steps immediately:
- Remove any jewelry or watches, as these could cut into the skin if swelling occurs.
- Keep the area of the bite below the heart in order to slow the spread of venom through the bloodstream.
- Remain still and calm. If you can, roll over to your side and rest in the recovery position. Moving around a lot will cause the venom to spread faster through the body.
- Cover the bite with a clean, dry bandage. Try to use a pressure immobilization bandage if you can. This type of bandage should be tightly wrapped around the bite. Then, wrap another bandage around the entire limb, so that it’s immobilized.
While these are all useful precautionary measures, the ultimate treatment for a snake bite is antivenom. Try to get the victim of the bite antivenom as quick as possible. Knowing the size, color and shape of the snake can help your doctor determine which antivenom is best for that particular situation.
Fun fact: Antivenoms are created by immunizing horses or sheep with the venom of a particular snake. Their blood serum (the watery part of the blood) is then processed, as it will contain antibodies capable of neutralizing the effects of venom. There are antivenoms that treat bites from a specific type of snake (monospecific antivenoms) and also those that treat bites from a number of snakes found in a particular geographic region (polyspecific antivenoms).
The antivenom will be given either in an injection or through an IV (through a needle in the arm), so that it can take action as quickly as possible. While either of these methods may produce side effects, they’ve proven to be the most effective. One of those side effects is serum sickness disease, which can appear four to 10 days after receiving the antivenom. If you experience any of the following symptoms, you should contact your healthcare provider or doctor to ask about serum sickness disease:
- Rashes.
- Itching.
- Joint pain.
- Fever.
- Kidney failure.
- Swollen lymph nodes.
A snake bite can cause people to panic and act irrationally. Even so, there are certain things you should avoid doing immediately following a snake bite, including:
- Don’t pick up the snake or try to wrap it up or kill it, as this will increase your chance of getting bitten again. Even dead snakes can bite.
- Don’t apply a tourniquet.
- Don’t cut into the wound at all.
- Don’t try to suck out the venom.
- Don’t apply ice or use water to submerge the wound.
- Don’t drink alcohol.
- Don’t drink beverages with caffeine.
- Don’t take any pain-relieving medication, such as ibuprofen (Advil®, Acetaminophen®).
In most cases, you’ll need to stay in the hospital for at least 24 hours, so that doctors can monitor your blood pressure and overall health. If your blood pressure dips below a certain level, you may need IV fluids (through a needle in the arm). If the bite caused a larger-than-normal loss of blood, a blood transfusion may be necessary.
Since antivenom has potential side effects, you’ll also need to be monitored. Because of this fact, only trained medical professionals should give antivenom to patients. The amount of time it takes to completely recover depends on the kind of snake bite. In most cases, children can recover from a bite from an adder in one to two weeks. Most adults take more than three weeks, but 25% of patients need anywhere from one to nine months. Pain and swelling are common long-lasting effects in the area of the body where the bite occurred.
Buibui na ng’e
Ingawa wanaweza kusababisha maumivu makali, matukio mengi ya kuumwa na buibui na ng’e hayasababishi madhara makubwa au madhara ya muda mrefu. Usiitikise sehemu iliyoumia na tumia barafu au maji baridi kupunguza maumivu. Usikate au kuchana wazi sehemu ya jeraha au kufunga sehemu hiyo kwa kutumia toniketi au bandeji. Joto halisaidii, lakini kutoitikisa sehemu ya jeraha husaidia.
Kama unajua kuwa aina ya buibui au ng’e aliyemuuma ni hatari, au kama baada ya kuuma kuna dalili za matatizo kama vile maumivu ya tumbo, mwasho, kutokwa jasho, na shida katika kupumua, basi tafuta msaada wa kitabibu. Huenda kukawa na dawa dhidi ya sumu hiyo.
Kwa ajili ya matukio ya kunga’twa na buibui na ng’e hatari, unaweza kumpa majeruhi diazipamu kuzuia misuli kukakamaa na pia kumtuliza mgonjwa wakati mnafanya maandalizi ya kwenda hospitali au kituo cha afya.
Spider bites are rare, usually harmless, and do not always require medical attention. Some home remedies that might help include turmeric paste and aloe vera.
Although some spider bites can be extremely painful and require medical treatment, most just cause a mild stinging sensation. In these instances, washing the bite with soap and water before applying ice can help with the pain.
Continue reading to learn more about different types of spiders, how to handle a bite, and some useful home remedies to try.
Home remedies for spider bites: What to do and natural options
- Stay calm.
- Clean the bite area with soap and water, then pat it dry with a clean towel.
- If possible, elevate the bite above the heart to help with blood flow.
- Apply an icepack to the bite to reduce pain.
- If the pain persists, take an over-the-counter (OTC) pain reliever, such as ibuprofen.
- Taking an antihistamine might be helpful for itchy bites.
Bites from nonvenomous spiders rarely need medical attention. As mentioned above, people can often relieve the symptoms of a nonvenomous spider bite with:
- an icepack
- an OTC pain reliever
- an antihistamine
Turmeric paste
One review study indicates that turmeric has anti-inflammatory properties that could provide symptom relief.
However, the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH) state that, at present, there are no strong studies to support claims that compounds with turmeric can help with inflammation.
Turmeric is available in a variety of forms, including capsules and powder. A person can make turmeric powder into a paste and apply it to the bite.
Aloe vera
According to one study, aloe vera has antioxidant and antibacterial properties. It also has many other benefits and may reduce pain and swelling from a spider bite.
Historically, many people have used aloe vera to treat wounds. However, the NCCIH state that, at present, there is not enough high-quality scientific evidence to support the use of aloe vera to heal wounds.
If someone wishes to try this remedy, they can apply an aloe vera gel directly on to the bite and surrounding skin.
If a poisonous spider bites a person, they must follow the same immediate steps as above, but may also require medical attention. Contact a doctor or poison control center as soon as possible.
Infants, children, and pregnant women should always seek emergency care for a venomous spider bite.
Symptoms
Symptoms of a venomous spider bite may include a red mark or small pimple-like bump. There will usually be pain and swelling at the wound. The bite may also feel itchy.
In some cases, venomous spider bites can cause more severe symptoms. These include:
- pus coming from the bite with redness spreading outward
- flu-like symptoms such as tiredness or fever
- severe muscle or stomach pain
- dead tissue forming around the bite, known as necrosis
Symptoms can be more severe in infants and children. For example, they could experience weakness, joint pain, and seizures, depending on which spider bit them.
Death from venomous spider bites is rare but can occur, especially if the person does not seek treatment.
Medical treatment
Medical treatment for a spider bite depends on the type of spider. It typically involves cleaning and elevating the wound, using cold packs, and a tetanus vaccination booster.
The doctor will check for signs of infection and necrosis. Prescription antibiotics may be necessary if an infection develops.
Depending on the spider, children, pregnant women, and older adults may require antivenom treatment. People with severe symptoms should also take antivenom treatment.
When to see a doctor
Anyone who has been bitten by a venomous spider should contact a doctor for treatment. Contact emergency services for any bites that occur with the following symptoms:
- fever
- chills
- significant bite pain that worsens or lasts more than 2 days
- pus coming from the wound
There are over 40,000 species of spiders worldwide, but only a minority bite human skin. Three venomous spiders live in the United States:
- Black widow — a black spider with two triangular marks that forms a reddish hourglass shape down its back. It is the most venomous spider in the United States.
- Brown recluse — a brown spider with a dark violin-shaped marking on its head. It has six, rather than eight eyes.
- Tarantula — a hairy spider with a 3-inch brown or black colored body. In the U.S., tarantulas live in the southwestern States.
Most spiders are not usually aggressive. Most bites occur when people accidentally disturb a spider, or the spider feels threatened. For example, a bite may occur when putting on clothes or shoes with spiders in them.
Typically, spiders stay out of sight, usually in dark crevices and covered areas. Ways to avoid being bitten by a spider include:
- checking for spiders before lifting logs or rocks from a pile
- wearing long sleeves and gloves for yard work
- avoiding accumulating piles of debris in the yard
- keeping garages, attics, and basements clean
- getting rid of empty cardboard boxes
- placing glue traps near baseboards or behind doors
- sealing off any cracks or crevices around the home
Spider bites are rare and generally harmless. Most people will experience some mild pain and a slight redness around the bite. Only a handful of spiders around the world can cause significant harm to humans.
Nyuki na nyigu
Baada ya kuumwa na nyuki, angalia kama mwiba wake umebaki kwenye ngozi na kuuondoa haraka iwezekanavyo. Eneo inayozunguka sehemu ya jeraha inaweza kuwa na wekundu, kuvimba na kutoa maumivu. Kuweka mgando wa amira na maji, au kitu kingine baridi kwenye eneo husika, kutasaidia kudhibiti uvimbe na maumivu.
Mzio mkali kuhusiana na matukio ya kuumwa na nyuki au nyigu ni nadra, lakini unaweza kuhatarisha maisha.
Samaki na Yavuyavu (jelly fish)
Jinasue kutoka kwa yavuyavu na kwangua miguu yake ambayo inaweza kuwa imekung’ang’ania. Tumia maji ya bahari kunawa sehemu hiyo. Kwa samaki wanaochoma na miba yao, ondoa miba yote iliyobaki kwenye ngozi kwa kutumia kibanio.
Ingiza sehemu iliyoumia kwenye maji ya moto kwa dakika 20 kupunguza maumivu, lakini hakikisha kuwa hayaunguzi. Hii inaweza kusaidia zaidi kutuliza majeraha kutokana na samaki wanaochoma kuliko yavuyavu.
Kuna tiba nyingi za asili lakini siyo zote hufanya kazi dhidi ya madhara ya aina zote za samaki au yavuyavu. Kwa mfano, mashambulizi ya samaki wengine yanaweza kutulizwa kwa kuosha na siki (vinegar). Lakini siki huzidisha madhara ya mashambulio ya aina zingine za yavuyavu. Papai au vilainisha nyama ni vitulizo muhimu v ya maumivu kutokana na mashambulizi ya yavuyavu,. Papai au vilainisha nyama ni vitulizo muhimu vya maumivu kutokana na mashambulizi ya yavuyavu, lakini siyo kwa aina zote za yavuyavu na wakati mwingine vinaweza kuzidisha maumivu.
Mhimize atumie na kutembeza viungo vyake —tofauti na matukio ya kung’atwa na nyoka au buibui, kutuliza kiungo bila mtikisiko hakusaidii. Tafuta msaada wa kitabibu kama kutakuwa na matatizo ya kupumua au iwapo dalili zitazidi kuwa mbaya.
TANBIHI
Inawezekana kabisa makala hii imeacha baadhi ya mambo mengi muhimu yanayopaswa kufanywa ili kukabiliana na sumu za wadudu au viumbe hawa hatari. Hivyo, karibuni kwa nyongeza na michango mingine kuhusu namna ya kukabiliana na hali ya kung'atwa na wadudu na sampuli ya aina hii ili kwa pamoja tupate kunufaika.
Wasalaam
PIA SOMA:
= > Fahamu aina tano za sumu ya Nyoka na matibabu yake
