United Nations-Muafaka upatikane kabla ya Uchaguzi mkuu!

[jmushi1]

`Muafaka baada ya uchaguzi haufai`

2008-07-20 13:02:52
Na Mwandishi Wetu


Naibu Katibu Mkuu wa Umoja wa Mataifa (UN), Dk. Asha-Rose Migiro amesema utaratibu wa kutafuta muafaka baada ya uchaguzi mkuu, sio utamaduni unaopaswa kuendelezwa.

Badala yake amezitaka nchi za Afrika kujenga misingi imara ya demokrasia na kufanya chaguzi zilizo huru na haki ili kuepusha kupinga matokeo ya uchaguzi kunakosababisha kutumia muda mwingi na gharama kwenye mazungumzo ya usuluhishi wa migogoro inayotokea baada ya kufanyika kwa uchaguzi mkuu.

Dk. Asha-Rose ambaye yupo nchini kwa mapumziko, alitoa ushauri huo wakati akizungumza na waandishi wa habari jijini Dar es Salaam jana.

Alikuwa akijibu swali la mwanahabari aliyetaka kupata maoni ya UN iwapo inaunga mkono utamaduni unaoibuka sasa barani Afrika wa kukimbilia kutafuta muafaka baina ya wanasiasa wanaodaiwa kushindwa kwenye uchaguzi mkuu kwa njia ya hila na wapinzani wao.

``Huo sio utamaduni wa kuendelezwa, kinachotakiwa ni kujenga utaratibu wa kuwa na demokrasia na kuelimishana kijamii,`` alisema na kuongeza kuwa, ``dawa ni kujenga misingi imara ya demokrasia na baada ya uchaguzi, isiwe tena tunatumia muda mrefu kushughulikia matatizo yatokanayo na uchachguzi mkuu.``

Mwishoni mwa mwaka jana vyama vya ODM na PNU vya Kenya viliingia kwenye mgogoro wa uchaguzi mkuu ambao mgombea wa ODM Bw. Raila Odinga, alidai ameshinda na kuibiwa ushindi na mgombea wa PNU Rais Mwai Kibaki.

Hali hili ilisababisha mamia ya wananchi kupoteza maisha, wengine kujeruhiwa vibaya na kupoteza mali, kuwa wakimbizi nchini Uganda yote hayo yalitokana na kuzuka kwa vurugu na mapigano baada ya jamii mbalimbali zilizokuwa zinapinga ama kukubaliana na matokeo ya uchaguzi yaliyotangazwa na kumpa ushindi Rais Mwai Kibaki ambaye alidaiwa na wapinzani kuwa hakushinda kihalali.

Baada ya vurugu hizo, wasuluhishi mbalimbali akiwemo Katibu Mkuu wa zamani wa UN Dk. Kofi Annan, Mwenyekiti wa Umoja wa Afrika (AU) aliyemaliza muda wake Rais Ghana John Kufuor, mke wa Rais wa zamani wa Afrika Kusini Bi. Graca Machel ni miongoni mwa walishiriki katika kutafuta muafaka kati ya Rais Kibaki na mpinzani wake mkuu Bw. Raila Odinga.

Matokeo yao muafaka huo yalipelekea kuundwa kwa serikali ya mseto ambapo Bw. Odinga aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri Mkuu.

Hali kadhalika, uchaguzi mkuu uliofanyika nchini Zimbabwe hivi karibuni, umeibua hoja za kuanza mjadala wa usuluhishi baina ya Rais Robert Mugabe na mpinzani wake wa chama cha MDC Bw. Morgan Tsvangirai.

Kadhalika hali si shwari visiwani Zanzibar baina ya CUF na CCM ambapo CUF inadai ilipokonywa ushindi na CCM katika chaguzi zote za vyama na kumekuwa na milolongo ya mazungumzo ya mwafaka ambayo hayajawahi kukamilika.

Akizungumzia changamoto za UN, Dk. Asha-Rose alisema umoja huo unakabiliwa na tatizo la kupanda kwa bei ya mafuta na chakula duniani hali ambayo ilimlazimu Katibu Mkuu Bw. Ban Ki Moon kuziomba nchi zinazozalisha mafuta kwa wingi duniani kuongeza uzalishaji huo.

Kuhusu chakula alisema Benki ya Dunia (WB) na Marekani zimekubali kutoa fedha kwa ajili ya kununua chakula kitakachopelekwa sehemu mbalimbali.

Alisema tayari Bw. Moon ameunda kikosi kazi ambacho kitaangalia mahitaji ya sasa ya chakula duniani na kwamba katika awamu ya pili umoja huo utaangalia namna ya kuwasaidia wakulima wadogo wadogo kupata mbolea na mbegu.

Alisema katika awamu ya tatu, suala litakalopewa kipaumbele ni kuboresha miundombinu ili kuwezesha kilimo na chakula kupatikana kwa wingi.

Alitaja changamoto zingine kuwa ni tatizo la mabadiliko ya hali ya hewa, mazingira, ukimwi, malaria na tatizo la kusukuma maendeleo ambapo alisema ipo dira ya pamoja ya Malengo ya Maendeleo ya Milenia.

Katika hatua nyingine, Dk. Asha-Rose amewataka Watanzania kushirikiana kwa pamoja katika kupeperusha bendara ya Tanzania nje ya nchi kwa kufanya kazi kwa bidii, kujenga demokrasia, amani na kusaidia nchi zingine.

Alisema haitaridhisha iwapo ataambiwa aiangalie Tanzania katika suala la amani iwapo kutakuwa na machafuko.

Pia aliwataka Watanzania kuchangamkia kujifunza lugha zaidi ya mbili iwapo wanataka kupata kwa urahisi nafasi za kazi katika ofisi ya UN.

``Tuendelee kujitahidi katika lugha, Watanzania na baadhi ya nchi zingine wasiotumia lugha ya Kifaransa hawana nafasi kubwa sana wanapoomba kazi wakishindana na wengine wanaojua lugha mbili ya Kifaransa na Kiingereza.

Aidha alisema baadhi ya watu hawana utamaduni wa kubahatisha katika kutafuta, kwa kuwa kazi za UN ni za mkataba na wengi wanahofia kuacha kazi zao na kwenda kwenye kazi za mkabata.



Naibu Katibu Mkuu huyo leo anatarajiwa kwenda Zanzibar kumsalimia Rais Aman Karume.

• SOURCE: Nipashe

 

[jmushi1]

Naibu Katibu Mkuu huyo leo anatarajiwa kwenda Zanzibar kumsalimia Rais Aman Karume.

Kutokana na ujumbe huo hapo juu...Si kweli kuwa anakwenda kumsalimu Karume...Ni wazi anapeleka ujumbe.

UN inakuwa vipi imtume mjumbe wake kimezwenge badala ya kufanya officially kama si unafiki huo?

Amekuja mapumzikoni na ujumbe huu na wakati huo huo kwenda Zanzibar kumsalimia Karume wakati wa mapumziko yake?

Na isitoshe huku ccm ikiwa nayo imepiga kambi huko zenji?

 

[jmushi1]

Kutokana na kauli hii ya Maalim Seif Shariff Hamad...Ni wazi kuwa Muungano huu usipotafutiwa muafaka basi damu itamwagika.

At the same time...Mafisadi walioko ndani ya ccm wanafurahia hili kwani bado mijadala ya ufisadi inatakiwa ijadiliwe.

Hilo halifanyiki na ni wazi kuwa karata ya Zanzibar ni ya mwisho ya ccm.

Kwa maoni yangu naona muungano huu unataka uuwawe na ikitokea hilo sijuwi mafisadi watashitakiwa kwa sheria za Tanganyika, Zanzibar ama zile za Muungano.

Wale wenye knowledge tunaomba msaada hapa...Kwamba kama Muungano ukivunjika ma kufanyiwa marekebisho je uwezekano wa kuendelea kumbana fisadi aliyezivunja sheria za Tanzania utawezekana kuendelea Tanganyika ama Zanzibar?

Ni wananchi wa Tanganyika ama wa Zanzibar watakaoishitaki Serikali?

Je uwezekano huo wa kuwashitaki mafisadi utaendelea kuwepo kama tukijitenga?

Watashitakiwa kwa kutumia sheria zipi?



Maalim Seif: Karume tutoe katika Muungano

Mwandishi Wetu

TUMLAUMU Waziri Mkuu, Mizengo Pinda, kama ambavyo Katibu Mkuu wa Chama cha Wananchi (CUF) Maalim Seif Sharif Hamad alivyofanya? Au tuzilaumu katiba na sheria kwa kutoweka wazi mgawanyo wa mamlaka baina ya Tanganyika, Zanzibar na Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania?

Au Watanzania kwa ujumla wao ndio wanapaswa kulaumiwa kwa kushindwa kuzielewa vema dhana zinazotenganisha mfumo wa madaraka na utawala nchini?

Maswali haya yanaibuka wakati huu ambapo mjadala mkali unaendelea kutokana na kauli ya Pinda aliyoitoa bungeni majuma kadhaa yaliyopita kuwa Zanzibar si nchi.

Pinda, ambaye kitaaluma ni mwanasheria, ameishikilia kauli yake hiyo ambayo tayari imeshaanza kutishia kutokea kwa mgawanyiko ndani ya CCM.

Tishio la mgawanyiko katika chama hicho unatokana na mwenendo wa Wazanzibari, wanaoashiria kujiunga pamoja katika kutetea na kudai hadhi yao.

Katika baraza la wawakikishi, ingawa kwa wanaoangalia mambo juu juu wanaweza kuona kuwa CUF wamekuwa wakiwekewa kigingi kuiwasilisha hoja binafsi kuhusiana na susla hili, lakini ukweli ni kuwa wawakilishi wote, wa CCM na CUF, katika hili, wapo pamoja.

Kinachotokea na kuonekana kama kuwekeana vigingi ni sehemu ya siasa za Zanzibar, ambapo CUF wameshalamba dume kwa wawakilishi wake kutaka kuwa wa kwanza kuiwasilisha hoja hiyo inayogusa hisia za kila Mzanzibari, na CCM wakitaka kuhakikisha kuwa CUF haipati nafasi ya kuirusha turufu hiyo kwanza. Ndiyo maana kumekuwa na majaribio kwa wawakilishi wa CCM nao kuwasilisha hoja kama hiyo.

Mjadala huu umezusha hoja moto nyingi sana, nyingine zikitawaliwa na jazba, nyingine na siasa na nyingine kutokuelewa mambo ipasavyo.
Na hili la mwisho ndilo analolisimamia Profesa Issa Shivji, wa kigoda cha Mwalimu Nyerere katika Chuo Kikuu cha Dar es Salaam. Profesa Shivji anaonya kuwa watu wengi wameijiingiza katika mjadala huu wakiwa wamechanganya maana ya vitu vinavyojadiliwa.

"Ukidadisi kwa undani utakuta kwamba wanasiasa wa Bara wakisema Zanzibar si nchi, wanachomaanisha ni kwamba Zanzibar haina dola, ina serikali yake tu. Na Wazanzibari wakisema Zanzibar ni nchi, labda humaanisha kwamba Zanzibar ina dola kamili. Ninafikiri, suala linalobishaniwa si kuhusu dhana ya nchi bali ni dhana ya dola," anasema Profesa Shivji ambaye mahojiano yake yamechapishwa kwa kina katika gazeti hili.

Lakini kwa upande wake, Maalim Seif, pengine pamoja na Wazanzibari wengi tu, wamekwenda mbali zaidi na kulihusisha suala hili na matatizo ya muungano. CUF ilifikia hatua ya kuandaa mkutano wa hadhara wiki hii, maalumu kwa ajili ya kutoa kauli kuhusiana na mjadala uliotokana na kauli ya Pinda.

Lakini labda kilichomfanya Maalim Seif aje hadharani na kutoa onyo kuhusiana na kauli hiyo, ni kile alichokibainisha kuwa kauli ya Pinda ina mambo mengi nyuma yake.

"Huyu (Pinda) si mtu mdogo. Ni Waziri Mkuu wa Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania. Katika serikali ya Muungano yeye ni mtu wa tatu. Yuko Rais, yuko Makamu wa Rais, halafu Waziri Mkuu.

"Kauli yake haiwezi kuwa kauli yake peke yake. Ni kauli ya Serikali ya Muungano wa Tanzania. Tulitazamia, viongozi wazito wa Serikali ya Mapinduzi ya Zanzibar wangesimama na kusema Mheshimiwa Pinda umekosea. Hawakusema hivyo," anabainisha Maalim Seif.

Lakini Maalim Seif anaitumia kauli hii ya Pinda kama kielelezo cha kuonyesha harakati za muda mrefu, zilizotekelezwa kimkakati, za kuinyang'anya Zanzibar madaraka yake. Anafanya hivyo kwa kurejea historia.

Lakini kwanza anaamua kuwaelimisha Pinda na wenzake kuhusiana na asili ya Zanzibar, inayoundwa na visiwa kadhaa, vikubwa vikiwa ni Unguja na Pemba. Kwa mujibu wa Maalim seif, Zanzibar ilianza kutambuliwa kimataifa miaka 500 kabla ya kuzaliwa kwa Yesu Kristo.
Akihutubia mkutano huo katika viwanja vya Kibanda Maiti, Maalim Seif anasema: "Pengine Mheshimiwa Waziri Mkuu anasikia tu neno Zanzibar.

Hajuia umuhimu wa Zanzibar. Hajui Zanzibar ni nini. Sasa nataka nichukue muda mfupi sana, kumueleza Mheshimiwa Pinda na wenzake wenye mawazo kama yake.

"Waheshimiwa, umaarufu wa Zanzibar, utukufu wa Zanzibar, uzito wa Zanzibar, hasa katika maeneo ya Afrika ya Mashariki na Afrika ya Kati, na katika Bahari ya Hindi na katika nchi za Ghuba, nasema uzito huo haulingani na udogo wa Zanzibar.

"Ukiiona Zanzibar ni nchi ndogo tu. Watu milioni moja tu. Lakini umaarufu wake, umuhimu wake, uzito wake ni mkubwa sana, sana kabisa. Tunamuomba Mheshimiwa Pinda alitambue hilo.

Zaidi sana, Maalim Seif anabainisha kuwa halikuwa lengo la muasisi wa Zanzibar, Abeid Aman Karume, kuunganisha visiwa hivyo na Tanganyika ili kuiua Zanzibar.

"Hakuna Mzanzibari anayetarajia kuwa madhumuni ya mzee Abeid Aman Karume na Mwalimu Julius Nyerere kuunganisha, tukawa na Jamhuri ya Muungano ni kuifuta Zanzibar. Hakuna Mzanzibari anayetazamia hilo," anasema.

Kutokana na jinsi mjadala unavyoendelea, na ukichukulia majibu ya awali ya Mwanasheria Mkuu zwa Zanzibar, Idd Pandu Hassan, ni dhahiri kuwa kauli ya Pinda, ingawa imesimama katika katiba, imewaudhi Wazanzibari wengi.

Baada ya kuweka msingi huo unaoonyesha historia ya asili ya Zanzibar, Maalim Seif anaijenga hoja yake kuonyesha mipango mkakati ya kuiua Zanzibar kupitia Muungano.

Kwanza anabainisha kuwa ingawa lengo la Mzee Karume, ambaye yeye anamuita Karume Original, halikuwa kuiua Zanzibar kupitia muungano, lakini mwenzake katika harakati hizo, Mwalimu Julius Nyerere, alionyesha chuki ya wazi dhidi ya Zanzibar.

Kwanza, anasema historia inamwonyesha Nyerere kuwa mtu mwenye chuki dhidi ya Zanzibar. Anasema mwaka 1961 wakati Mwalimu Nyerere akizungumza na mwandishi wa habari alisema wazi wazi kwamba angekuwa na uwezo, angehakikisha visiwa hivi vya Unguja na Pemba anavitupa katikati ya Bahari.

"Na huyu mwandishi kaandika hayo mwenyewe (Mwalimu Nyerere) yuko hai, hakupata kukanusha hata siku moja… Ukisema visiwa uvitupe huko, unavipenda hivi? Sijui chuki hii ilitoka wapi!" anabainisha.

Kwa hiyo, Maalim Seif anasema, baada ya mapinduzi ndipo Nyerere alipopata mwanya na kuona kuwa sasa anaweza kuibana Zanzibar kwa namna anavyotaka yeye.
Anasema katika mazungumzo ya muungano, Mzee Karume alikuwa mgumu sana.

"Lakini ukimuacha Karume, kipindi kile kilikuwa kipindi cha vita baridi. Mataifa ya Mashariki wakiongozwa na Urusi na Uchina na mataifa ya Magharibi wakiongozwa na Marekani na Uingereza. Hawa walikuwa na mapambano na kila mmoja alikuwa akitafuta kudhibiti sehemu mbalimbali duniani.

Anasema kutokana na hali hiyo, wakubwa hawa wakaweka shinikizo kubwa kwa Nyerere na Karume ili waingie katika muungano huo, ili wapate kuidhibiti Zanzibar.

"Wazanzibari waliingia katika muungano lakini nina hakika mzee Karume asingekubali hata siku moja kuambiwa kwamba Zanzibar si nchi, hata siku moja.

Mzee karume huyo, si Karume huyu, huyo Karume Original, mimi namsikia kwa masikio yangu, Maisara pale kwenye mkutano wa hadhara anatuambia vijana msishughulike na muungano, muungano ni kama koti, likikubana unalivua," anasema.

Baada ya hapo, Maalim Seif anaonyesha jinsi ambavyo Zanzibar ilibanwa katika masuala kadhaa, ikiwamo kunayng'anywa madaraka yake kwa mlango wa nyuma kupitia maamuzi ya kuongeza masuala ya muungano.

"Visa vya kuhakikisha Zanzibar inamalizwa vikaanza, kwanza, walipokubaliana marais wawili kwamba mambo ya muungano ni 11 tu. Sasa yahesabu, yameshafika 23 na kama utachambua kwa undani, kwa kweli ni 32. Na kila ukisema unalifanya jambo (kuwa) la muungano, unaipokonya Zanzibar madaraka yake," anasema.

Katika hili, Maalif Seif anahoji ni kwa ipi Zanzibar inanyang'anywa mamlaka yake ya kutunga sheria kinyemela?

Anasema kuwa sheria zilizotungwa na Baraza la Kutunga Sheria la Zanzibar, zinapaswa kufutwa na baraza hilo na si chombo kingine.

Lakini, anabainisha, kuna sheria kadhaa wa kadhaa zilizofutwa na Bunge la Muungano na kuitaja moja ya sheria hizo kuwa ni iliyokuwa ikiitwa Exchange Control Decree, ambayo anadai ilifutwa na Bunge mwaka 1995.

Pia anasema kuna masuala mazima, ni vipi Benki Kuu (BoT) imeanzishwa? Anasema BoT imetokana na fedha zilizotoka katika East African Currency Board, ambayo Zanzibar ilikuwa ni mwanachama.

"Baada ya Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki ya wakati huo kuvunjwa, wakaamua rasilimali na fedha zigawiwe, Kenya wakapewa zao, Uganda zao na Tanganyika zao.

Lakini Tanganyika wakajifanya wao ni Zanzibar na za Zanzibar wakachukua wao," anasema.

Anasema katika mtaji wa kuanzisha BoT, mtaji wa Zanzibar ulikuwa asilimia 11.2. Lakini anashangaa kuwa, leo Zanzibar inaambiwa gawio la asilimia 4.5, ambazo nazo hazilipwi kwa wakati.

"Lakini nyundo kubwa zaidi, ni pale Wazanzibari tulipokubali Chama cha Afro Shirazi kife. Tulikosa taasisi ya kisiasa ya kutusemea Wazanzibari," anasema.

Alielezea pia jinsi Zanzibar ilivyozuiwa kujiunga na Jumuiya ya Kiislamu (OIC) pamoja na mizengwe katika Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki na kuhitimisha kwa kusema kuwa mjumuiko wa masuala hayo yote, unaonyesha kuwa: "Muungano gani huu ambao mwenzako hutaki afaidike?

Muungano ni koti eeeh! Basi kama Karume Original hakuweza, Karume mtoto afanye."

Anahusisha suala la kuibuka kwa kundi la wabunge mwaka 1993 waliopachikwa jina la G55 na harakati za kudai serikali ya Tanganyika, kama msingi wa Zanzibar nayo kupatiwa madaraka mengi zaidi.

Alipoamua kuzama katika suala la muungano, aliikumbushia Tume ya Shelukindo ambayo mwaka 1994, ilipewa kazi ya kuchambua matatizo ya muungano na kupendekeza suluhisho.

Alibainsiha kuwa mapendekezo mengi ya tume hiyo nayo yanalenga kuipokonya Zanzibar madaraka yake.

Huu ni msimamo wa CUF, ambao umeitumia hoja ya Zanzibar si nchi kujenga hoja yake kuhusu muungano. Kimsingi, hata kama CCM hawataki kukubali, huu pia ni msimamo wa CCM Zanzibar.
Sasa mgogoro mkubwa utarajiwe kutokana na kauli ya juzi ya CCM iliyounga mkono kauli ya Pinda kuwa Zanzibar si nchi.

 

[jmushi1]

Je ccm wamemzuia Huyu mama Migiro asiseme kuwa katumwa na UN?
Maana ni mapumziko gani haya?
Kama ni mapumziko basi asingepokelewa kikazi...Bali ni familia yake tu ingempokea.

Dk. Migiro atua Dar kwa mapumziko

2008-07-19 08:57:17
Na Mwandishi Wetu


Naibu Katibu Mkuu wa Umoja wa Mataifa, Dk. Asha-Rose Migiro yuko nchini kwa mapumziko.

Dk. Migiro aliwasili jijini Dar es Salaam juzi na kulakiwa na Mratibu Mkazi wa Umoja wa Mataifa Bw. Oscar Fernandes Taranco, Waziri wa Mambo ya Nchi za Nje na Ushirikiano wa Kimataifa, Bw. Bernard Membe, Mkuu wa Mkoa wa Dar es Salaam, Bw. Abbas Kandoro, baadhi ya wafanyakazi wa ofisi za UN nchini pamoja na familia yake.

Naibu Katibu Mkuu huyo wa kwanza mwanamke kutoka Afrika, anatarajiwa kushiriki kwenye majukumu mbalimbali ya hisani yanatakayofanyika Bara na Visiwani.

Leo Dk. Migiro anatarajiwa kukutana na wahariri wa vyombo mbalimbali vya habari.

Akiwa nchini, Dk. Migiro atashiriki uchangiaji wa fedha kwa ajili ya shule za Zanzibar pamoja na mikoa ya Dar es Salaam na Pwani.

• SOURCE: Nipashe

 

[jmushi1]

Pia anasema kuna masuala mazima, ni vipi Benki Kuu (BoT) imeanzishwa? Anasema BoT imetokana na fedha zilizotoka katika East African Currency Board, ambayo Zanzibar ilikuwa ni mwanachama.

“Baada ya Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki ya wakati huo kuvunjwa, wakaamua rasilimali na fedha zigawiwe, Kenya wakapewa zao, Uganda zao na Tanganyika zao.

Lakini Tanganyika wakajifanya wao ni Zanzibar na za Zanzibar wakachukua wao,” anasema.

Hiyo pointi hapo juu ni nzito na hivyo Zanzibar wapewe nchi yao na nyie ccm msiitumie nafasi hiyo kuzuga issue za ufisadi ili msishitakiwe!
Tunafuatilia kwa karibu na kitendo chenu cha kusema Migiro kaja likizo!
Nyie maslahi ya ccm zi kila kitu!
Chama kishakufa hicho!

 

[jmushi1]

Human Rights Watch Letter to President Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete of Tanzania
President Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete
Office of the President,The State House
Magogoni Road, PO Box 9120
Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Via facsimile: +255 22 211 3425

New York, May 8, 2007


Dear President Kikwete,

We write to voice concern over the expulsion of persons of Rwandan and Burundian origin from Tanzania in recent months. According to testimony received by Human Rights Watch researchers, some expelled persons were threatened, beaten, and saw their property looted by Tanzanian officials, soldiers, and police officers or by militia groups acting with the apparent compliance of government officials. The expelled persons—including some who were recognized as refugees and others who were naturalized Tanzanian citizens—were driven from their homes without any semblance of legal procedure.
It is urgent that you to take action to prevent such ill-treatment in the coming months, especially since Tanzania has announced its intention to send tens of thousands more persons across the borders into Rwanda and Burundi.

We ask you also to ensure that those persons unlawfully deprived of their rights—whether rights to asylum or to citizenship or to property—be afforded every opportunity to be restored to full enjoyment of these rights under international human rights law.

All individuals claiming refugee status in Tanzania are protected under international law from ill-treatment and forced return to their countries of origin, pending determination of their claim. As a party to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR); the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees (1951 Convention) and its 1967 Protocol; and the OAU Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa (OAU Convention), and according to the Tanzanian Refugees Act of 1998 (1998 Act), Tanzania has committed itself to protecting asylum-seekers and refugees against ill-treatment, forced return, or forced displacement from their usual places of residence.

We ask also that Tanzanian authorities investigate and hold to account those responsible for violating the rights of the expelled persons.

Ill-treatment and expulsion of persons of Rwandan origin
In May 2006, the Government of Tanzania began forcibly expelling persons of Rwandan origin living in Tanzania, providing estimates that a total of some 60,000 persons would be affected. Of these some 15,000 persons had arrived in Rwanda by early 2007, many from villages in the Mureba, Karagwe, Ngara, and Bukoba districts of Tanzania.

According to the Government of Tanzania, the persons targeted were "illegal immigrants" (Joint Communiqué at the Closure of the Joint Meeting Between Tanzania and Rwanda, 22-23 June 2006). Many of those expelled, however, claim to have had Tanzanian citizenship or temporary residence status. Some expellees interviewed in a Rwandan transit camp in July 2006 showed Human Rights Watch researchers Tanzanian voting cards and photocopies of naturalization documents. Others said that Tanzanian officials had confiscated and torn up their citizenship papers. Some of those expelled were born in Tanzania and do not speak Kinyarwanda, having grown up speaking Kiswahili or local Tanzanian languages. Other expelled persons were married to Tanzanians and were forcibly separated from their spouses and children.
Expelled persons said that many had had their property looted, including herds of cattle illegally ‘confiscated’ by members of the security forces, administrative authorities, and militia, known as ‘sungu-sungu’. One woman told Human Rights Watch researchers, "If you say that you have citizenship, they say, ‘citizenship doesn’t exist for the Rwandese. They must leave.’ It’s not just words. The sungu-sungu and the army beat us..." Others have seen property destroyed, including houses and other property deliberately burned.

According to as-yet unverified complaints to Human Rights Watch and regional human rights organizations, some expelled women were raped and other persons were deliberately killed. (La Ligue des Droits de la Personne dans la Region des Grands Lacs, ‘Pres de Deux Cent Rwandais Expulses Forcement par la Tanzanie’, May 19, 2006). According to the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, many of the affected population are "exhibiting signs of mental trauma" (DREF Bulletin, September 20 2006).

A Joint Technical Team (JTT) was established by the governments of Tanzania and Rwanda in July 2006 with a mandate to identify persons of Rwandan origin, list their property including that to be left in Tanzania, reunite separated families, and handle complaints by those affected. Now in existence for nine months, the team has yet to investigate the alleged abuses, reunite any separated families, or provide compensation to those whose rights were violated. (Agreed Minutes of the Meeting of the Government Officials of the United Republic of Tanzania and the Republic of Rwanda on the Evaluation of the Implementation of the Repatriation Process of Rwandans, February 26 2007).

Ill-treatment and refoulement of Burundian refugees
Since August 2006, Tanzanian officials have been expelling Burundians living outside refugee camps in the Kagera region, many of whom might qualify as refugees. Tanzanian authorities have deemed them "illegal immigrants" and expelled them. (IRIN News, Expelled Burundians are Illegal Migrants says Government, August 16, 2006.) However, under international law, refugees cannot be deprived of their right not to be forcibly returned solely because they live outside refugee camps. Before taking action, authorities must make a fair assessment of the claims of such persons and of their need for international protection.

Tanzanian officials also expelled registered refugees, residing in Lukole camp but who had been found seeking wood or other essentials of life outside the camp boundaries. Residents of refugee camps in Tanzania are severely restricted in their freedom of movement and face arrest, detention, and expulsion should they leave the camp area. Several such persons were expelled to Burundi during 2007 and thus were subjected to refoulement, an act specifically prohibited by the OAU Convention and the 1951 Refugee Convention.

In addition, according to reports by the UNHCR and interviews conducted by Human Rights Watch, Tanzanian officials expelled other persons of Burundian origin who had been long-term residents of Tanzania.

Tanzanian officials have carried out these expulsions in a hasty fashion, with no regard for legal procedures, and without giving these individuals an opportunity to contest the decision or to have their interests represented. As a result some families were divided and in two known instances, mothers were separated from their infants. Expellees told a Human Rights Watch researcher that Tanzanian officials had beaten and intimidated them and some showed cuts, bruises, and other injuries they said had been caused by such violence. Many said their property had been looted by Tanzanian officials.

Furthermore, many of these people were issued "Prohibited Immigrant Notices", making it extremely difficult for them to return to Tanzania.

Human Rights Watch has raised its concerns about the expulsion operation with Ambassador Francis Mndolwa in Burundi who has undertaken to look into this issue. Between January 1 and May 1, 2007, the Burundian government project for the reintegration of war-affected persons has registered more than 2,000 persons expelled from Tanzania.

Tanzanian obligations toward refugees under national and international law
The 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol, the OAU Convention, and Tanzania’s 1998 Refugee Act explicitly prohibit expulsion or forced return of refugees. Article 33 of the 1951 Convention prohibits expulsion or return of any refugee "in any manner whatsoever to the frontiers of territories where his life or freedom would be threatened on account of his race, religion, nationality, membership of a political social group or political opinion." Article 2 of the 1998 Act reflects the international prohibition on refoulement when a refugee "will be tried or punished for an offence of a political character after arrival in the territory from which he came or is likely to be subjected to physical attack in such territory." Under the 1951 Convention and 1998 Act, derogation from this principle is permissible only after an individual determination that an individual poses a threat to state security. Tanzania’s expulsion of refugees clearly violates all these obligations.

Article 7 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights—to which Tanzania acceded in 1976—prohibits cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment of all persons. Tanzanian officials who mistreat and threaten refugees or immigrants violate Tanzania’s obligations under the ICCPR. The ICCPR also protects all persons’ right to liberty and freedom of movement and prohibits the inhibition of freedom of movement for all persons lawfully within a territory (Article 13). Until an individual determination has been made that a person is unlawfully in Tanzania, his or her right to freedom of movement is protected by the ICCPR.

Finally, refugees’ rights to property are protected by both the 1951 Refugee Convention and the 1998 Act. Article 13 of the 1951 Convention requires that refugees receive the same rights to property as do other aliens. Articles 13 and 14 of the 1998 Act require that compensation be paid to refugees from whom property, such as cattle or vehicles, is seized. Tanzanian officials violate these articles when they seize cattle and other property from expelled persons and pay them no compensation.

Remedies and Future Action
Tanzania has long enjoyed the reputation of a generous host to refugees and others seeking protection, a reputation put at risk by actions taken over the last year. Recent news accounts of joint action by the Tanzanian and Rwandan governments and the return to Tanzania of fourteen persons of Rwandan origin in order to resolve property claims are, however, encouraging developments.

Like all sovereign nations, Tanzania has the right to expel those unlawfully in its territory but all such expulsions should take place following appropriate procedures affording a fair process to all claiming a legitimate reason for being in Tanzania. Given reports of expected further expulsions from Tanzania, we urge the government of Tanzania to conduct screenings of all persons before expelling them, ideally in conjunction with UNHCR staff who are best equipped to assess which persons meet the legal requirements of refugee status as defined in the 1951 Convention. Furthermore, should these screenings determine that a person is not legally a refugee in Tanzania, that person should be returned to his or her country of origin in dignity with his or her belongings and family members, free from intimidation or harm. Persons able to demonstrate that they are citizens of Tanzania should be permitted to exercise their rights fully, including that of residing in Tanzania, without discrimination of any kind.

Thank you for your attention to these matters. We look forward to hearing from you at your earliest convenience.

Sincerely,



Alison Des Forges
Senior Advisor, Africa Division
Human Rights Watch


Cc:
António Guterres, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Geneva
Yacoub El Hillo, UNHCR Representative to Tanzania
Annette Nyekan, UNHCR representative in Rwanda
Charles Murigande, Minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation, Rwanda
Cheikh Moussa Fazil Harerimana, Minister of Interior Security, Rwanda
Kaba Guichard Neyaga, Representative of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Burundi
Ismael Diallo, Representative of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, Burundi
Antoinette Batumubwira, Minister of External Relations and Cooperation, Burundi
General Evariste Ndayishimiye, Minister for the Interior and Public Security, Burundi
Francoise Ngendahayo, Minister of National Solidarity, Human Rights and Gender, Burundi
Ambassador Francis Mndolwa, Tanzanian Ambassador to Burundi
Kheri Milao, Chargé d'Affairs, Tanzanian Embassy in Rwanda

 

[jmushi1]

Makala hiyo hapo juu ni ya kumuonya JK kutokana na jinsi ambavyo anachukuliwa kama Rais ambaye hana mwelekeo mzuri...

Na hapa chini...Ni wazi kabisa kuna jambo linaendelea na hii nikwasababu kuna ujumbe ambao ulishafika hapo Zanzibar kabla hata ya Dr Migiro hajafika!

Usije kuta ile ndege iligongwa makusudi ili JK asiende mahali...Maana nina wasi wasi sana na tripu yake hiyo ya USA !

Tanzania / UN Experts arrive in Zanzibar to assist Government


DAR ES SALAAM, Tanzania, June 11, 2008/African Press Organization (APO)/ — A team of seven UN experts in disaster response has arrived in Tanzania on Tuesday. Their objective is to assist the Government of Zanzibar to assess the impact of the power outage on the population of Unguja. Working jointly with government officials, the team will look at the humanitarian, socio-economic, environmental and logistical consequences of the power crisis and develop options how to address the challenge.
Following a request by the Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar to the UN in Tanzania for assistance, a specialized UN team was called in to support Zanzibar authorities.


“Without electricity, the situation in Unguja is very difficult. As partners of the Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar, the UN has called in a team of specialized experts to ensure that the UN assist in the best way possible to address the consequences of the power outage,” said the UN Resident Coordinator in Tanzania, Mr. Oscar Fernandez Taranco.


The UN group of experts will support the Crisis Management Team chaired by the Principle Secretary in the Ministry of Finance and Economic Affairs. Based in the ministry, the UN team of will be carrying out a comprehensive assessment of the humanitarian impact of the crisis on the island including environmental, socio-economic and employment aspects.


Already, the power supply to hospitals, schools, ministries and other public service providers has been severely affected by the crisis. A particular concern is the access to safe and clean piped water, which relies on electrical water pumps. UNICEF Tanzania has agreed to provide 12 back-up power generators to reactivate water pumps that have been out of service since May 21st.


The UN Team of experts deployed to Zanzibar is part of the UN Disaster Assessment and Coordination (UNDAC) mechanism - a system of international disaster management professionals on standby, who can be called in for support within 72 hours.


Zanzibar’s current energy crisis began on 21 May when the power grid of Unguja collapsed due to damage of the submarine power cable providing electricity from the mainland to the island.


SOURCE : UNITED NATIONS

 

[Masatu]

Naona Bibie kajisahau baada ya kufika huko UN. In africa democracy is not about castings of vote rather counting of votes and more importantly announcing the results!

 

[jmushi1]

Naona Bibie kajisahau baada ya kufika huko UN. In africa democracy is not about castings of vote rather counting of votes and more importantly announcing the results!

Kazi mnayo ccm...Ila bado swali langu la msingi pamoja na wasiwasi wangu mkubwa...Je kama muungano ukivunjika kabla ya mafisadi kushughulikiwa kutakuwa na kesi tena?

Maana naona baada ya mbinu za Zimbabwe kushindwa sasa ni Zanzibar!

Yani baada ya mjadala wa Canada na madini yetu....Balozi wao na ujumbe wake waka retreat.

Ghafla ndege ikagongwa na ccm wakahamishia makao Zenji na kutangulia huko kabla a Dr Asha Migiro hajaenda likizo kumsalimia Karume pamoja na ccm.

Sasa kwasababu tunajuwa kuwa ni lazima mwafaka upatikane kabla ya uchaguzi..Then tuna maswali mengi ya kujiuliza.

Haswa ikizingatiwa kuwa hata mijadala mingine yote inasemekana itapangiwa muda wake baadae huko bungeni...Je muda huo ni baada ya Muungano kuvunjika?

Je hii ni karata ya mwisho ya ccm?

Ama kweli hili ndio changa lenyewe la macho!