Ugandan Bill Would Require HIV Status Disclosure-Tanzania tuko tayari kwa Hii Sheria?

[Shadow]

Je tuko tayari kulifanya kuwa kosa la jinai kwa mtu anayeambukiza ukimwi makusudi? Vipi kuhusu wapenzi kupelekewa kopi ya HIV Status Yako?




Ugandan Bill Would Require HIV Status Disclosure

Uganda's HIV and AIDS Prevention and Control Bill 2008 -- which is under consideration by a committee in Parliament -- aims to criminalize the intentional transmission of HIV, guarantee access to treatment for HIV-positive people and provide protection against discrimination for people living with the disease, Uganda's Daily Monitor reports.

According to the Monitor, the draft law comes at a time when public health workers are expressing concern about Uganda's HIV prevalence and an increasing incidence of new cases. The proposed bill will be the Ugandan government's first formal effort to criminalize HIV transmission, the Monitor reports.

According to the Monitor, the bill encourages HIV-positive people to inform their partners about their status and follow prevention and treatment measures to prevent transmission of the virus. The draft law also recommends that health workers notify the sexual partners of people who test positive for HIV if the individual "has been given reasonable opportunity to inform their partner(s) of their HIV-positive status and has failed to do so."

Although the bill provides for voluntary HIV testing and counseling, it also would require mandatory testing for people charged with drug abuse, illegal possession of medical instruments, sexual offenses and commercial sex work. In addition, the draft law would permit a court to order an individual to undergo an HIV test, with or without his or her consent. Sexual assault survivors -- as well as pregnant women and their partners -- also would undergo "routine" HIV testing under the proposed law. According to the Monitor, the disclosure terms of the law stem from recent research indicating that HIV transmission commonly occurs among married couples.

In addition to the disclosure requirements, the proposed legislation provides certain protections and services for people living with HIV, including pre- and post-test counseling, the Monitor reports. The bill calls for all pregnant women who test positive for HIV to receive antiretroviral treatment and medication to prevent mother-to-child transmission of the virus. In addition, the law would provide HIV testing for infants born to HIV-positive mothers and guarantee treatment, care and support for HIV-positive infants.

Under the draft law, employers would be forbidden to require mandatory HIV testing for their employees, and other officials could not require HIV tests before providing services such as credit, insurance or loans. In addition, the draft law prohibits discrimination on the basis of HIV status in schools, workplaces or in bids for public office. The law also calls for increased safety measures in hospitals.

Comments, Reaction

Several HIV/AIDS advocates have expressed concern about the disclosure requirements of the proposed legislation, claiming that the provisions could eliminate the confidentiality of voluntary testing and contribute to increased transmission of HIV. Stella Kentutsi of the National Forum of People Living with HIV/AIDS Networks in Uganda said that criminalizing HIV transmission "will automatically affect disclosure, which has been encouraged, and it will therefore increase the level of silent transmission among the population." Robert Ochai, executive director of the AIDS Support Organization, added that the disclosure clauses should be amended or deleted from the draft bill.

However, Chris Baryomunsi, vice chair of the Ugandan Parliament's Committee on HIV/AIDS and Related Matters, defended the proposed legislation, saying that other countries have passed similar laws criminalizing HIV transmission. He added that the bill could be amended to address concerns from various groups. Supporters of the bill also argue that the disclosure requirements will help HIV-negative partners undertake measures to prevent contracting the virus from an HIV-positive partner (Naturinda, Daily Monitor, 12/12).

Ugandan Bill Would Require HIV Status Disclosure

 

[Madela Wa- Madilu]

Waganda kwenye tatizo la Ukimwi ni # 1 Duniani.
Nchi zilizo endelea zina dawa kibao za kupunguza makali ya Ukimwi lakini Waganda dawa yao kubwa ni hii ya kuweka mambo wazi.

Kwa hilo ninawasifu.

Sisi Watanzania kama yalivyo mataifa mengi Duniani, ukimwi unatumaliza kama Zimwi mwenye njaa kali lakini wapi bwana.

Ufuksa kwa viongozi wa serikali na hata dini umechukua sehemu ya imani.

Wakuu wanajamiiana na kila wanaye mtamani kama vile wanapiga sala asubuhi mchana na jioni.

Ukiongea lolote kuhusu Ukimwi utaambiwa ujumbe wako umebeba matusi na maneno mengi ya aibu kinyume na mila zetu.

Mila za Watanzania ndo zipi?
Mila za makabila zaidi ya 126 pale Tanzania ndo zipi?

Sasa sijui ni mila ya kabila gani ambayo inaruhusu Mama mzima miaka 50 kumvulia kaptula na kumkatia Mauno Kijust wa miaka 25 ambaye ni kama mtoto wake wa kumzaa???

Mila gani hiyo ya Mijibaba mizima Mvi kichwa kizima, vitambi vikubwa kuvunja adabu zao uchi kwa vijibinti vya miaka 17, sawa na wajuukuu zao??

Elimu ya ukimwi ni kweli inabeba maneno mengi mazito yatajayo viungo nyeti.
Lakini nadhani Umuhimu wa kuweka mbele elimu ya Ukimwi na uwazi kuhusu Ukimwi uko juu ya unyeti wa kutaja sehemu au viungo vya kujamiiana na tendo la kujamiiana hadharani.

Nijuavyo mimi, Elimu kuhusu ukimwi inapingwa na Viongozi wa Kiserikali na kidini tu kwa sababu inavuruga na kufukuza mawindo yao chee ya vibinti na Vijust ambavyo vipo tayari kujiingiza kwenye tendo la ngono ili kupata fedha au kunufaika kwa namna yeyote kiuchumi na kukoga wenzao, hata pale vijuapo matokeo ya mwisho ya kunufaika huko ni kifo.

Hiyo Bill ya Waganda sisi hatuwezi ni maji ya shingo.

 

[Shadow]

Waganda kwenye tatizo la Ukimwi ni # 1 Duniani.
Nchi zilizo endelea zina dawa kibao za kupunguza makali ya Ukimwi lakini Waganda dawa yao kubwa ni hii ya kuweka mambo wazi.

Kwa hilo ninawasifu.

Sisi Watanzania kama yalivyo mataifa mengi Duniani, ukimwi unatumaliza kama Zimwi mwenye njaa kali lakini wapi bwana.

Ufuksa kwa viongozi wa serikali na hata dini umechukua sehemu ya imani.

Wakuu wanajamiiana na kila wanaye mtamani kama vile wanapiga sala asubuhi mchana na jioni.

Ukiongea lolote kuhusu Ukimwi utaambiwa ujumbe wako umebeba matusi na maneno mengi ya aibu kinyume na mila zetu.

Mila za Watanzania ndo zipi?
Mila za makabila zaidi ya 126 pale Tanzania ndo zipi?

Sasa sijui ni mila ya kabila gani ambayo inaruhusu Mama mzima miaka 50 kumvulia kaptula na kumkatia Mauno Kijust wa miaka 25 ambaye ni kama mtoto wake wa kumzaa???

Mila gani hiyo ya Mijibaba mizima Mvi kichwa kizima, vitambi vikubwa kuvunja adabu zao uchi kwa vijibinti vya miaka 17, sawa na wajuukuu zao??

Elimu ya ukimwi ni kweli inabeba maneno mengi mazito yatajayo viungo nyeti.
Lakini nadhani Umuhimu wa kuweka mbele elimu ya Ukimwi na uwazi kuhusu Ukimwi uko juu ya unyeti wa kutaja sehemu au viungo vya kujamiiana na tendo la kujamiiana hadharani.

Nijuavyo mimi, Elimu kuhusu ukimwi inapingwa na Viongozi wa Kiserikali na kidini tu kwa sababu inavuruga na kufukuza mawindo yao chee ya vibinti na Vijust ambavyo vipo tayari kujiingiza kwenye tendo la ngono ili kupata fedha au kunufaika kwa namna yeyote kiuchumi na kukoga wenzao, hata pale vijuapo matokeo ya mwisho ya kunufaika huko ni kifo.

Hiyo Bill ya Waganda sisi hatuwezi ni maji ya shingo.

Madila,

Asante analysis yako nzuri. Sasa kulingana na mapungufu yetu watanzania, kuna haja kuwa na sheria kama hiyo ya Uganda ukichukulia kuna watu wanasambaza VVU kwa makusudi. Kuna suspect mmoja, naambiwa yeye anawapatia dozi ya VVU na gari jekundu. Mimi naona kuna haja ya kuwa na criminal offense kwa watu wanaosambaza VVU. Wengine wanatumia madaraka yao kugawa VVU etc

 

[Kang]

Although intentions zake ni nzuri, mi naona hii sheria itasababisha watu kuogopa kupima ukimwi zaidi, kwa sababu ukiwa positive na usipomwabia mpenzi basi kesi hiyo. Sidhani kama unaweza ukashtakiwa kama ulikua haujui status yako, so ignorance inaweza ikaonekana bomba zaidi.

Huyo wa vigari vyekundu amepima? Hiyo status yake mmeijulia wapi jamani? Bongo noma!

 

[Madela Wa- Madilu]

Waganda walishavuka hatua ya kuogopa kupima VVU siku nyingi.
Hatua wanayoichukua sasa hivi iko juu sana ukilinganisha na mahali sisi Watanzania tulipo.
Kwetu ni jambo lisilofikirika kutoa taarifa ya chanzo cha awali cha kifo kama ni Ugonjwa wa ukimwi.
Hatua ya waganda kwetu bado ni ndoto.

Tumebaki na Marehemu aliugua kwa muda mrefu.
Tunaona aibu kusema sababu ya kifo kwa vile Tanzania ukimwi unaambatana na dharau na masimango au wenyewe siku hizi wanaita kunyanyapaa.

Ana ukimwi huyo!
Kwisha habari yake kaikwa miyawa huyo!
Mahali pa kuanzia ni kuondoa huo unyanyapaa na kuuona ukimwi kama ugonjwa unao kuandaa kuugua magonjwa ya kawaida na kushindwa kupona.
Ni sawa na kumcheka Askari mwenzio aliyepoteza silaha Vitani mara ashindwapo kujibu mapigo na kumiminiwa risasi bila huruma.

 

[Shadow]

Waganda walishavuka hatua ya kuogopa kupima VVU siku nyingi.
Hatua wanayoichukua sasa hivi iko juu sana ukilinganisha na mahali sisi Watanzania tulipo.
Kwetu ni jambo lisilofikirika kutoa taarifa ya chanzo cha awali cha kifo kama ni Ugonjwa wa ukimwi.
Hatua ya waganda kwetu bado ni ndoto.

Tumebaki na Marehemu aliugua kwa muda mrefu.
Tunaona aibu kusema sababu ya kifo kwa vile Tanzania ukimwi unaambatana na dharau na masimango au wenyewe siku hizi wanaita kunyanyapaa.

Ana ukimwi huyo!
Kwisha habari yake kaikwa miyawa huyo!
Mahali pa kuanzia ni kuondoa huo unyanyapaa na kuuona ukimwi kama ugonjwa unao kuandaa kuugua magonjwa ya kawaida na kushindwa kupona.
Ni sawa na kumcheka Askari mwenzio aliyepoteza silaha Vitani mara ashindwapo kujibu mapigo na kumiminiwa risasi bila huruma.

Madilu,

Kama tusipochukua hatua sasa si tutaendelea kuwa tunasem 'wabongo dno tulivyo'. Suala ni nini kifanyike ili kupunguza maangamizi. Pili ni kitu gani kifanyike kupunguza au kuzuia maambukizi ya makusudi. Hili kulinda jamii mimi nafikiri katika kuwalinda wanandoa, hari inaruhusu kuweka hata kifungu kuhusu "marital rape"

 

[Shadow]

Although intentions zake ni nzuri, mi naona hii sheria itasababisha watu kuogopa kupima ukimwi zaidi, kwa sababu ukiwa positive na usipomwabia mpenzi basi kesi hiyo. Sidhani kama unaweza ukashtakiwa kama ulikua haujui status yako, so ignorance inaweza ikaonekana bomba zaidi.

Huyo wa vigari vyekundu amepima? Hiyo status yake mmeijulia wapi jamani? Bongo noma!

mzee kuna kitu kinaitwa 'ushahidi wa kimazingira'. waenga wananena kwamba usipojua kufa chungulia kaburi

 

[Kandambilimbili]

Waganda kwenye tatizo la Ukimwi ni # 1 Duniani.
Nchi zilizo endelea zina dawa kibao za kupunguza makali ya Ukimwi lakini Waganda dawa yao kubwa ni hii ya kuweka mambo wazi.

Kwa hilo ninawasifu.

Sisi Watanzania kama yalivyo mataifa mengi Duniani, ukimwi unatumaliza kama Zimwi mwenye njaa kali lakini wapi bwana.

Ufuksa kwa viongozi wa serikali na hata dini umechukua sehemu ya imani.
Wakuu wanajamiiana na kila wanaye mtamani kama vile wanapiga sala asubuhi mchana na jioni.

Ukiongea lolote kuhusu Ukimwi utaambiwa ujumbe wako umebeba matusi na maneno mengi ya aibu kinyume na mila zetu.

Mila za Watanzania ndo zipi?
Mila za makabila zaidi ya 126 pale Tanzania ndo zipi?

Sasa sijui ni mila ya kabila gani ambayo inaruhusu Mama mzima miaka 50 kumvulia kaptula na kumkatia Mauno Kijust wa miaka 25 ambaye ni kama mtoto wake wa kumzaa???
Mila gani hiyo ya Mijibaba mizima Mvi kichwa kizima, vitambi vikubwa kuvunja adabu zao uchi kwa vijibinti vya miaka 17, sawa na wajuukuu zao??

Elimu ya ukimwi ni kweli inabeba maneno mengi mazito yatajayo viungo nyeti.
Lakini nadhani Umuhimu wa kuweka mbele elimu ya Ukimwi na uwazi kuhusu Ukimwi uko juu ya unyeti wa kutaja sehemu au viungo vya kujamiiana na tendo la kujamiiana hadharani.

Nijuavyo mimi, Elimu kuhusu ukimwi inapingwa na Viongozi wa Kiserikali na kidini tu kwa sababu inavuruga na kufukuza mawindo yao chee ya vibinti na Vijust ambavyo vipo tayari kujiingiza kwenye tendo la ngono ili kupata fedha au kunufaika kwa namna yeyote kiuchumi na kukoga wenzao, hata pale vijuapo matokeo ya mwisho ya kunufaika huko ni kifo.

Hiyo Bill ya Waganda sisi hatuwezi ni maji ya shingo.

Madila,

Asante analysis yako nzuri. Sasa kulingana na mapungufu yetu watanzania, kuna haja kuwa na sheria kama hiyo ya Uganda ukichukulia kuna watu wanasambaza VVU kwa makusudi. Kuna suspect mmoja, naambiwa yeye anawapatia dozi ya VVU na gari jekundu. Mimi naona kuna haja ya kuwa na criminal offense kwa watu wanaosambaza VVU. Wengine wanatumia madaraka yao kugawa VVU etc

I BEG TO DIFFER, hii analysis ama iko biased or incomplete, linapokuja suala la kuambukizana UKIMWI it is a two way traffic muambukizwa na muambukizwaji.

wewe umelenga sana kwa viongozi na na wamama/wababa wakubwa, hiyo nniosehemu ndogo tu ya jamamii, kuna vijana wengi sana wavivu na wenye tamaa wanapenda na wanatafuta wamama wa kuwabeba.

mashuleni na hata vyoni kumajeaa ngono zembe, watoto wadogo wanajipitisha piatisha na kujiuza kwa watu wazima.

kumlaumu mtu bila ya kuangalia upande wa pili unabeahave namna gani hatutapata suluhisho, mimi sio mbaba/mmama au kiongozi, nakajribu kuangalia upande mwingine wa shilingi, maambikizi sio kuwa yanatoka kwa kiongozi kwenda kwa muongozwa, yeye kapata wapi?

ninazo criticism nyingi lakini muda kidogo, ni hayo tu naweza kupingwa au mwingine akaoingezea....

 

[Shadow]

I BEG TO DIFFER, hii analysis ama iko biased or incomplete, linapokuja suala la kuambukizana UKIMWI it is a two way traffic muambukizwa na muambukizwaji.

wewe umelenga sana kwa viongozi na na wamama/wababa wakubwa, hiyo nniosehemu ndogo tu ya jamamii, kuna vijana wengi sana wavivu na wenye tamaa wanapenda na wanatafuta wamama wa kuwabeba.

mashuleni na hata vyoni kumajeaa ngono zembe, watoto wadogo wanajipitisha piatisha na kujiuza kwa watu wazima.

kumlaumu mtu bila ya kuangalia upande wa pili unabeahave namna gani hatutapata suluhisho, mimi sio mbaba/mmama au kiongozi, nakajribu kuangalia upande mwingine wa shilingi, maambikizi sio kuwa yanatoka kwa kiongozi kwenda kwa muongozwa, yeye kapata wapi?

ninazo criticism nyingi lakini muda kidogo, ni hayo tu naweza kupingwa au mwingine akaoingezea....

If that is the case, inamaanisha kuna mwito wa kuwa na sheria hii. Kwa hiyo tunarudi pale pale mfano umeongelea kuhusu Vijana wenye tamaa lakini angalia pia kwamba kuna mashuga mami na mashuga dadi walioko kwenye VVU ambao wana mentality ya kwamba lazima waende na wengi. Rationale ya kuwa na hii sheria ni kujaribu kuzuia watu kuambukizana kwa makusudi.

 

[Lunanilo]

salamu.

ninavyoona mimi hii sheria iletwe pia Tanzania, itapunguza kuambukizana kwa hili gonjwa. Hali ya ukimwi iwe wazi, watu wapimwe na wawaambie spouses or intended spouses na marafiki ili anayeingia katika ushirika na jamaa ajue anachokiingia. Wale wanaoambukiza wenzao makusudi wafunguliwe mashitaka.

Kumuambukiza mtu ukimwi makusudi ni sawa na kuhujumu uchumi maana huyu mtu ni economic resource, he/she could work, start a bussiness or become the next Bill Gates. etc.

Kitu tu cha kuangalia ni kuwa baada ya kujulikana waathiriwa wasidharauliwe au kutengwa, wae na haki sawa na watu wegine kushiriki katika shughuli za kawaida, pomoja na kwenda kazini na sehemu nyinginezo.

 

[Madela Wa- Madilu]

Watu wazima hujifunza kutoka kwa vijana wadogo, au ni kinyume chake?

 

[Kang]

salamu.



Kitu tu cha kuangalia ni kuwa baada ya kujulikana waathiriwa wasidharauliwe au kutengwa, wae na haki sawa na watu wegine kushiriki katika shughuli za kawaida, pomoja na kwenda kazini na sehemu nyinginezo.

Sasa hilo litawezekana kwenye Tanzania yetu?

 

[Kang]

mzee kuna kitu kinaitwa 'ushahidi wa kimazingira'. waenga wananena kwamba usipojua kufa chungulia kaburi

Ushahidi upi huo jamani? Na muhimu zaidi utasimama mahakamani?

 

[Mshiiri]

Social stigma is the main problem here. Otherwise haina das

 

[Azimio Jipya]

Kabla ya kwenda mbali kote kwenye Bill ....

Tujiulize swali moja na kujaribu kulijibu honestly..

Chukulia UKIMWI unapatiwa dawa na Unamalizika Kesho jioni.

Tungefanya sherehe za aina gani kwa tukio hilo?

Sherehe zingeanzia wapi na kumalizikia wapi?

Sherehe zingechukua mkondo na sura gani?

Hatimaye sherehe zingetoa picha gani ya maadili ya Kiutu na kibinaadamu? Baba angerudu nyumbani saa ngapi..kutoka kwnye sherehe..mama je ..watoto? Viogozi wetu ? etc?

... sherehe hizo zinsigetoa picha ya chanzo cha kweli cha tatizo la HIV AIDS?

If that is the case why bother kutokomeza UKIMWI zaidi ya kuangamiza aina ya maisha ya sherehe zitakazo fanyika? Kama Utu wa mtu hauwezi kurudishwa ....ALL IS IN VAIN..!!!!

 

[Lunanilo]

Sasa hilo litawezekana kwenye Tanzania yetu?

Itachukua muda lakini ndiyo itabidi tujifunze kuwa sensitive. Kuna watu wengi walioathiriwa ambao ni wachapa kazi wazuri tu ( Wakiwa wanatumia dawa na lishe nzuri). Hatuwezi tukawaachia wasononeke pembeni. Nakubaliana na wewe kuwa pengine hatuwezi kuacha tabia ya kuzomeana na kusengenyana.Huwa sipendi kwa mfano ule usemi wa kusema amekufa kwa ngoma. Kwanza inaleta uelewa finyu wa namna hilo gonjwa linavyotapakaa.Wengine wameambukizwa kupitia transfusion na matumizi mabaya ya vifaa mahospitalini. mnakumbuka yule aliyeamabukizwa na dentist huko ugahibuni? Kama watu wa ughaibuni wanaweza kuathiriwa na hilo fikiria ndigu zetu kwenye zahanati za vijijini.
Again itachukuwa muda lakini tujitahidi wakati ni huu.

 

[Shadow]

Itachukua muda lakini ndiyo itabidi tujifunze kuwa sensitive. Kuna watu wengi walioathiriwa ambao ni wachapa kazi wazuri tu ( Wakiwa wanatumia dawa na lishe nzuri). Hatuwezi tukawaachia wasononeke pembeni. Nakubaliana na wewe kuwa pengine hatuwezi kuacha tabia ya kuzomeana na kusengenyana.Huwa sipendi kwa mfano ule usemi wa kusema amekufa kwa ngoma. Kwanza inaleta uelewa finyu wa namna hilo gonjwa linavyotapakaa.Wengine wameambukizwa kupitia transfusion na matumizi mabaya ya vifaa mahospitalini. mnakumbuka yule aliyeamabukizwa na dentist huko ugahibuni? Kama watu wa ughaibuni wanaweza kuathiriwa na hilo fikiria ndigu zetu kwenye zahanati za vijijini.
Again itachukuwa muda lakini tujitahidi wakati ni huu.

Na kwa kuwa sheria ni msumeno, basi upande wa pili wa shilingi ni kuwabana wale wanaonyanyapaa waathirika wa VVU.