Kwanza kabisa tuache kutishiana kuhusu covid 19 japo kama una kinga dhaifu au kama una other risk factors ya kuambukizwa na kufa kwa ugonjwa wa uviko 19 jaribu kukaa mbali na watu ambao unahisi wanaweza kukuambukiza covid 19 au kama una hiari ya kupata chanjo ya covid 19 nenda ukachanjwe . Risk factors za kufa kwa ugonjwa wa Covid 19 ni kama ifuatavyo:unene uliyopitiliza,magonjwa ya presha na moyo,kisukari,ukimwi,umri mkubwa,utapiamlo,pumu,kansa,magonjwa yanaoathiri mapafu,upunguvu wa damu,kuwa na kinga pungufu mwilini.kama uko ndani ya makundi hayo jaribu kwa kipindi hichi cha ugonjwa huu kuwa makini sana au ikipidi kama una hofu tafuta chanjo ambao unahisi yaweza kukufaa
Nimetangulia kusema kuwa tusitishane kwa sababu hizi zifuatazo.
Tangia ugonjwa huu umekuwepo early january 2020,walioambukizwa ni 206,958,371,na waliyokufa ni 4,357,179. yani kati watu 100 wanaoambukizwa,wanaokufa ni asili mia 2.1.
Kwa hiyo hata ukiambukizwa usiingize hofu,wahi hospitalini.Na watoa huduma tusiogope kuwahudumia wagonjwa wa aina hii.ukimnyanyapaa ndiyo unakuwa unamuua kabisa.
Hii ndiyo hali ya mambukizi ya ugonjwa wa corona duniani kote.Kwa kizungu:
Globally, as of 12:23pm CEST, 16 August 2021, there have been 206,958,371 confirmed cases of COVID-19, including 4,357,179 deaths, reported to WHO. As of 11 August 2021, a total of 4,428,168,759 vaccine doses have been administered.
Na ukiangalia dunia kote waliyoambukizwa ugonjwa huu ni 206,958,371, kati ya watu bilioni 7.8 wanaoshi duniania.sasa piga mahesabu ni asilimia ngapi ya watu waliyoambukizwa ulimwenguni kote.
Ndiyo maana,tunatakiwa kutoingiza hofu bali tuchukue tahadhali na kufuata ushauri mzuri wa watoa huduma za afya.kama uko kwenye kundi hatarishi jitahidi sana kujikinga kwa kadri iwezekanavyo lakini pia acha hofu.wahi hospitalini endapo utahisi umeambukizwa.
Nikizungumzia kuhusu kinga .
kuna primary prevention na secondary prevention. Primary prevention ni pamoja na kuacha tabia hatarishi,kufuata ushauri wa watoa huduma za afya namna ya kujikinga,kupata chanjo safi na salama.
chanjo safi na salama inapatikana kwa kufuata hatua zilizoainishwa na shirika la afya duniani(WHO) kwa kushirikiana na taasisi zengine kama CDC na FDA.
Utengenezwaji wa chanzo unaanza kwa kutafiti kisababishi cha ugonjwa husika,muundo wa kirusi au bacteria,tabia yake,kuzaliana kwake etc .Hii inaitwa exploratoty stage .Baada ya kukielewa kirusi au bacteria alivyo ndipo watalaam wanatengeneza chanjo.chanjo ikishapatikana inajaribishwa kwanza maabara na kwa wanyama.this is mandatory.hii inaitwa pre clinical stage.
sasa swali ambalo Mh Askovu GWAJIMA amekuwa akiuliza ni hili .je?chanjo hii ilipitia kwa wanyama kwanza?tumjibu kisayansi na siyo kisiasa.
Ukitoka preclinical stage unakuja phase one clinical stage ambabo chanjo inajaribiwa kwa watu 20-80 wenye kuwa na ugonjwa huo huo au unaofanana na huo.Akofu GWAJIMA ana haki ya kuuliza kama hili lilifanyika.
i:The goals of Phase 1 testing are to assess the safety of the candidate vaccine and to determine the type and extent of immune response that the vaccine provokes".
ukishatoka clinial trial phase unaingia clinical trial phase 2 ambapo chanjo inatolewa kwa mamia ya watu.lengo likiwa hili"The goals of Phase II testing are to study the candidate vaccine’s safety, immunogenicity, proposed doses, schedule of immunizations, and method of delivery.""Hapa wamesema schedule of immunizations.yani chanjo itolewe lini,mara ngapi,kwa watu gani,.nimeona jinsi watu wanavyojikanyaga mana leo wanasema ati wapewe high risk group mara wapewe watu wote mara sijui.Hili linaleta maswali mwengi.
Ukitoka phase 2 clinical trial unaingia phase 3 ambapo chanjo inatolewa kwa maelfu ya watu.maengo ya pahse 3 yakiwa haya:
One Phase III goal is to assess vaccine safety in a large group of people. Certain rare side effects might not surface in the smaller groups of subjects tested in earlier phases. For example, suppose that an adverse event related to a candidate vaccine might occur in 1 of every 10,000 people. To detect a significant difference for a low-frequency event, the trial would have to include 60,000 subjects, half of them in the control, or no vaccine, group (Plotkin SA et al. Vaccines, 5th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders, 2008).
Vaccine efficacy is tested as well. These factors might include 1) Does the candidate vaccine prevent disease? 2) Does it prevent infection with the pathogen? 3) Does it lead to production of antibodies or other types of immune responses related to the pathogen?
ASKOFU GWAJIMA anauliza chanjo ya nini ikiwa nikichanjwa nitaambukizwa,nitambukiza nitakufa kwa ugojwa huo huo.Tumujibu kisayansi siyo kisiasa.watengenezaji wasiingize siasa kwa maisha ya watu .wamesema hata ukichanja utaambukizwa,utaambukiza ,unaweza ukafa kwa ugonjwa wa covid 19 na pia usiache kufuata zile measures nyengine kama kuvaa barakoa,kunawa mikono,social distancing .ATI MAKALI YA UGONJWA YANAPUNGUA UKIJIPATIA CHANJO YA UVIKO. sawa
Kwa kizungu ni hivii:
Safe and effective vaccines are a game-changing tool: but for the foreseeable future we must continue wearing masks, cleaning our hands, ensuring good ventilation indoors, physically distancing and avoiding crowds.
Being vaccinated does not mean that we can throw caution to the wind and put ourselves and others at risk, particularly because research is still ongoing into how much vaccines protect not only against disease but also against infection and transmission. See WHO’s landscape of COVID-19 vaccine candidates
Mashirika ya CDC ,FDA,WHO,yameweka wazi kuwa chanjo ni hiari.sasa kwa nini wanasiasa ambao mahala pengine hawajasomea mambo ya afya,layman kabisa wanalazimisha chanjo kutolewa kwa nguvu.embu jiulize MBUNGE wa tanzania ambaye amemaliza la saba,sijui form 4,form 6 ,mwanasheria ,mwalimu wa kawaida kabisa yani mtu hajawahi kufanya utafiti wowote anataka kulazimisha chanjo kwa nguvu.!!!!!!common.embu heshimuni taluma za watu.na kama wewe unataluma ya afya au ni mtafiti weka elimu na uzalendo kwanza mbele achana na siasa kichwani.Madaktari wanaelewa ninacho kisema.Yani medical ethics.Hata kipimo huwezi kukifanya kama mgonjwa hataki.HUWEZI KUMPA MGONJWA DAWA KAMA HATAKI SEMBUSE CHANJO???
Kwa kizungu ni hivi"that they have the option to accept or refuse the vaccine""
kama ulikuwa hujui nimekuwekea hapo chini kutoka mahali japo kwa kizungu ,kabla ya kujipatika chanjo unatatakiwa uelewe kwanza
sasa povu la nini na kumtishia askofu GWAJIMA.siasa za nini?chanjo ni hiari.acheni kulazimisha watu.kama wewe unaona ni lazima kupata chanjo nenda ukachanjwe .ASKOFU GWAJIMA anachokifanya ni ku compliment missing doubtful information about the vaccine ambayo imetolewa kwa dharula huku madhara na faida yakijulikana,lakini pia kiwango cha madhara hayo na faida hizo kikiwa hakijulikani(that FDA has authorized the emergency use of the vaccine, of the known and potential benefits and risks, the extent to which such benefits and risks are unknown,.......).
kama chanjo imetolewa under EMERGENCY USE AUTHORIZATION kwamba wanayoitoa wahakikishe wanamonitor chanjo hiyo kwa sababu ni" Under an EUA, (FDA may allow the use of unapproved medical products, or unapproved uses of approved medical products in an emergency to diagnose, treat, or prevent serious or life-threatening diseases or conditions when certain statutory criteria have been met, including that there are no adequate, approved, and available alternatives)""" KOSA LA ASKOFU GWAJIMA LIKO WAPI?
sisi wanasiasa tuache siasa kwa afya za watu.chanjo ni hiari.nashauri kama kuna mtu atalazimishwa chanjo fungua kesi mahakamani na nakuhakikishia utawashinda mapema kabisa.
AFYA NI HAKI YAKO .KUTOA ELIMU NI HAKI .
NIWAKUMBUSHE WATU WOTE HASA WANASIASA KUWA KILA CHANJO NI HIARI YA MTU KUKUBARI AU KUKATAA KUCHANJWA.na KAMA CHANJO INAFANYA KAZI INAVYOTAKIWA INATAKIWA IKUKINGE NA UGONJWA.NDIYON MAANA CHANJO NI HIARI .KWAMBA WEWE UNAYECHANJWA HUTAAMBUKIZWA AU UKIAMBUKIZWA HAUFI.
Mbona hepatitis B Vaccine hatulazimishani?kwani hepatititis B Haiuwi?
Jioni njema
Nimetangulia kusema kuwa tusitishane kwa sababu hizi zifuatazo.
Tangia ugonjwa huu umekuwepo early january 2020,walioambukizwa ni 206,958,371,na waliyokufa ni 4,357,179. yani kati watu 100 wanaoambukizwa,wanaokufa ni asili mia 2.1.
Kwa hiyo hata ukiambukizwa usiingize hofu,wahi hospitalini.Na watoa huduma tusiogope kuwahudumia wagonjwa wa aina hii.ukimnyanyapaa ndiyo unakuwa unamuua kabisa.
Hii ndiyo hali ya mambukizi ya ugonjwa wa corona duniani kote.Kwa kizungu:
Globally, as of 12:23pm CEST, 16 August 2021, there have been 206,958,371 confirmed cases of COVID-19, including 4,357,179 deaths, reported to WHO. As of 11 August 2021, a total of 4,428,168,759 vaccine doses have been administered.
Na ukiangalia dunia kote waliyoambukizwa ugonjwa huu ni 206,958,371, kati ya watu bilioni 7.8 wanaoshi duniania.sasa piga mahesabu ni asilimia ngapi ya watu waliyoambukizwa ulimwenguni kote.
Ndiyo maana,tunatakiwa kutoingiza hofu bali tuchukue tahadhali na kufuata ushauri mzuri wa watoa huduma za afya.kama uko kwenye kundi hatarishi jitahidi sana kujikinga kwa kadri iwezekanavyo lakini pia acha hofu.wahi hospitalini endapo utahisi umeambukizwa.
Nikizungumzia kuhusu kinga .
kuna primary prevention na secondary prevention. Primary prevention ni pamoja na kuacha tabia hatarishi,kufuata ushauri wa watoa huduma za afya namna ya kujikinga,kupata chanjo safi na salama.
chanjo safi na salama inapatikana kwa kufuata hatua zilizoainishwa na shirika la afya duniani(WHO) kwa kushirikiana na taasisi zengine kama CDC na FDA.
Utengenezwaji wa chanzo unaanza kwa kutafiti kisababishi cha ugonjwa husika,muundo wa kirusi au bacteria,tabia yake,kuzaliana kwake etc .Hii inaitwa exploratoty stage .Baada ya kukielewa kirusi au bacteria alivyo ndipo watalaam wanatengeneza chanjo.chanjo ikishapatikana inajaribishwa kwanza maabara na kwa wanyama.this is mandatory.hii inaitwa pre clinical stage.
sasa swali ambalo Mh Askovu GWAJIMA amekuwa akiuliza ni hili .je?chanjo hii ilipitia kwa wanyama kwanza?tumjibu kisayansi na siyo kisiasa.
Ukitoka preclinical stage unakuja phase one clinical stage ambabo chanjo inajaribiwa kwa watu 20-80 wenye kuwa na ugonjwa huo huo au unaofanana na huo.Akofu GWAJIMA ana haki ya kuuliza kama hili lilifanyika.
i:The goals of Phase 1 testing are to assess the safety of the candidate vaccine and to determine the type and extent of immune response that the vaccine provokes".
ukishatoka clinial trial phase unaingia clinical trial phase 2 ambapo chanjo inatolewa kwa mamia ya watu.lengo likiwa hili"The goals of Phase II testing are to study the candidate vaccine’s safety, immunogenicity, proposed doses, schedule of immunizations, and method of delivery.""Hapa wamesema schedule of immunizations.yani chanjo itolewe lini,mara ngapi,kwa watu gani,.nimeona jinsi watu wanavyojikanyaga mana leo wanasema ati wapewe high risk group mara wapewe watu wote mara sijui.Hili linaleta maswali mwengi.
Ukitoka phase 2 clinical trial unaingia phase 3 ambapo chanjo inatolewa kwa maelfu ya watu.maengo ya pahse 3 yakiwa haya:
One Phase III goal is to assess vaccine safety in a large group of people. Certain rare side effects might not surface in the smaller groups of subjects tested in earlier phases. For example, suppose that an adverse event related to a candidate vaccine might occur in 1 of every 10,000 people. To detect a significant difference for a low-frequency event, the trial would have to include 60,000 subjects, half of them in the control, or no vaccine, group (Plotkin SA et al. Vaccines, 5th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders, 2008).
Vaccine efficacy is tested as well. These factors might include 1) Does the candidate vaccine prevent disease? 2) Does it prevent infection with the pathogen? 3) Does it lead to production of antibodies or other types of immune responses related to the pathogen?
ASKOFU GWAJIMA anauliza chanjo ya nini ikiwa nikichanjwa nitaambukizwa,nitambukiza nitakufa kwa ugojwa huo huo.Tumujibu kisayansi siyo kisiasa.watengenezaji wasiingize siasa kwa maisha ya watu .wamesema hata ukichanja utaambukizwa,utaambukiza ,unaweza ukafa kwa ugonjwa wa covid 19 na pia usiache kufuata zile measures nyengine kama kuvaa barakoa,kunawa mikono,social distancing .ATI MAKALI YA UGONJWA YANAPUNGUA UKIJIPATIA CHANJO YA UVIKO. sawa
Kwa kizungu ni hivii:
Safe and effective vaccines are a game-changing tool: but for the foreseeable future we must continue wearing masks, cleaning our hands, ensuring good ventilation indoors, physically distancing and avoiding crowds.
Being vaccinated does not mean that we can throw caution to the wind and put ourselves and others at risk, particularly because research is still ongoing into how much vaccines protect not only against disease but also against infection and transmission. See WHO’s landscape of COVID-19 vaccine candidates
Mashirika ya CDC ,FDA,WHO,yameweka wazi kuwa chanjo ni hiari.sasa kwa nini wanasiasa ambao mahala pengine hawajasomea mambo ya afya,layman kabisa wanalazimisha chanjo kutolewa kwa nguvu.embu jiulize MBUNGE wa tanzania ambaye amemaliza la saba,sijui form 4,form 6 ,mwanasheria ,mwalimu wa kawaida kabisa yani mtu hajawahi kufanya utafiti wowote anataka kulazimisha chanjo kwa nguvu.!!!!!!common.embu heshimuni taluma za watu.na kama wewe unataluma ya afya au ni mtafiti weka elimu na uzalendo kwanza mbele achana na siasa kichwani.Madaktari wanaelewa ninacho kisema.Yani medical ethics.Hata kipimo huwezi kukifanya kama mgonjwa hataki.HUWEZI KUMPA MGONJWA DAWA KAMA HATAKI SEMBUSE CHANJO???
Kwa kizungu ni hivi"that they have the option to accept or refuse the vaccine""
kama ulikuwa hujui nimekuwekea hapo chini kutoka mahali japo kwa kizungu ,kabla ya kujipatika chanjo unatatakiwa uelewe kwanza
How will vaccine recipients be informed about the benefits and risks of any vaccine that receives an EUA?
FDA must ensure that recipients of the vaccine under an EUA are informed, to the extent practicable given the applicable circumstances, that FDA has authorized the emergency use of the vaccine, of the known and potential benefits and risks, the extent to which such benefits and risks are unknown, that they have the option to accept or refuse the vaccine, and of any available alternatives to the product. Typically, this information is communicated in a patient “fact sheet.” The FDA posts these fact sheets on our website.sasa povu la nini na kumtishia askofu GWAJIMA.siasa za nini?chanjo ni hiari.acheni kulazimisha watu.kama wewe unaona ni lazima kupata chanjo nenda ukachanjwe .ASKOFU GWAJIMA anachokifanya ni ku compliment missing doubtful information about the vaccine ambayo imetolewa kwa dharula huku madhara na faida yakijulikana,lakini pia kiwango cha madhara hayo na faida hizo kikiwa hakijulikani(that FDA has authorized the emergency use of the vaccine, of the known and potential benefits and risks, the extent to which such benefits and risks are unknown,.......).
kama chanjo imetolewa under EMERGENCY USE AUTHORIZATION kwamba wanayoitoa wahakikishe wanamonitor chanjo hiyo kwa sababu ni" Under an EUA, (FDA may allow the use of unapproved medical products, or unapproved uses of approved medical products in an emergency to diagnose, treat, or prevent serious or life-threatening diseases or conditions when certain statutory criteria have been met, including that there are no adequate, approved, and available alternatives)""" KOSA LA ASKOFU GWAJIMA LIKO WAPI?
sisi wanasiasa tuache siasa kwa afya za watu.chanjo ni hiari.nashauri kama kuna mtu atalazimishwa chanjo fungua kesi mahakamani na nakuhakikishia utawashinda mapema kabisa.
AFYA NI HAKI YAKO .KUTOA ELIMU NI HAKI .
NIWAKUMBUSHE WATU WOTE HASA WANASIASA KUWA KILA CHANJO NI HIARI YA MTU KUKUBARI AU KUKATAA KUCHANJWA.na KAMA CHANJO INAFANYA KAZI INAVYOTAKIWA INATAKIWA IKUKINGE NA UGONJWA.NDIYON MAANA CHANJO NI HIARI .KWAMBA WEWE UNAYECHANJWA HUTAAMBUKIZWA AU UKIAMBUKIZWA HAUFI.
Mbona hepatitis B Vaccine hatulazimishani?kwani hepatititis B Haiuwi?
Jioni njema