Kule kwa dikteta Francisco Franco walifikia kwenda kulivamia makao ya milele ya 'shujaa' wafukue kaburi la mwendazake Francisco Franco .
N.B
Habari zaidi za historia za tawala za mkono wa chuma kandamizi :
24 Apr 2018
Madrid, Spain
Mihimili ya Bunge na Mahakama za afiki kuweka historia sahihi ya dikteta Jenerali Franco wa Uhispania
Diktekta Jenerali Francisco Franco alitawala taifa hilo la Hispania kwa staili ya utawala wa 'mkono wa chuma' kwa muda wa miaka 39 hadi alipofariki dunia kwa afya dhoofu mwaka 1975.
Katika kipindi chake cha utawala wa Jenerali Franco, watu wengi walipotea ktk mazingira ya utatanishi na wengineo maelfu kufungwa jela kutokana na kuwa na itikadi tofauti za kisiasa zilizokwaza utawala wake.
Diktekta Franco alikuwa na mahusiano ya karibu viongozi wa juu wa kanisa, maana kanisa lilikuwa na ushawishi ktk maisha ya raia na pia kuunga mkono utawala wa kifalme ktk Hispania.
Jenerali Franco katika vita (1936-1939) vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe Hispania iliyoisha mwaka 1939 hakutaka kuona nchi hiyo ikiishia kumeguka ktk majimbo ya Catalonia n.k Hivyo alitumia majeshi kuhakikisha nchi inabakia bila mgawanyiko. Ushindi wa majeshi ya Franco, ulishangiliwa na kubatizwa kuwa ni ushindi dhidi ya wapiganaji wasio na imani ktk uwepo wa Mungu, Ufalme , uzalendo na umoja wa taifa.
Vita hivyo vilisababisha maelfu ya vifo na Diktekta Franco kuja na wazo la Kujenga basilica / makumbusho maalum ktk mfano wa kanisa kuwaenzi waliopoteza maisha ktk vita hivyo vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe.
Katika wosia wake Dikteta Franco, aliomba kuzikwa ktk basilica hilo na wahanga wengine wa vita ili kujibainisha na wafu wengine waliopigania au kufa kutetea taifa hilo la Hispania lisigawanyike.
Hata hivyo miaka 43 baadaye toka kifo cha diktekta huyo, wananchi, mwanaharakati wa haki za binadamu na wanasiasa wameona kuwa ukatili uliofanyika na utawala wake haustahili kusahauliwa.
Hivyo kupitia Bunge na Mahakama wameona kuweka historia sahihi kuwa ktk utawala wa Franco kuna unyama na ukatili mwingi ulitendeka ktk utawala wake uliodumu miaka 39.
Kuhitimisha hilo, hoja ya kufukuliwa mwili wake imepitishwa Bungeni na kutiliwa uzito mahakamani kisheria kuwa Diktekta huyo hastahili kulala ktk makumbusho hayo kutokana na vitendo viovu vilivyofanyika ktk utawala wake wa kiimla.
Spanish court has for the first time authorised the exhumation of bodies from the Valley of the Fallen. It is a vast mausoleum where the fascist dictator General Franco is buried with thousands of victims of Spain’s 1936 civil war.
When Dictators Fall: Preventing Violent Conflict During Transitions from Authoritarian Rule
Entrenched authoritarian systems are those where a leader or group has centralized power and resources in a manner that limits meaningful political and economic inclusion, instrumentalizes key State institutions, reduces democratic space and often allows a specific individual to remain in power well beyond typical constitutional limits.
This paper concerns the transitions out of entrenched authoritarian rule, the often volatile moments when new leadership comes into power. Some transitions take place peacefully, largely within constitutional order, but others may descend into civil unrest or even escalate into all-out civil war. In support the UN’s prevention mandate, this project is driven by the question, why does one country peacefully transition out of authoritarian rule while another falls into violent conflict, and what can the UN do to influence pathways away from violence?
This project draws on scholarship around authoritarianism and neo-patrimonial States as well as original research by United Nations University Centre for Policy Research into entrenched political systems. It identifies four key factors that may influence whether a transition tends to result in violent conflict:
Source: When Dictators Fall: Preventing Violent Conflict During Transitions from Authoritarian Rule - United Nations University Centre for Policy Research
- past forms of rule (democratic or authoritarian);
- the way in which a political system transitions (e.g. through a coup, election, death, transfer of power or popular uprising);
- the fate of the individual leader, including questions of personal property and accountability for human rights abuses; and
- economic performance and the degree of inequality within a given society
Umenikumbusha nchi yenye watu wasiojulikana ambao hawatakiwi kujulikanaWatu wamezushiwa kesi za uongo, akaunti zimefungwa, mabilioni yao yameibiwa, walioiba hawajakubali makosa.
Unataka wasamehe nini sasa wakati walioiba hawajakubali makosa?