Sarah Baartman: Mwanamke mweusi kutoka Afrika Kusini aliyesafirishwa Ulaya kwa maonesho ya makalio makubwa

[ANKOJEI]

Alitekwa miaka ya 1780 ivi huko South Africa akapelekwa ulaya kwenye madanguro, akafa, hakuzikwa ila alifanyiwa upasuaji wa ubongo, makalio yake makubwa na sehemu za siri zikawekwa maabara uko ufaransa na uingereza. Then Mandela alienda kurudisha mabaki ya mwili wake (chini ya mabishano makali sana bungeni uko ufaransa) baada ya kwisha kwa utawala dhalili wa rangi. akazikwa uko kwa madiba kwa heshima kubwa.

Sara Baartman alikuwa ni mwanamke mwenye makalio makubwa yalioshangaza ulimwengu kiasi cha kutumika kwenye maonyesho huko Ulaya. Pia mashavu ya uke(labia) wake yalikuwa marefu kwa kuwa ni tamaduni ya kabila lao, kitu ambacho siku hizi kinaonekana kama ni Female Genital Mutilation

Sara Baartman alizaliwa 1789 katika jamii ya kifugai ya Khoisan, alikulia kwenye mashamba ya kikoloni. Sara aliuzwa kwa kaburu piter willem ambaye alimpeka Cape town, na wakamuita Saartjie jina la kikaburu lenye maana sawa na Sara

Aliingia mkataba octoba 29, 1810 na dkt. William Dunlop, masharti ya kiwa kukubali kusafiri na dkt huyo kuwa mtumishi wake wa ndani na pia kutumika katika maonyesho na burudani. Ilikubaliwa kupata pesa kidogo katika maingizo ya fedha hizo ili arejee afrika kusini baada ya miaka mitano, swala la kusaini mkataba huo ni kizungumkuti kwa kuwa sara hakuwa anajua kusoma na kuandika.

Umbo la sara lililokuwa na makalio makubwa liliwashangaza wazungu ambao walikuwa wanajiona bora. Watu wakawa wanalipa kumuona sara akiwa uchi, kuyaangalia makalio yake na uke wake uliokuwa umerefushwa mashavu yake (Labia) kwa tamaduni za kabila lake

Stember 1814 awalienda ufaransa na akauzwa kwa mfanyabiashara Reaux, na akaendelea kutumika kwenye maonyesho huko Paris

March 1815 akachukuliwa kama kielelezo cha kisayansi, science specimen akitumika na wana anatomia, zoolojia, fiziolojia

Sara alikuwa akiwa na umri wa miaka 26, waliukata mwili wake na kuuweka katika makumbusho hadi mwa 1974, hadith ya sara ilifufuka mwaka 1981 Stephen Jay Gould alipoanza kuipinga sayansi ya kibaguzi.

Serikali ya Nelson mandela iliposhinda kupitia chama cha ANC ilianza mazungumzo na serikali ya ufaransa ili kuurudisha mabaki ya mwili wa Sara. Hatua hiyo ilichukua miaka nane, machi 6 2002, mwili wake ulirudishwa afrika kusini na akazikwa agosti 9, 2002

By Lucille Davie

Sarah Baartman, displayed as a freak because of her unusual physical features, was finally laid to rest 187 years after she left Cape Town for London. Her remains were buried on Women's Day, 9 August 2002, in the area of her birth, the Gamtoos River Valley in the Eastern Cape.

Baartman was born in 1789. She was working as a slave in Cape Town when she was "discovered" by British ship's doctor William Dunlop, who persuaded her to travel with him to England. We'll never know what she had in mind when she stepped on board &[HASHTAG]#8211[/HASHTAG]; of her own free will &[HASHTAG]#8211[/HASHTAG]; a ship for London.

But it's clear what Dunlop had in mind &[HASHTAG]#8211[/HASHTAG]; to display her as a "freak", a "scientific curiosity", and make money from these shows, some of which he promised to give to her. Baartman had unusually large buttocks and genitals, and in the early 1800s Europeans were arrogantly obsessed with their own superiority, and with proving that others, particularly blacks, were inferior and oversexed.

Baartman's physical characteristics, not unusual for Khoisan women, although her features were larger than normal, were "evidence" of this prejudice, and she was treated like a freak exhibit in London.

The 'Hottentot Venus'

She was called the "Hottentot Venus", 'Hottentot' being a name given to people with cattle. They had acquired these cattle by migrating northwards to Angola and returned to South Africa with them, about 2 000 years before the first European settlement at the Cape in 1652. Prior to this, they were indistinguishable from the Bushmen or San, the first inhabitants of South Africa, who had been in the region for around 100 000 years as hunter-gatherers.

Khoisan is used to denote their relationship to the San people. The label "Hottentot" took on derogatory connotations, and is no longer used. Venus is the Roman goddess of love, a cruel reference to Baartman being an object of admiration and adoration instead of the object of leering and abuse that she became.

​

Baartman objectified: an early nineteenth century French print titled, 'La Belle Hottentot'

She spent four years in London, then moved to Paris, where she continued her degrading round of shows and exhibitions. In Paris she attracted the attention of French scientists, in particular Georges Cuvier. No one knows if Dunlop was true to his word and paid Baartman for her "services", but if he did pay her, it wasn't sufficient to buy herself out of the life she was living.

Once the Parisians got tired of the Baartman show, she was forced to turn to prostitution. She didn't last the ravages of a foreign culture and climate, or the further abuse of her body. She died in 1815, at the age of 25. The cause of death was given as "inflammatory and eruptive sickness", possibly syphilis. Others suggest she was an alcoholic. Whatever the cause, she lived and died thousands of kilometres from home and family, in a hostile city, with no means of getting herself home again.

Cuvier made a plaster cast of her body, then removed her skeleton and, after removing her brain and genitals, pickled them and displayed them in bottles at the Musee de l'Homme in Paris. Some 160 years later they were still on display, but were finally removed from public view in 1974. In 1994, then president Nelson Mandela requested that her remains be brought home.

Other representations were made, but it took the French government eight years to pass a bill &[HASHTAG]#8211[/HASHTAG]; apparently worded so as to prevent other countries from claiming the return of their stolen treasures &[HASHTAG]#8211[/HASHTAG]; to allow their small piece of "scientific curiosity" to be returned to South Africa.

In January 2002, Sarah Baartman's remains were returned and buried on 9 August 2002, on South Africa's Women's Day, at Hankey in the Eastern Cape Province.

Her grave has since been declared a national heritage site. Marang Setshwaelo, writing for Africana.com at the time, said Dr Willa Boezak, a Khoisan rights activist, believed that a poem written by Khoisan descendant Diana Ferrus in 1998 played a major role in helping bring Baartman home. Boezak said: "It took the power of a woman, through a simple, loving poem, to move hard politicians into action."

Whatever the reason, Sarah Baartman is home, and has finally had her dignity restored by being buried where she belongs &[HASHTAG]#8211[/HASHTAG]; far away from where her race and gender were so cruelly exploited.

Updated: 14 May 2012

Source:

APA - Sarah Baartman, at rest at last - SouthAfrica.info

Sarah Baartman: Mwanamke mweusi kutoka Afrika Kusini aliyesafirishwa Ulaya kwa maonesho ya makalio makubwa

Duh, mwingine nakumbuka aliitwa Ota Benga, the Man in the Zoo 1906. Huyu aliwekwa sehemu moja na nyani na walomtumia kama sehemu ya maonyesho katika mji wa New York city, Bronx ZooYeah. Ota Benga alitoka Congo kwenye familia ya pigmies(Wale watu wafupi) Alikuwa maarufu kwa ufupi wake, meno yake...

www.jamiiforums.com

 

[Mwanahisa]

Wanawake wenye jina Sarah, hupitia mapito yasio na kifani ila mwishoni hua washindi wasio na mshindani.
I' have come to take you home.... machozi yamenilenga.

 

[rosemarie]

​

In the late 18th century, Sarah Baartman was working as a slave inCape Town, South Africa, when she was discovered by a British doctor. Intrigued by her unusually large buttocks and genitals, he convinced her to accompany him to London. Once there, she was "displayed" as a scientific curiosity. Once the scientific community in London were tired of her, she turned to Parisian exhibitions, and once they were also tired of her, she turned to prostitution.

However, as a Khoikhoi woman she was considered an anthropological freak in England, and she found herself put on exhibition, displayed as a s*xual curiosity. Dubbed The Hottentot Venus, her image swept through British popular culture. Abolitionists unsuccessfully fought a court battle to free her from her exhibitors.

Sarah Baartman was taken to Paris in 1814 and continued to be exhibited as a freak. She became the object of scientific and medical research that formed the bedrock of European ideas about black female s*xuality. When she died in 1816, the Musee de l'Homme in Paris took a deathcast of her body, removed her skeleton and pickled her brain and genitals in jars. These were displayed in the museum until as late as 1985

After five years of negotiating with the French authorities for the return of Sarah Baartman remains, the South African government, together with the Griqua National Council which represents the country's 200 000 Griqua people, part of the Koi-San group, brought Sarah Baartman back to South Africa. On Friday 3 May 2002, in a moving ceremony attended by many representatives of the Khoikhoi people, Sarah Baartman was welcomed back to Cape Town. Her final resting place is in the Eastern Cape, where she was born.

By naming our centre after Sarah Baartman, we are remembering and honouring a woman who has become an icon, not only to her own Khoikhoi people, but to all women who know oppression and discrimination in their lives.

People sometimes ask us for pictures of Sarah Baartman. We have decided not to provide these, out of respect for her and in order not to perpetuate her exploitation by putting her once again on display.

With regard to Sarah Baartman name, we are aware that according to her baptism certificate (Saartjie was baptized in England), her name is written Sara Bartmann. In most writings, she is referred to as Sarah or Saartjie Baartman, where Saartjie is the Afrikaans diminutive of Sarah. There is a current debate on whether Saartjie should be discarded in favour of Sarah, as many women feel that the diminutive form of names is infantilizing. We use Saartjie and Sarah interchangeably, while acknowledging the Centre's formally registered name as the Saartjie Baartman Centre.

By the age of 25, Sarah Baartman was dead.

We can only guess that Sarah Baartman got on that ship from South Africa thinking she was headed for a better life. We can guarantee that the reality fell far short of her dreams. The story of Sarah Baartman is a must read, for we cannot completely understand where we are unless we first understand where we've been.

Source: thingsyoumissed

 

[miss chagga]

weka link tuendelee

 

[Sir Good]

Hawa wazungu wadharirishaji sana!

 

[FRANCIS DA DON]

! ?

 

[Obe]

Duh, mwingine nakumbuka aliitwa Ota Benga, the Man in the Zoo 1906.

Huyu aliwekwa sehemu moja na nyani na walomtumia kama sehemu ya maonyesho katika mji wa New York city, Bronx Zoo

 

[Chachu Ombara]

Kaburi la Sarah Baartman

 

[Obe]

Chachu Ombara asante sana kwa hii link ya you tube

 

[SHIEKA]

Hakushika mimba na kuzaa watoto?

 

[Mbavu mbili]

Wakuu ni muda sijapost huku.

Naomba tuujadili ukweli kuhusu Sarah Baartman, mwanamke mweusi aliyezaliwa Afrika Kusini 1789. Inasadikika alifanya kazi kama mtumwa kwa wakati na kugunduliwa kuwa alikuwa na "umbo la ajabu (physical shape). Hivyo akalazimishwa kuchukuliwa kwa nguvu hadi nchini Ufaransa na kuanza kuonyeshwa akiwa "Utupu" kama sehemu ya maonyesho.

Inasadikika pia alitumika vibaya sana kimwili, hali iliyopelekea kifo chake na mwili kukaushwa kisha kuhifadhiwa kwenye majumba yao ya kumbukumbu.

Nimeleta huu mjadala kuchochea udadisi wa kile kichotokea Wakati wa ukoloni. Sina nia mbaya.

Ahsanteni...na karibuni mezani-

 

[MIGNON]

Ilishaandikwa ndani ya gazeti LA RAIA Mwema na pia uki Google kuna maelezo mengi tu. Jambo hili lilitojea na mabaki yake yalirudishwa. Cha kujadili ni kuwa jambo hili linaweza kutokea sasa? Bila shaka kwa kuangalia ponografia utaona hali halisi.

Pia kukimbilia Ulaya kutaka maisha bora yote yanatoa fursa ya kuendelea mambo. Juzi niliona habari toka mexico ambapo mwanamke alibakwa Mara 430000. Hili somo kwa vijana wetu.

 

[Mbavu mbili]

Ilishaandikwa ndani ya gazeti LA RAIA Mwema na pia uki Google kuna maelezo mengi tu.Jambo hili lilitojea na mabaki take yalirudishwa.Cha kujadili ni kuwa jambo hili linaweza kutokea sasa? Bila shaka kwa kuangalia ponografia utaona hali halisi.

Pia kukimbilia Ulaya kutaka maisha bora yote yanatoa fursa ya kuendelea mambo.Juzi niliona habari toka mexico ambapo mwanamke alibakwa Mara 430000.Hili somo kwa vijana wetu.

hii hatari mkuu

 

[MeinKempf]

Huyu mwanamke alikuwa na mzigo (kishungi) kama kasusiwa, yaani mtu anakaa kabisa.

 

[Elli]

Wakati nasoma falsafa ya kiafrika pale UDSM nilimsoma kidogo, ulichokiandika ndio hicho hicho na kwamba baada ya kelele nyingi alirudishwa South Africa hata hivyo inaoneka ukweli kuhusu jambo hili haujwahi kuwekwa wazi sana sana na SA na France

 

[KVM]

Siyo Sarah Bartman tu bali kuna mtu aliitwa El Negro ambaye alikuwa ni Mwafrika kutoka Botswana. Mwili wake uliibwa na Mfaransa mara tu baada ya kufa na kupelekwa Spain halafu ukakaushwa na kuwekwa mahali pa wazi kwenye museum inayoitwa Darder Museum of Natural History kwenye mji wa Banyoles. Baada ya watu weusi wengi kupiga kelele mwili ule ulirudishwa na kuzikwa Botswana miaka ya hivi karibuni.

 

[Ushimen]

Ilishaandikwa ndani ya gazeti LA RAIA Mwema na pia uki Google kuna maelezo mengi tu.Jambo hili lilitojea na mabaki take yalirudishwa.Cha kujadili ni kuwa jambo hili linaweza kutokea sasa? Bila shaka kwa kuangalia ponografia utaona hali halisi.

Pia kukimbilia Ulaya kutaka maisha bora yote yanatoa fursa ya kuendelea mambo.Juzi niliona habari toka mexico ambapo mwanamke alibakwa Mara 430000.Hili somo kwa vijana wetu.

Mkuu, siwote wenye access ya kuwezaku Google.
Badala ya kukosoa, nivema ungetuletea kile unachokifaham/ ulicho kisoma Google kwa faida ya wengi na kuelimisha zaidi.

Thanks

 

[Ushimen]

Wakati nasoma falsafa ya kiafrika pale UDSM nilimsoma kidogo, ulichokiandika ndio hicho hicho na kwamba baada ya kelele nyingi alirudishwa South Africa hata hivyo inaoneka ukweli kuhusu jambo hili haujwahi kuwekwa wazi sana sana na SA na France

Inawezekana ukweli unafichwa ili kukwepa mkono wa madai ya familia / ukoo / vizazi vya mhanga huyo

 

[VUTA-NKUVUTE]

Synopsis:
A Khoikhoi woman

Sara 'Saartjie' Baartman was born in 1789* at the Gamtoos river in what is now known as the Eastern Cape. She belonged to the cattle-herding Gonaquasub group of the Khoikhoi. Sara grew up on a colonial farm where her family most probably worked as servants. Her mother died when she was aged two and her father, who was a cattle driver, died when she reached adolescence. Sara married a Khoikhoi man who was a drummer and they had one child together who died shortly after birth.

Due to colonial expansion, the Dutch came into conflict with the Khoikhoi.

As a result people were gradually absorbed into the labour system. When she was sixteen years old Sara's fianc' was murdered by Dutch colonists. Soon after, she was sold into slavery to a trader named Pieter Willem Cezar, who took her to Cape Town where she became a domestic servant to his brother. It was during this time that she was given the name 'Saartjie', a Dutch diminutive for Sara.

On 29 October 1810, Sara allegedly 'signed' a contract with an English ship surgeon named William Dunlop who was also a friend of Cezar and his brother Hendrik.

Apparently, the terms of her 'contract' were that she would travel with Hendrik Cezar and Dunlop to England and Ireland to work as domestic servant, and be exhibited for entertainment purposes. She was to receive a 'portion of earnings' from her exhibitions and be allowed to return to South Africa after five years. Two reasons make her 'signing' appear dubious. The first is that she was illiterate and came from a cultural tradition that did not write or keep records. Secondly, the Cezar families experienced financial woes and it is suspected that they used Sara to earn money.

Sara Baartman's large buttocks and unusual colouring made her the object of fascination by the colonial Europeans who presumed that they were racially superior.

Dunlop wanted Sara to come to London and become an oddity for display. She was taken to London where she was displayed in a building in Piccadilly, a street that was full of various oddities like 'the ne plus ultra of hideousness' and 'the greatest deformity in the world'. Englishmen and women paid to see Sara's half naked body displayed in a cage that was about a metre and half high. She became an attraction for people from various parts of Europe.

During her time with Dunlop and Hendrik Cezar, the campaign against slavery in Britain was in full swing and as a result, the treatment of Baartman was called into question. Her 'employers' were brought to trial but faced no real consequences. They produced a document that had allegedly been signed by Sara Baartman and her own testimony which claimed that she was not being mistreated. Her 'contract' was, however, amended and she became entitled to 'better conditions', greater profit share and warm clothes.

After four years in London, in September 1814, she was transported from England to France, and upon arrival Hendrik Cezar sold her Reaux, a man who showcased animals. He exhibited her around Paris and reaped financial benefits from the public's fascination with Sara's body. He began exhibiting her in a cage alongside a baby rhinoceros.

Her 'trainer' would order her to sit or stand in a similar way that circus animals are ordered. At times Baartman was displayed almost completely naked, wearing little more than a tan loincloth, and she was only allowed that due to her insistence that she cover what was culturally sacred. She was nicknamed 'Hottentot Venus'.

Her constant display attracted the attention of George Cuvier, a naturalist. He asked Reaux if he would allow Sara to be studied as a science specimen to which Reaux agreed. As from March 1815 Sara was studied by French anatomists, zoologists and physiologists. Cuvier concluded that she was a link between animals and humans. Thus, Sara was used to help emphasise the stereotype that Africans were oversexed and a lesser race.

Sara Baartman died in 1816 at the age of 26. It is unknown whether she died from alcoholism, smallpox or pneumonia. Cuvier obtained her remains from local police and dissected her body. He made a plaster cast of her body, pickled her brain and genitals and placed them into jars which were placed on display at the Mus'e del'Homme(Museum of Man) until 1974. The story of Sara Baartman resurfaced in 1981 when Stephen Jay Gould, a palaeontologist wrote about her story in his book The Mismeasure of Man where criticised racial science.

Following the African National Congress (ANC)'s victory in the South African elections, President Nelson Mandela requested that the French government return the remains of Sara Baartman so that she could be laid to rest. The process took eight years, as the French had to draft a carefully worded bill that would not allow other countries to claim treasures taken by the French. Finally on the sixth of March 2002, Sara Baartman was brought back home to South Africa where she was buried. On 9 August 2002, Women's Day, a public holiday in South Africa, Sara was buried at Hankey in the Eastern Cape Province.

- See more at: Sara "Saartjie" Baartman | South African History Online

 

[golwebo_mkuu]

Saartjie Baartman, alikufa akiwa na miaka 25 tu.

Alikuwa ana makalio makubwa sana na pia mashavu marefu ya uke (Labia majora). Wazungu walimshangaa sana na akauzwa huko uingereza kufanywa kama maonesho, akabatizwa akawa mkristo hapo Uingereza na baadae akauzwa ufaransa kama mtumwa.

Inasemekana alikufa kwa Syphillis, ugonjwa ambao kwa kipindi hicho ulikuwa unatikisa sana na inasemekana aliupata ugonjwa huo baada ya kuwa anajihusisha na biashara ya ngono ili kupata pesa ya kujikiku kwani watu wa maonesho waliacha kumsapoti tena.

Alipokuwa Ufaransa, kutokana na kufanywa maonesho ya aibu, alianza kunywa pombe kali na akawa Heavy drinker, hata katika maonesho bado alikuwa amelewa (Tilalila) hii ilimsaidia kuondoa aibu.

Alikuwa anaweza kuongea lugha nne. Ki-khoisan, kifaransa, kiingereza na ki dachi.