Pamoja na kwamba Taifa la Norway lina kiwango kikubwa cha gesi linategemea kwa kiasi kikubwa umeme wa maji (Hydroelectric power)

[Meneja Wa Makampuni]

The History of Norwegian Hydropower in 5 Minutes​

Article | Last updated: 20/07/2016 | Ministry of Petroleum and Energy

Modern Norway was built and industrialised when we started to utilize rivers and waterfalls to produce electricity.

Hydropower is still the backbone of the Norwegian power system, and will remain so in the foreseeable future.

Abundant access to clean and renewable energy puts Norway in a unique position compared to most other countries in the world.

Pioneers in both the business sector as well as politics saw the potential in using hydroelectric power for industrial purposes.

One pioneer industrialist was Sam Eyde, who secured the rights to build power plants in Telemark County in the late 19th century.

The goal was to convert the enormous forces in the water to cheap electricity for industrial production. This paved the way for the establishment of prominent Norwegian companies such as Norsk Hydro and Elkem.

On the political side, the former Prime Minister Gunnar Knutsen sent a famous letter to the parliament in 1892, laying out the industrial potential of hydroelectric power. By doing so, he initiated an important and long-term political effort to secure a role for the Norwegian state in the ongoing electrification of the country, and ensure that the hydropower resources would benefit the nation as a whole.

The Norwegian Parliament, The Storting, responded quickly by issuing laws for concessions and reversionary rights. The latter was passed into law in 1909, and involves that the ownership of the resources passes back to the state when the period of the concession is ended.

Thus, The Storting ensured that the Norwegian hydropower resources was to remain on Norwegian hands
The state, counties and municipalities today own 90 percent of the production capacity for electricity. The very first hydropower plant owned by a municipality came into production in 1891 in the northern town of Hammerfest.

Hammerfest, located way north of the Arctic Circle, became the first town in Norway with electric street lighting. Oslo followed shortly afterwards, with electric street lighting and electric public rail transportation in the decade following 1890.

In 1900, Hammeren power station in Maridalen outside Oslo was built to produce electricity to the city. This is the oldest operating power plant in Norway today. At the opening of Hammeren, it was declared that Oslo was "secured power forever". Today, the annual production from Hammeren would cover the electricity consumption in Oslo for less than a day and a night.

This serves as a reminder of how the importance and dependency of electricity has increased throughout the 20th century, and still is to this day.

New power plants became architectonical symbols of progress and modernity in Norway. In 1911, the Vemork power plant near Rjukan came into production. At the time, Vemork was the largest hydroelectric power station in the world. The proximity to the hydropower resources was also important for the establishment of energy-intensive industry in places such as Odda and Glomfjord on the western coast of Norway.

While the industrial revolution of other places in the world was powered mainly by coal and oil, Norway could make use of clean and renewable energy in its industrial development.

In many ways, the utilisation of our hydropower resources became the gateway to modern, industrialised Norway. But it also represents continuity into the future. More than 100 years after the first hydroelectric power plant was built in Norway, nearly all our electricity production is based on hydropower.

Along with oil and gas technology, Norwegian hydropower technology is in the forefront globally. Norwegian companies today exports such technology to a number of countries. They also contribute with development of expertise in countries with hydropower resources.

Norway is today Europe's biggest producer of hydropower, and number six in the world. Our hydropower resources have given us industrial development, wealth creation, light and heating for more than a hundred years.

With the right resource management, we are laying the groundwork so that these resources can benefit future generations.

Source : The History of Norwegian Hydropower in 5 Minutes

 

[Jerhy]

Hivi Maji kweli tunayo ya kutosha ili kufyatua huo umeme lakini au tubachimba malambo yatakayokuja fukiwa na matope msimu wa masika?

 

[Tindo]

Childish response.

What should I say then?

 

[Meneja Wa Makampuni]

Hivi Maji kweli tunayo ya kutosha ili kufyatua huo umeme lakini au tubachimba malambo yatakayokuja fukiwa na matope msimu wa masika?

Sasa kama Tanzania isipokuwa na maji ni nchi gani hapa duniani itakuwa na hayo maji.

 

[imhotep]

Kwa kweli umefafanua vizuri huo Mradi je huo Mradi umejengwa eneo sahihi?

Kama ndio basi Ujenzi uendelee ili hizi bili za Umeme zishuke

Pia kuna haja ya kuruhusu Makampuni binafsi yaachiwe yaingie kwenye Soko ili Tanesco ipate mshindani.

Tusiingize sana Siasa hata kwenye mambo ya msingi

 

[Smart911]

Ahsante kwa taarifa...

 

[Malimi Jr]

Mkalimani Matungwa njoo uokoe jahazi huku tumekwama.

 

[RMC]

Hivi Maji kweli tunayo ya kutosha ili kufyatua huo umeme lakini au tubachimba malambo yatakayokuja fukiwa na matope msimu wa masika?

Wingi wa maji ndio unadetermine megawati ngapi zitapatikana mahali fulani. Ndio maana Rufiji inasemwa ni megawati 2000, wakati pangani au hale ni chini ya mia. Uliishasikia mto rufiji umekauka?

 

[Smart911]

Ahsante kwa taarifa ngoja tuone...

 

[August]

The History of Norwegian Hydropower in 5 Minutes​

Article | Last updated: 20/07/2016 | Ministry of Petroleum and Energy

Modern Norway was built and industrialised when we started to utilize rivers and waterfalls to produce electricity.

Hydropower is still the backbone of the Norwegian power system, and will remain so in the foreseeable future.

Abundant access to clean and renewable energy puts Norway in a unique position compared to most other countries in the world.

Pioneers in both the business sector as well as politics saw the potential in using hydroelectric power for industrial purposes.

One pioneer industrialist was Sam Eyde, who secured the rights to build power plants in Telemark County in the late 19th century.

The goal was to convert the enormous forces in the water to cheap electricity for industrial production. This paved the way for the establishment of prominent Norwegian companies such as Norsk Hydro and Elkem.

On the political side, the former Prime Minister Gunnar Knutsen sent a famous letter to the parliament in 1892, laying out the industrial potential of hydroelectric power. By doing so, he initiated an important and long-term political effort to secure a role for the Norwegian state in the ongoing electrification of the country, and ensure that the hydropower resources would benefit the nation as a whole.

The Norwegian Parliament, The Storting, responded quickly by issuing laws for concessions and reversionary rights. The latter was passed into law in 1909, and involves that the ownership of the resources passes back to the state when the period of the concession is ended.

Thus, The Storting ensured that the Norwegian hydropower resources was to remain on Norwegian hands
The state, counties and municipalities today own 90 percent of the production capacity for electricity. The very first hydropower plant owned by a municipality came into production in 1891 in the northern town of Hammerfest.

Hammerfest, located way north of the Arctic Circle, became the first town in Norway with electric street lighting. Oslo followed shortly afterwards, with electric street lighting and electric public rail transportation in the decade following 1890.

In 1900, Hammeren power station in Maridalen outside Oslo was built to produce electricity to the city. This is the oldest operating power plant in Norway today. At the opening of Hammeren, it was declared that Oslo was "secured power forever". Today, the annual production from Hammeren would cover the electricity consumption in Oslo for less than a day and a night.

This serves as a reminder of how the importance and dependency of electricity has increased throughout the 20th century, and still is to this day.

New power plants became architectonical symbols of progress and modernity in Norway. In 1911, the Vemork power plant near Rjukan came into production. At the time, Vemork was the largest hydroelectric power station in the world. The proximity to the hydropower resources was also important for the establishment of energy-intensive industry in places such as Odda and Glomfjord on the western coast of Norway.

While the industrial revolution of other places in the world was powered mainly by coal and oil, Norway could make use of clean and renewable energy in its industrial development.

In many ways, the utilisation of our hydropower resources became the gateway to modern, industrialised Norway. But it also represents continuity into the future. More than 100 years after the first hydroelectric power plant was built in Norway, nearly all our electricity production is based on hydropower.

Along with oil and gas technology, Norwegian hydropower technology is in the forefront globally. Norwegian companies today exports such technology to a number of countries. They also contribute with development of expertise in countries with hydropower resources.

Norway is today Europe's biggest producer of hydropower, and number six in the world. Our hydropower resources have given us industrial development, wealth creation, light and heating for more than a hundred years.

With the right resource management, we are laying the groundwork so that these resources can benefit future generations.

Source : The History of Norwegian Hydropower in 5 Minutes

Hapa bongo mtu atampeleka barua kama hiyo in parliament, akija mwingine "anazingua" na parliament inakubali "kuzinguliwa" yaani kila anapo badilika Kiongozi iwe miaka 20/10/5 ni kuzinguliwa kwa mipango ya maendeleo, na huku chini waziri Na Katibu mkuu wake wanazinguana, kwenye mashirika nako Mkurugenzi "anazingua" anavyokuwa juu ni yeye.
Sasa Sijui Kiongozi wetu wa sasa atafanya nini tuache kuzinguana

 

[pamoja Santa]

Subiri mafisi waje utafikiri akili zao huwa wanaziacha chooni

 

[Mokaze]

Badala ya kuniuliza mimi, ungejiuliza kwa nini pamoja na kuwa na mabwawa hayo makubwa ya kuzalisha umeme, mara kwa mara tumekuwa na upungufu mkubwa wa umeme. Mara ngapi tumeambiwa kuwa kina cha maji Mtera na/au Kihansi kimepungua mno kiasi cha kuathiri uwezo wao wa kuzalisha umeme? Mara ngapi tumeombwa tufanye maombi ili mvua zinyeshe za kutosha ili mabwawa yajae? Una uhakika gani kuwa kila mwaka tutakuwa na mvua za kutosha kulijaza hilo bwawa hasa ukizingatia kuwa kiasi cha maji yanayoingia katika mto Ruaha yamepungua sana toka Feasibility study kuhusu mradi huu ilipofanyika miaka 50 iliyopita? Tumejiuliza impact ya mabaliko ya tabia nchi katika kiwango cha maji yatakayopatikana? Kitu kingine ambacho kinapunguza uzalishaji katika mabwawa yaliyopo ni kiasi kikubwa cha matope kilichomo katika mabwawa hayo hali ambayo itatokea katika bwawa hili jipya. Matope pia yanachangia uharibikaji wa mfumo wa kuzalisha nishati ( soma taarifa ya utafiti kuhusu bwawa la Masinga kwq jirani zetu Kenya).

Teknoloji mpya ni katika uzalishaji wa nishati lakini hamna mabadiliko katika uhitaji wa maji katika uzalishaji huo.

Huu mradi ni bomu na ukweli utajulikana mapema. Na hatutakuwa na wa kumlaumu maana tumeonywa sana lakini tumetia pamba masikioni.

Amandla...

Mkuu, wewe unachodai ni kuhusu shida za Umeme wa maji ni (1) kujaa kwa tope kwenye mabwawa, (2) Na kutokuwa na mvua za uhakika kutokana na mabadiliko ya tabia nchi.

Hapo hujataja gharama za kuendesha umeme wa maji dhidi ya gharama za kutumia gesi kuzalishia umeme, siku zote gharama za uzalishaji umeme wa maji ni chini mno kulinganisha na gharama za mf, makaa, gesi nk.

Kuhusu mabwawa kujaa tope, nilisema ujenzi wa mabwawa ya umeme wa kisasa unazingatia kitu kinachoitwa "Sediment Removal system, " SRS" hivyo kuhusu tope hiyo siyo issue siku hizi.

Kuhusu uhakika wa mvua; Matatizo ya kutonyesha mvua zaidi yanaletwa na sisi wenyewe hasa kwa ukataji wa misitu, sehemu kubwa ya misitu yetu hutumika kwa ajili ya kuni na mbao, ukizalisha umeme wa bei rahisi kila mtu akaweza kuweka umeme nyumbani kwake na akatumia kwa ajili ya kupikia nk, isitoshe watu pia wanaweza kutumia hiyo hiyo gesi kwa ajili kupikia nk, na kuuzwa katika masoko ya nje badala ya kuzalishia umeme hapo huoni kwamba mazingira yatakuwa yameokolewa na Cycle ya mvua kuimarika na hivyo cycle ya Mvua---- mabwawa--- umeme kudumu???.

Hakuna mtu mwenye kufikiri sawasawa aache kutumia njia rahisi ya kujinufaisha na atumie njia ngumu!!, Tulidanganywa katika siku zile za mgawo wa umeme kwamba Mabwawa yamejaa tope kumbe kuna watu wachache walikuwa wakijinufaisha kupitia uongo huo.

Tafadhali usikumbatie huo uongo ku frustrate umeme wa maji.

Take care.

 

[Fundi Mchundo]

Mkuu, wewe unachodai ni kuhusu shida za Umeme wa maji ni (1) kujaa kwa tope kwenye mabwawa, (2) Na kutokuwa na mvua za uhakika kutokana na mabadiliko ya tabia nchi.

Hapo hujataja gharama za kuendesha umeme wa maji dhidi ya gharama za kutumia gesi kuzalishia umeme, siku zote gharama za uzalishaji umeme wa maji ni chini mno kulinganisha na gharama za mf, makaa, gesi nk.

Kuhusu mabwawa kujaa tope, nilisema ujenzi wa mabwawa ya umeme wa kisasa unazingatia kitu kinachoitwa "Sediment Removal system, " SRS" hivyo kuhusu tope hiyo siyo issue siku hizi.

Kuhusu uhakika wa mvua; Matatizo ya kutonyesha mvua zaidi yanaletwa na sisi wenyewe hasa kwa ukataji wa misitu, sehemu kubwa ya misitu yetu hutumika kwa ajili ya kuni na mbao, ukizalisha umeme wa bei rahisi kila mtu akaweza kuweka umeme nyumbani kwake na akatumia kwa ajili ya kupikia nk, isitoshe watu pia wanaweza kutumia hiyo hiyo gesi kwa ajili kupikia nk, na kuuzwa katika masoko ya nje badala ya kuzalishia umeme hapo huoni kwamba mazingira yatakuwa yameokolewa na Cycle ya mvua kuimarika na hivyo cycle ya Mvua---- mabwawa--- umeme kudumu???.

Hakuna mtu mwenye kufikiri sawasawa aache kutumia njia rahisi ya kujinufaisha na atumie njia ngumu!!, Tulidanganywa katika siku zile za mgawo wa umeme kwamba Mabwawa yamejaa tope kumbe kuna watu wachache walikuwa wakijinufaisha kupitia uongo huo.

Tafadhali usikumbatie huo uongo ku frustrate umeme wa maji.

Take care.

1. Dredging (umetumia jina fancy la sediment removal system) katika dam la scale hii kutakuwa aghali sana. Na kutaongeza sana gharama ya uzalishaji wa umeme. Tofauti na unavyosema, hapajapatikana njia ya bei nafuu ya kuondoa matope kwenye mabwawa. Bado ni tatizo.
2. Tunaambiwa feasibility study ambayo imetumika ni ile ya miaka 50 iliyopita. Hali ya sedimentation wakati ule sio sawa na ya wakati huu ( soil erosion imeongezeja n.k.). Hii ina maana any mitigation measures ( Kama zipo) hazitakidhi mahitaji halisi.
3. Point yako ya deforestation does not make sense. Tunakata miti na kuzamisha miti kwa sababu watu wanakata kwa ajili ya kuni na mkaa? Na tukiwa na umeme wa bei ya chini watu watanunua majiko ya umeme na wataacha kutumia mkaa? Unaishi Tanzania ipi!
4. Hivi kwa akili zako unaamini watu walikuwa wanafyonza maji kutoka kwenye hayo mabwawa kwa faida zao! Mbona mgao mpaka sasa unaendelea pamoja na kuwashughulikia?
5. Umeme wa hydro ni nafuu kutegemea na context. Kwa sababu Norway kutokana na mandhari yao na miamba katika ardhi yao wanazalisha umeme kwa bei nafuu haina maana hata sisi itakuwa hivyo.
6.Aidha, gharama ya uharibifu wa mazingira ikiingizwa kwenye gharama ya uzalishaji bei ya huu umeme itakuwa juu sana.
7. Kwa vile uamuzi umefanywa tayari wa kuendelea na mradi, muda peke yake ndio utaonyesha nani yuko sahihi.

Amandla...

 

[Mazindu Msambule]

Ukicheka na mtoto mwishowe anakushika makalio tu..

Kabisa brother; mama asipokua na uwezo wa kupambanua hizi "kweli za watu" zinazo zungumzwa sasa hivi, hakika anaweza kupotea sana.

 

[Mazindu Msambule]

Twambie kwanza kuwekeza kwenye ges kunahitaji mtaji wa tsh.ngap na utuambie mo na bakhresa wakiungana wana tsh ngap ndo ulete porojo zako hizi

Achana na wenye mawazo ya kimasikini. Kuna watu wamewekeza kwenye migodi ya dhahabu, Almas, Tanzanite na ni Watanzania; hayo madini (hasa dhahabu ) ili uyapate unatumia gharama kubwa sana kuliko gas, tani moja tu ya mfuko wa Sodium Cyanide is very expensive, bado hujanunua Carbon, Magadi, Tindikali (Acid ), Lead Nitrate nk, sijautaja umeme, machine za ku run hiyo mitambo pamoja na mafuta na vipuli vyake, then watu wanaizungumzia gas ambayo unachimba na kutandaza mabomba tu, Wengine humu ndani wanadhani kila kiancho zungumzwa na wana siasa (Muhongo akiwa mmoja wao wa wana siasa) wanadhani hua ni kweli tu

 

[General Mangi]

Unaona sasa akili za ajabu?

Kwani wewe unadhani wanaokuja kuwekeza toka nje huwa na pesa za kuwekeza taslimu?

Mo na Bakhresa ni benki gani inaweza kukataa kuwapa mkopo?

Kuna benk hapa bongo ya kukopesha usd 2 bilion?
Acha masihara wewe

 

[Mokaze]

1. Dredging (umetumia jina fancy la sediment removal system) katika dam la scale hii kutakuwa aghali sana. Na kutaongeza sana gharama ya uzalishaji wa umeme. Tofauti na unavyosema, hapajapatikana njia ya bei nafuu ya kuondoa matope kwenye mabwawa. Bado ni tatizo.
2. Tunaambiwa feasibility study ambayo imetumika ni ile ya miaka 50 iliyopita. Hali ya sedimentation wakati ule sio sawa na ya wakati huu ( soil erosion imeongezeja n.k.). Hii ina maana any mitigation measures ( Kama zipo) hazitakidhi mahitaji halisi.
3. Point yako ya deforestation does not make sense. Tunakata miti na kuzamisha miti kwa sababu watu wanakata kwa ajili ya kuni na mkaa? Na tukiwa na umeme wa bei ya chini watu watanunua majiko ya umeme na wataacha kutumia mkaa? Unaishi Tanzania ipi!
4. Hivi kwa akili zako unaamini watu walikuwa wanafyonza maji kutoka kwenye hayo mabwawa kwa faida zao! Mbona mgao mpaka sasa unaendelea pamoja na kuwashughulikia?
5. Umeme wa hydro ni nafuu kutegemea na context. Kwa sababu Norway kutokana na mandhari yao na miamba katika ardhi yao wanazalisha umeme kwa bei nafuu haina maana hata sisi itakuwa hivyo.
6.Aidha, gharama ya uharibifu wa mazingira ikiingizwa kwenye gharama ya uzalishaji bei ya huu umeme itakuwa juu sana.
7. Kwa vile uamuzi umefanywa tayari wa kuendelea na mradi, muda peke yake ndio utaonyesha nani yuko sahihi.

Amandla...

Mimi ningeridhika kama ungeniambia katika siku zinazokuja mvua hazitanyesha tena na gesi ya ardhini itaendelea kuongezeka humo ardhini.

Bado ukweli unabakia palepale kwamba umeme wa maji ni nafuu comparativelly.

Juu ya kuondoa tope, nashukuru kwamba umekubali kwamba tope linaweza kuondolewa na umenifundisha neno linalotumiwa na nyie wataalamu ni (DREDGING) isipokuwa tu wewe hofu yako ni gharama ya dredging !!!, wewe sijui unaishi katika dunia ya karne ipi hadi ushikwe na wasiwasi wa gharama??!!--- dunia ya leo ni ya science na technology kilichoshindikana mwaka jana mwaka huu kinaweza kufanywa kirahisi tu kwa gharama za chini.

Kuhusu misitu: Uharibifu mkubwa wa misitu yetu ni kutokana na Mkaa na kuni, kama utaweza kitafuta mbadala wa kuni na mkaa basi utaokoa asilimia kubwa sana ya misitu yetu na hivyo kusaidia kuhifadhi mazingira na njia moja ni kufanya watu watumie gasi na umeme kupikia majumbani, tupo takriban wstu 60 million na lazima mtu ale angalau kwa siku mara moja achilia mbali mara 2, 3, na 4 kwa wenye vipato ambao ni wachache fikiria ni nishati kiasi gani ya kuni inatumika kila siku?!!.

Kuhusu Mabwawa: Watu hawakuwa wakifyonza maji bali watu walitumia kisingizio cha mabwawa kujaa tope ili wale waliokuwa wanakodisha mitambo ya kuzalisha umeme waendelee kula yaani waendelee kupata kipato kwa mitambo yao kuendelea kukodishwa, hapo kulikuwa na 10% za wafanyakazi wasiokuwa waaminifu, hiyo ilikuwa ni ufisadi uliopelekea mgawo ws umeme mkubwa sana, utakumbuka mambo ya Richmond.

Kuhusu uharibifu wa mazingira: kama unazalisha kitu chenye faida utasemaje huo ni uharibifu wa mazingira ??!!, Huko ni kuKata pua na kuunga wajihi wahenga walisema.

Umeme wa maji ni cheaper na ndiyo maana Ethiopia na nchi nyingi zinajenga mabwawa.

Angalia mashine ya dredging huko Colombia ikifanya kazi, nasisi itabidi tununue mashine hiyo, kama tumeweza kununua ndege je tutashindwa kununua hiyo Dredging machine???

 

[KalamuTena]

Kuna benk hapa bongo ya kukopesha usd 2 bilion?
Acha masihara wewe

Wewe kweli ni 'local' hasa!

Kwani hapa nchini hakuna mabenki ya nje?

Ni shida sana kupoteza muda na watu wabishi tu bila ya sababu.

Hata hivyo, tuseme hakuna benki hapa Tanzania inayoweza, hawa akina Mo na wengine hawawezi kuungana na wawekezaji wenzao toka nje?

 

[General Mangi]

Wewe kweli ni 'local' hasa!

Kwani hapa nchini hakuna mabenki ya nje?

Ni shida sana kupoteza muda na watu wabishi tu bila ya sababu.

Hata hivyo, tuseme hakuna benki hapa Tanzania inayoweza, hawa akina Mo na wengine hawawezi kuungana na wawekezaji wenzao toka nje?

Hakuna mwekezaji anae weza ingia ubia na hao unaowasemaaa...

Alafu kumbuka wawekezaji wa nje ni makampuni makubwa yenye mitaji inayozidi hata GDP ya nchi...

Hujui hii biashara ya nishati vizuri ww

 

[KalamuTena]

Hakuna mwekezaji anae weza ingia ubia na hao unaowasemaaa...

Alafu kumbuka wawekezaji wa nje ni makampuni makubwa yenye mitaji inayozidi hata GDP ya nchi...

Hujui hii biashara ya nishati vizuri ww

Sasa mbona unanidharau bila kunifahamu mkuu wangu 'General Mange'!

Mbona hujanionyesha kitu katika maandishi yako juu ya hili jambo yanayokutambulisha kwamba wewe ni mjuaji katika eneo hili?

Hata kama ungekuwa ni mjuaji, kwani hiyo inakupa hati miliki wewe na wengine wasijue?

Sasa angalia unavyoojivunjia heshima, kwani makampuni hayawekewi hisa na watu?

Ni ushahidi upi ulionao wewe unaoonyesha kwamba "Hakuna mwekezaji aneweza ingia ubia na Mo au Bakresa"?